health 250 final exam
Which of the following situations might contribute to impaired immune function? You purchase a new car when you get your first job offer. You have a fairly calm demeanor and life rarely "stresses you out." Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke. You keep changing the diet, vitamin, and exercise regimen you follow to see faster results.
Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke.
Alicia has been experiencing persistent sadness, despair, and hopelessness. She is displaying symptoms of an eating disorder. an anxiety disorder. a personality disorder. a chronic mood disorder.
a chronic mood disorder.
Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT abstinence. the body temperature method. the calendar method. the cervical mucus method.
abstinence
Which of the following is typically due to a staphylococcal infection? Lyme disease pneumonia acne scarlet fever
acne
Research examining the relationship between substance abuse and violence indicates that alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels. substance abuse can elevate a person's mood and thereby prevent a potential crime. substance abuse markedly decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide. chronic drinkers are less likely than others to have histories of violent behavior.
alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels.
A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the body mass index. body fat index. obesity index. body composition index.
body mass index.
In the ABCD rule for the warning signs of melanoma, the B stands for border irregularity. bleeding. basal carcinoma. beyond localized.
border irregularity.
One of the advantages of a single-payer health care system is that it rations health care services. can achieve lower cost through economies of scale. provides a higher quality of health care. encourages people to commit to lifestyle choices that reduce their risk for chronic diseases.
can achieve lower cost through economies of scale.
Self-care can include treating infections. self-diagnosing cancer. diagnosing acute symptoms. checking your blood pressure.
checking your blood pressure.
A good way to control portion sizes when you eat out is to chew slowly, talk to friends, and put down your fork between bites. choose a buffet style restaurant. eat restaurant leftovers several times a week. order the largest portion available so you won't be hungry later.
chew slowly, talk to friends, and put down your fork between bites.
A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n) intoxicator. distilled alcohol product. congener. ethyl alcohol product.
congener
When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to cognitive ability being restored during sleep. conservation of body energy during sleep. increased brain activity during sleep. increased body temperature and caloric expenditure during sleep.
conservation of body energy during sleep.
Managed care is based on doctors setting their own rates. coordination of health care. few administrative rules. emergency health care.
coordination of health care.
Which is NOT a good source of folate? bread breakfast cereal fish spinach
fish
Training for muscular resistance can be done using any of the following three methods: weight machines, distance running, or joint goniometry. free weights, weight machines, or stationary bikes, treadmills, and stair climbers. free weights, your own body weight, or hatha yoga. free weights, weight machines, or your own body weight.
free weights, weight machines, or your own body weight
Candidiasis is which type of infection? bacterial viral protozoan fungal
fungal
A hormone produced in the stomach that is referred to as the "hunger hormone" is insulin. leptin. ghrelin. adrenaline.
ghrelin
Carbohydrates that have been ingested are broken down into the form of sugar known as glucose. glycogen. lactose. fructose.
glucose.
A condition in which a person has an excessive number of fat cells is dysplastic obesity. hyperplastic obesity. anaplastic obesity. hyperglycemia.
hyperplastic obesity.
The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is hypertrophy. hyperthyroidism. hyperbole. dystrophy.
hypertrophy.
Violence that occurs between two people in a current or former marriage or sexual or dating relationship is domestic violence. intimate partner violence. spousal violence. intentional violence.
intimate partner violence.
To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called antagonism. cross-tolerance. synergism. intolerance.
intolerance
A reduction in the oxygen supply to a part of the body or an organ such as the heart is known as atherosclerosis. ischemia. myocardial infarction. angina pectoris.
ischemia.
A primary advantage of the contraceptive sponge is that it eliminates the risk of STIs. protection lasts for 4 to 6 hours. it does not require a fitting from a doctor. it does not use the spermicide nonoxynol-9.
it does not require a fitting from a doctor
One reason exercise might decrease breast cancer risk is that it involves social support. it typically decreases body fat. it increases appetite. it increases self-esteem.
it typically decreases body fat.
If cells cannot utilize glucose for energy, the body will break down fat, which produces acidic molecules called glycogen. proteins. ketones. lipids.
ketones.
