Health Ch. 3 Vocab.

blood pooling

a condtion, following exercise, in which blood collects in the large veins of the legs and lower body, especially when the exercise is stopped abruptly

physical activity zealot

a person who is addicted to a physical activity or exercise program

warm-up

a variety of low-intensity activies that are designed to prepare your body for moderate to vigorous activities

active warm-up

a warm-up that attempts to raise the body temperature by actively involving the muscular, skeletal and cardiovascular systems

passive warm-up

a warm-up that raises the body temperature using outside heat sources such as blankets and hot baths

muscle/skeletal warm-up

a warm-up that usually involves a series of static body stretches

personal fitness prescription

an exercise of physical activity plan that includes frequency, intensity, time/duration, mode and other factors

overuse injury

an injury caused by doing too much, too soon, too often in an exercise program

overtraining

being too active or exercisinf too musch; leads to overuse injuries and addictive behaviors

conditioning

engaging in regular physical activity or exercise that results in an important and improved state of physical fitness

perceived exertion

how hard a person feels he or she is working during physical activity or exercise

intensity

in a personal fitness prescription, how hard you work

frequency

in a personal fitness prescription, how often you work

time/duration

in a personal fitness prescription, the length of time you work

acute

occuring over a short time

chronic

occuring over an extended time

specificity principle

states that improvements in your personal fitness will occur in the particular muscles that you overload during physical activity or exercise

overload principle

states that to improve your level of physical fitness, you must increase the amount of activity or exercise that you normally do

static body stretches

stretches that are done slowly, smoothly and in a sustained fashion

talk test

test that uses a person's ease or difficulty in carryng on a converstation while engages in physical activity to measure exercise intensity

dose

the amount of frequency of an activity or substance

plateau effect

the leveling off of physical fitness improvement in a personal fitness program

detraining

the loss of health and fitness benefits when a personal fitness program is stopped

maximum heart rate

the maximum number of times your heart can beat in a minute

heart rate

the number of times your heart can beat in a minute

trainability

the rate at which a person improves personal fitness following physical activity; determined by genetic makeup

progression principle

the rate at which you change FIT of your personal fitness prescription

FIT

the three components of the overload principle- frequency, intensity and time/duration

mode

the type of activity or exercise you do in a personal fitness prescription

cross train

to vary activities and exercises from day to day to prevent detraining, especially after an injury