In the United States, which of the following factors does NOT affect most people's choices about dietary intake? finances limited food supply cultural traditions advertising
limited food supply
The difference between surgical and medical abortions is that medical abortions can be performed further into the pregnancy than surgical abortions. medical abortions are much more common in the U.S. than surgical abortions. medical abortions are performed without entering the uterus. surgical abortions require more steps than medical abortions.
medical abortions are performed without entering the uterus.
Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT meningitis Alzheimer's disease dementia depression
meningitis
Manuela joined a group exercise class. Her instructor, who was formerly inactive and overweight, participates with the class and also shares personal fitness strategies. In class, Manuela tries to emulate her instructor's moves, and she has also become more physically active as part of her daily routine. Which technique is Manuela using to reach her goal of becoming more fit? visualization reinforcement shaping modeling
modeling
Mariah is behind on her coursework because of training for the upcoming tryouts for the swim team. On top of that, she broke up with her boyfriend last week. Monica, her twin sister, does not participate on a sports team and has plenty of time to get her homework done before her boyfriend visits most evenings. Compared to Monica, Mariah is likely to experience fewer incidences of cold-related symptoms. better sleep. less joint pain. more upper respiratory illness.
more upper respiratory illness.
Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies pass from mother to fetus via placenta or from mother to baby via breast milk? artificially acquired active immunity naturally acquired active immunity artificially acquired passive immunity naturally acquired passive immunity
naturally acquired passive immunity
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that approximately how many Americans have diabetes? nearly 90 million nearly 10 million nearly 30 million nearly 1 million
nearly 30 million
What portion of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis (TB)? one-half one-third one-fourth one-fifth
one-third
Walking to class or up a flight of stairs would be examples of physical activity. endurance. physical fitness. exercise.
physical activity.
Mindy wants to lose weight. The fact that her parents engage in regular exercise is a(n) reinforcing factor. predisposing factor. enabling factor. motivational factor.
predisposing factor.
One way the ACA is intended to improve the quality of health care is by emphasizing emergency care. surgical care. preventative care. rationed care.
preventative care.
To successfully change a behavior, a person must recognize that change is a(n) chance to wipe out past mistakes. stressful situation. isolated event. process that occurs in stages.
process that occurs in stages.
When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from protein in lean body tissue. fluid reabsorption by the kidneys. glycogen stored in the brain. minerals stored in bone.
protein in lean body tissue
Which of the following play a role in developing and repairing bone, muscle, skin, and blood cells? carbohydrates water fats proteins
proteins
The recommended diet for individuals at risk of developing diabetes includes all of the following foods EXCEPT fatty fish. red meat. whole grains. high-fiber foods.
red meat.
Communication with health care providers can be improved by all of the following EXCEPT seeking a second opinion when you have doubts about the provider's recommendations. knowing your family history. writing down information so that you remember it accurately. relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues.
relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues.
In a fitness program, the slogan "use it or lose it" applies to which principle? reversibility flexibility overload specificity
reversibility
Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing satiety. hunger. adaptive thermogenesis. appetite.
satiety
Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of self-esteem. self-efficacy. self-reliance. self-satisfaction.
self-efficacy.
Your friend confides that her coworker is always making sexually explicit comments to her and telling lewd jokes. You explain to her that this is sexual harassment. sexual assault. sexual coercion. sexual invasion.
sexual harassment.
HIV can potentially be transmitted through all of the following EXCEPT sharing food utensils with an infected person. sharing a razor with an infected person. a condom breaking during vaginal intercourse. receiving a blood transfusion prior to 1985.
sharing food utensils with an infected person
The change model based on three factors (social environment, thoughts and feelings, and behaviors) in interaction with each other is known as the transtheoretical model. health belief model. behavior modification model. social cognitive model.
social cognitive model.
Interpersonal therapy focuses on the impact of thoughts and ideas on feelings and behavior. the psychological roots of emotional problems. social roles and relationships. the therapist-patient relationship as a window into other relationship patterns.
social roles and relationships.
A key defense against assault when you're outside alone is to stay aware of your surroundings. keep your head down and avoid eye contact. take shortcuts so you can stay away from other people. talk on your cell phone.
stay aware of your surroundings.
All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT antihistamines. antidepressants. stimulants. muscle relaxants.
stimulants
Life expectancy in the early 1900s was largely determined by a person's susceptibility to infectious disease. family history. hygiene habits. occupation and location.
susceptibility to infectious disease.
As Joe prepares to spar with a Taekwondo opponent, his heart rate and respiration rate increase. These are indicators that which branch of the nervous system has been activated? central episodic sympathetic parasympathetic
sympathetic
A rise in a woman's basal body temperature signals that ovulation has occurred. the beginning of the menstrual cycle. that fertilization has occurred. the end of the current menstrual period.
that ovulation has occurred.
The contemporary definition of wellness is: a. living longer than one's parents. b. the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions. c. the absence of ongoing symptoms or chronic disease. d. the ability to move about freely without pain.
the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.
When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that the baby enters the birth canal. the cervix dilates. the placental barrier breaks. the amniotic sac breaks.
the amniotic sac breaks
If caught early, the prognosis for colon cancer is good because treatment can be delayed. it can be cured with diet. the disease progresses slowly. treatments are so advanced.
the disease progresses slowly
All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT the environment must promote it. an agent must transmit a disease. the host must be susceptible. the host must never have had the disease before.
the host must never have had the disease before.
All of the following are true about suppositories EXCEPT that they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour. they are inserted into the vagina or anus. they are designed to melt at body temperature. they enable a drug to be released into the bloodstream
they have a short life span and become inactive within an hour.
Which of the following blood cholesterol profiles is most healthful? HDL cholesterol = 50; LDL cholesterol = 130 total cholesterol = 240; LDL cholesterol = 180 total cholesterol = 200; HDL cholesterol = 30 total cholesterol = 170; HDL cholesterol = 70
total cholesterol = 170; HDL cholesterol = 70
Breaking a leg during a football game is an example of which type of injury? stress-related traumatic repetitive overuse
traumatic
A three-month segment of a pregnancy during which certain developmental changes occur in the embryo or fetus is a cycle. gestation period. phase. trimester.
trimester
Jeff knows the midterm chemistry exam is going to be tough. He is trying to prepare for it by taking a practice test every night before he goes out with his buddies. Jeff is using alcohol as a coping mechanism to relax. using the technique of stress inoculation. restructuring his thinking patterns. increasing his level of stress before the test.
using the technique of stress inoculation.
An individual would most likely suffer from angina pectoris when watching television. walking up a flight of stairs. working at a computer. sleeping.
walking up a flight of stairs.
Major public health achievements of the twentieth century include lower birth rates. workplace safety. pharmaceutical products. mental health counseling.
workplace safety.
One standard drink equals 6 ounces of malt liquor or 8 ounces of beer. 12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor. 16 ounces of beer or wine. 10 ounces of wine or 1 ounce of 80 proof liquor.
12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.
How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers? 4 hours 5 hours 2 hours 3 hours
4 hours
Which of the following is TRUE about steroids? They are used to produce a lean and streamlined physique and to enhance aerobic capacity. Use in intercollegiate sports has been increasing over the past two decades. Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension. They are used more by women than men.
Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension.
Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)? As of 2016, all workplaces throughout the United States are required to be 100 percent smoke-free. Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased. ETS has far fewer carcinogens, tar, and nicotine than mainstream smoke. Whereas mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled by smokers, sidestream smoke is the smoke emitted from the end of a burning cigarette.
Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased.
What do preferred provider organizations (PPOs) and point of service (POS) plans have in common? Both provide service from in-network medical providers. Both provide care from networks of independent doctors and hospitals. Both allow patients to seek outside care but require patients to pay an extra cost. Both are designed to coordinate a patient's care across various providers.
Both allow patients to seek outside care but require patients to pay an extra cost.
How can you eat well and save money when living as a student on a tight budget? Buy prewashed and precut vegetables to save time. Buy large amounts of produce at one time. Snack on crackers or muffins rather than bananas or carrots because produce is too expensive for snacks. Buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season.
Buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season
Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug? Contrave Alli hoodia St. John's wort
Contrave
There have been recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties. What should female students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes? Only attend parties given by friends; do not party at a bar or club. Always attend and leave parties alone. Don't trust their intuition. Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended.
Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended.
All spermicides are effective in preventing sexually transmitted infections. True False
False
An osteopath (D.O) does not complete the same level of training as a physician who is an M.D. True False
False
Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness. True or False
False
Psychoneuroimmunology studies the effects of disease on emotional health. True False
False
Restless leg syndrome is an extremely rare disorder, affecting less than 0.5 percent of the U.S. population. True False
False
Substance abuse decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide. True False
False
The correct term for the uterus in a pregnant woman is the placenta. True False
False
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against all types of HPV. True False
False
The increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States is thought to be primarily due to genetic factors. True False
False
The virus responsible for causing genital warts is hepatitis B. chlamydia. HPV. syphilis.
HPV
Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin? Its physical effects wear off in 1-2 hours. It is similar to marijuana in its physical effects. It can cause hallucinations. It is the active chemical in a type of grass.
It can cause hallucinations.
When Maria's boyfriend returned from the health clinic, he told her he had been diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which of the following statements is TRUE? Maria does not need to worry because she does not have any gonorrhea symptoms. Maria should limit sexual activity with her boyfriend to oral sex until his treatment is finished and a follow-up test shows that he is free of the infection. Maria should go to the clinic to get tested for gonorrhea and treated if she has it. Maria should take lots of vitamins and eat a healthy diet to prevent infection.
Maria should go to the clinic to get tested for gonorrhea and treated if she has it.
Francisco just found out his HIV test is positive. Which of the following statements is TRUE? As he is unaware of having experienced any particular symptoms of HIV infection, it is likely that he was infected within the past six months. Francisco's wife does not need to worry about getting infected since she is a heterosexual female. Francisco's positive HIV test means that he has AIDS. New drug therapies should allow Francisco to significantly slow progression of the disease.
New drug therapies should allow Francisco to significantly slow progression of the disease.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about costs in the U.S. health care system? Overtreatment is an issue. Growing rates of obesity are pushing costs higher. New technologies are lowering costs. The U.S. spends more on health care than any other nation.
New technologies are lowering costs
Which of the following is a key time management strategy that can reduce stress? Only clean up clutter when you have enough time to get to all of it. Set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end. Stack your mail in one place and go through it once a week. Multitask.
Set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end.
Which of the following is a TRUE statement? Twenty-five percent of all regular smokers die of smoking-related diseases. Tobacco is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. More deaths are due to illegal drug use than are due to tobacco use. Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.
Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases
A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver. True False
True
A warm-up prior to exercise after you've finished a long day of sedentary work should last longer than a warm-up after you've walked to the fitness center. True False
True
Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate? 20-year-old truck driver 30-year-old computer programmer 30-year-old pregnant woman 20-year-old student
30-year-old computer programmer
Which of the following statements about campus violence is true? Nearly one in twenty undergraduate females report having been sexually assaulted since entering college. More male than female college students report having been stalked. Almost 2 percent of college males report having been in a physically abusive relationship. Mass shootings are the most common form of violence on college campuses.
Almost 2 percent of college males report having been in a physically abusive relationship.
Most adults need only 5 to 6 hours of sleep per night, provided it is high-quality sleep. True False
False
Most fast food chains do not offer nutritional analyses of their food. True False
False
Outercourse is 100 percent effective against STIs. True False
False
The sponge is inconvenient because it requires a trip to the doctor for fitting. True False
False
Two males of equal size and leanness but different ages will burn the same number of calories at rest. True False
False
Which of the following BEST describes appetite? It is the same as hunger. It is more psychological than physiological. It is the social meaning attached to food. It is not triggered by smells or taste.
It is more psychological than physiological.
Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape? Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime. It is not a crime. It is usually an isolated occurrence that happens once. It rarely occurs in women who are pregnant.
Several states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime.
Which of the following is TRUE about the third trimester of pregnancy? The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet. It is the period during which the placenta becomes well established. The fetus grows the least during this trimester. It is the period during which the embryo differentiates and develops its various organ systems.
The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet.
An aneurysm in the brain can cause a stroke. True False
True
Contraceptive implants are more effective at preventing pregnancy than oral contraceptives. True False
True
Dietary supplements are not regulated like other food and drug products. True False
True
If a friend passes out and cannot be roused after drinking heavily for hours, you should call 9-1-1. True False
True
In most cases, the perpetrators of child abuse are members of the child's family. True False
True
Mescaline, in the form of dried peyote buttons, has long been used for religious purposes by people native to the southwestern United States and Latin America. True False
True
Our personalities can be altered through behavior change. True False
True
Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more. True False
True
Proper use of a condom during sexual activity does not guarantee protection against STIs. True False
True
Rigorous research has shown that drug studies funded by the pharmaceutical industry are more likely to find the drug beneficial than studies funded by outside sources. True False
True
The exercise metabolic rate would be lower for walking versus jogging. True False
True
The right to medical care is recognized by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. True False
True
Very-low-calorie diets are associated with significant health risks and must be medically supervised. True False
True
You cannot contract HIV through casual contact. True False
True
Your risk of becoming obese increases by at least one-third if your partner, spouse, sibling, or close friend is obese. True False
True
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption? social encouragement to work out and be active easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants increasing use of texting for cell phone communication increasing number of regulations that apply to food labeling
easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants
Intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are desires. emotions. needs. dreams.
emotions
Lisa is aware that her best friend, Kim, has a drinking problem. Lisa continually makes excuses for her and often completes Kim's homework to protect her from flunking out of school. Lisa's behavior is an example of intervening. reinforcing. compulsion. enabling.
enabling
The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to do all of the following EXCEPT establish a national single-payer health care system. increase access to health care. address the cost of health care. improve the overall quality of health care.
establish a national single-payer health care system.
The condition of elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy is called prediabetes. type 1 diabetes. fetal diabetes. gestational diabetes.
gestational diabetes.
When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as adaptive thermogenesis. digestion. ketogenesis. enhanced metabolism.
adaptive thermogenesis.
Being flexible in making plans with friends demonstrates optimism. self-esteem. agreeableness. self-efficacy.
agreeableness
All of the following statements are true about traditional Western medical practice EXCEPT it can be practiced by a wide range of specialists and health professionals. practitioners complete rigorous education and clinical training programs. all treatments have had the benefit of extensive clinical trials. treatments may change dramatically as new advances replace older practices.
all treatments have had the benefit of extensive clinical trials.
Jason is frustrated because he has three projects due at the same time next week and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out. Jason has: a. an internal locus of control. b. an external locus of control. c. self-efficacy. d. self-confidence.
an external locus of control
The restful, restorative period of sleep is alternating-wave sleep. non-REM sleep. REM sleep. rapid-wave sleep.
non-REM sleep
The primary care practitioner in your campus health clinic has a master's degree and is authorized to perform exams, conduct diagnostic tests, and in some states may also prescribe medications. He is a vocational nurse. registered nurse. nurse practitioner. licensed practical nurse.
nurse practitioner
Before receiving any care, patients must be made aware of the treatment plan and any potential risks involved. This is known as the right to access medical records. to receive care. to privacy. of informed consent.
of informed consent.
Which type of costs are related to higher insurance premiums and increased disability payments due to obesity-related health conditions? Medicaid costs indirect medical costs direct medical costs Medicare costs
indirect medical costs
All of the following points about E. coli 0157:H7 are true EXCEPT that infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths. it can be contracted from various foods. a typical symptom of infection is diarrhea. it is a bacterial disease.
infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths.
Delay in seeking medical care for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) increases the risk of permanent damage and scarring that can lead to bleeding between periods. infertility and other complications. painful urination. painful intercourse.
infertility and other complications
The over-the-counter version of the drug orlistat, marketed as Alli, has a number of unpleasant side effects but works to promote weight loss by increasing resting metabolic rate. increasing water loss. suppressing appetite. inhibiting the digestion of fat.
inhibiting the digestion of fat.
Which hormone is required by the body's cells for the uptake of glucose? cortisol insulin estrogen glycogen
insulin
A state in which the body's cells fail to respond to the effects of insulin is insulin resistance. hyperglycemia. hypoglycemia. diabetic coma.
insulin resistance.
The amount of effort needed during a workout to improve some aspect of fitness is exercise resistance. flexibility. duration. intensity.
intensity
After Willie was bitten by a rabid dog, his physician administered postexposure rabies treatment. The mode of disease transmission in this case is best described as interspecies zoonotic transmission. autoinoculation. endemic indirect contact transmission. vector-borne direct contact transmission.
interspecies zoonotic transmission.
Gastric bypass results in gradual loss of modest amounts of weight over several years' time. is an elimination surgery. is one of the least common types of weight-loss surgery. is a restrictive and malabsorption surgery.
is a restrictive and malabsorption surgery.
Postpartum depression frequently occurs just before childbirth. can lead to bipolar disorder. is caused by the nutritional demands of breast-feeding. is characterized by lack of energy, depression, and mood swings.
is characterized by lack of energy, depression, and mood swings.
The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is antagonism. synergism. cross-tolerance. intolerance.
antagonism
Every time you eat something that contains yellow dye, you wheeze and get a rash. The dye must be an antigen. enzyme. antibody. immunoglobulin.
antigen.
Although he is often dispirited, exhausted, and pessimistic, for the last few days Jirou has been studying, working out, and socializing with so much energy and enthusiasm that he has not had more than two or three hours of sleep each night. Jirou might be suffering from a personality disorder. bipolar disorder. post-traumatic stress disorder. panic disorder.
bipolar disorder.
Sharon is a gymnast. A personal trainer cautioned her that her extremely low body fat might cause health problems, including an increased risk of sleep apnea. excessively heavy menstrual periods. osteoarthritis. bone fractures.
bone fractures.
Physician assistants can provide treatment and write prescriptions when supervised by a physician. are the same as physicians, but with fewer years of experience. are not licensed by state boards of medicine. are competently able to treat 100 percent of those seeking primary care.
can provide treatment and write prescriptions when supervised by a physician.
The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from cerebrospinal fluid. skeletal muscle. fat stores. cerebral tissue.
cerebrospinal fluid.
A set fee that an insurance plan requires that patients pay at the time of service (per office visit or prescription) is the copayment. deductible. premium. coinsurance.
copayment.
Because of a heavy course load and a demanding job, Olivia has been under severe stress this academic year. Which of the following hormones might play a role in increasing Olivia's level of abdominal fat? testosterone cortisol estrogen epinephrine
cortisol
Paul studies mortality rates in infants of various ethnicities. He studies their a. death rates. b. accident rates. c. illness rates. d. chronic disease rates.
death rates
Most private health insurance plans require the patient to a pay a certain amount each year toward health care expenses before the plan benefits begin; this amount is the deductible. coinsurance. copayment. premium.
deductible.
Over-the-counter drugs are commonly used for all of the following EXCEPT weight loss. diabetes. allergies. sleep problems.
diabetes
One of the keys to eating well in college is to never eat meals out. eat a complete breakfast. only eat salad. avoid all fats.
eat a complete breakfast.
Keith is having a complete fitness evaluation done at a health center. One of the measurements being taken is how much energy he expends while jogging on a treadmill, which is his calorie intake. exercise metabolic rate. basal metabolic rate. resting metabolic rate.
exercise metabolic rate.
Anabelle has been having trouble getting off to sleep. If she tries a sleeping pill, she is likely to be able to fall asleep immediately. experience daytime drowsiness. boost her duration of sleep by at least a full hour. have better results with a melatonin supplement than a prescription sleep aid.
experience daytime drowsiness.
Treatment approaches for college students who develop drug addictions include all of the following approaches EXCEPT private therapy. nutrition counseling. group therapy. extrasensory perception therapy.
extrasensory perception therapy
John has not been feeling well. He is constantly tired and feels bloated. His blood pressure is low and at times his vision is blurred. Which two symptoms does John have that are characteristic of diabetes? fatigue and blurred vision bloating and blurred vision low blood pressure and bloating low blood pressure and fatigue
fatigue and blurred vision
Many men are reluctant to have a vasectomy because of the long recovery period required. general anesthetic used. fear of decreased sexual performance. major surgery involved.
fear of decreased sexual performance.
Emotional health can best be described as being able to feel and express emotions appropriately. maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships. adapt to various social situations. think clearly, without emotional influence.
feel and express emotions appropriately.
Michael and Jill live together and are planning to marry once they graduate from college. They also would both like to have children-but not right away. Michael has a history of genital herpes and is concerned about not transmitting this infection to Jill. Of the following methods of contraception, which might be the BEST choice for them? female condoms withdrawal a fertility awareness method female or male sterilization
female condoms
Effective health promotion programs have the most measurable results when implemented in schools. don't attempt to change individual attitudes about health. focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health. focus on improving selected negative behaviors.
focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health.
Differences in cancer mortality among specific populations are an example of biological determinants. medical malpractice. risk behaviors. health disparities.
health disparities.
Working in his yard on a very hot summer day, Eugene begins to experience nausea, headache, dizziness, and faintness. Despite sweating and feeling hot, he notices that his skin is cool and he has the chills. Eugene could be suffering from heat exhaustion. heatstroke. heat cramps. heat fatigue.
heat exhaustion
Ray went on a missionary trip to a developing country. While there, he enjoyed a wide range of locally prepared foods. He had to return home when he contracted hepatitis. Ray most likely has hepatitis A. hepatitis C. hepatitis D. hepatitis B.
hepatitis A
Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by high blood proteins. low blood pressure. high blood glucose. high blood fats.
high blood glucose
Tomi cooked a vegetarian stir-fry for dinner. He included slices of shallots, red pepper, carrots, spinach, and brown rice. This meal is rich in phytochemicals. saturated fats. legumes. calcium.
phytochemicals.
Which diagnostic test produces a three-dimensional image of the heart as blood flows through it? positron emission tomography computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging angiography
positron emission tomography
Which phase of the cycle of violence is called the "honeymoon period" because the batterer may act apologetic and promise to change? acute battering remorse/reconciliation retaliation tension building
remorse/reconciliation
During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by sensors and electrodes. nurses on the night shift. imaging equipment. full-time sleep specialists.
sensors and electrodes.
Which of the following is a female sterilization procedure that involves tying off or cauterizing certain structures of the reproductive system? vasectomy hysterectomy tubal ligation suction curettage
tubal ligation
The reduction in alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to an increased number of rehabilitation facilities. less restrictive enforcement of laws in some states. a decreased drinking age in many states. zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.
zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age
Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregnancy? Exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first. All exercise should be avoided because it is harmful to the developing fetus. Weight gain during pregnancy is unhealthy for the baby. Vitamin supplements can make up for a less-than-balanced diet.
Exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first.
A disabled person can never achieve the highest level of wellness. True or False
False
College students tend to underestimate the extent of drug use on campus. True False
False
Deep breathing is a technique used in yoga but not in other mind-body practices. True False
False
Dietary supplements containing ephedra have dangerous side effects, but are effective in helping people lose weight and keep it off. True False
False
In a stress test, a patient receives an injection of a stimulant, and an ECG records the heart's response to the drug. True False
False
Interspecies transmission of infectious disease does not occur. True False
False
It is not physiologically possible to drink too much water. True False
False
Lung cancer is the only form of cancer conclusively linked to smoking. True False
False
Which of the following statements about the amino acid tryptophan is true? Foods high in tryptophan should not be eaten on an empty stomach. Foods high in tryptophan are associated with poor sleep. Peanut butter, bananas, milk, yogurt, and eggs are among the foods high in tryptophan. A meal containing foods high in tyramine and low in tryptophan should be eaten within an hour of bedtime to encourage sleep.
Peanut butter, bananas, milk, yogurt, and eggs are among the foods high in tryptophan.
All U.S. patients have the legal right to access their medical records. True False
True
The excessive use of a drug is tolerance. abuse. dependence. misuse.
abuse
Judy is confident in her ability to meet her weight-loss goal. When she notices herself overeating, she makes a plan and takes action to get her diet back on track. Judy is in a state of readiness to change. relies on social support. exhibits self-efficacy. has self-control.
exhibits self-efficacy.
Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm. has a unipolar mood disorder that decreases his sleep needs. is inaccurate in recalling how much sleep he gets. drinks four or more caffeinated beverages per day.
has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm.
Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage? having a strong cervix too much caffeine consuming a vegetarian diet maternal infection or hormone imbalance
maternal infection or hormone imbalance
The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include passive and calm behavior. abnormally large head size. mental retardation. Down's syndrome.
mental retardation.
A sense of being overwhelmed by perceived obligations to stay connected online is cyberstress. technostress. media stress. wikistress.
technostress
What is the difference between a portion and a serving? A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat. A serving amount is half the size of a portion. A serving amount is twice the size of a portion. A serving is the amount you choose to eat, and a portion is the recommended amount to be consumed.
A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.
Edna lives in a nursing home. She has been taking antibiotics for both pneumonia and recurring urinary tract infections. This morning she awoke with a fever, watery diarrhea, and nausea. Which of the following infectious diseases is Edna MOST likely to have? necrotizing fasciitis Powassan virus variant Creutzfeld-Jakob disease Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile
Which of the following is FALSE about hypothermia? It may produce poor judgment, apathy, and amnesia. It is caused by prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit. In early stages it causes shivering. It is a potentially fatal condition from abnormally low body temperature.
It is caused by prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal? Drink less alcohol. Stop drinking alcohol. Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night. Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 6 or more drinks per night to 1 drink per night.
Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night.
Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks? They typically last for 5 to 10 minutes. About 2 percent of college students report having been diagnosed or treated for panic attacks. They typically come on gradually. They can lead to social isolation.
They can lead to social isolation.
Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health? They affect her physical health only. They affect her physical and emotional health only. They affect her health only if she has a family history of health problems related to obesity. They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.
They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.
You woke up this morning with the worst headache of your life, and you feel nauseated. Your neck feels so stiff that you can hardly nod your head. Your roommate says your skin is very hot and you probably have a fever. Which of the following statements is TRUE? You are experiencing an aura associated with a migraine headache and your roommate should allow you to turn off all the lights. You studied so much last night that you developed a tension headache. Your roommate should let you rest. You have signs of meningitis. Both you and your roommate should go to the health clinic immediately. You drank too much and your roommate should make you quit whining and get out of bed.
You have signs of meningitis. Both you and your roommate should go to the health clinic immediately
During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans. chicken and turkey. steak and pork. low-fat milk and yogurt.
dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans.
An awareness of what others might be going through is called empathy. openness. extroversion. self-awareness.
empathy
To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful? a regimen of "energy-boosting" supplements getting more sleep and "down time" increasing alcohol intake to promote relaxation broadening one's social support system
getting more sleep and "down time"
All of the following are true with respect to generic drugs EXCEPT that they contain the same active ingredients as their brand name counterpart. are sold under a chemical name instead of a brand name. have the same inactive ingredients as their brand name counterpart. are generally less expensive than brand name drugs.
have the same inactive ingredients as their brand name counterpart.
The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of satisfaction. fitness. recovery. health.
health
Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to set an ambitious goal and chart daily and weekly progress using online tools. depend on his friends to keep him away from his favorite fast-food restaurants. make weekly resolutions for how many times to work out and chastise himself if he hasn't accomplished his planned goal. set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.
set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.
Miranda plays on the lacrosse team and knows that increasing her aerobic capacity will help her on the field. To determine her current aerobic capacity, the team's trainer will conduct a test in which Miranda will run on a treadmill for a designated time while measurements are taken. What will the measure of her aerobic capacity show? the electrical activity in her heart while exercising the volume of oxygen her muscles consume during exercise the capacity her lungs have for expansion if she trains harder her rate of respiration while under stress
the volume of oxygen her muscles consume during exercise