Health ch.20 Tobacco Quiz

tar

A thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns

Addictive drug

a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence

Describe the purpose of Healthy People 2010.

In fact, one of the goals of Healthy People 2020 is to reduce tobacco use and the number of tobacco-related deaths.

Which substances do people often use to relieve the sYmptoms of nicotine withdrawal?

Nicotine substitutes

Which physical symptom 'do people often experience when they stop using tobacco?

Nicotine withdrawal

Carcinogen

a cancer-causing substance

Explain the difference between mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke.

Of the two, sidestream smoke is more dangerous. Because mainstream smoke has already passed through a smoker's lungs, it contains lower concentrations of nicotine, tar, and other harmful chemicals.

Carbon monoxide

a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas

List four strategies for people who want to quit using tobacco.

Prepare for the quit day. Get support and encouragement. Tell everyone you know about your plan to quit. Access professional health services. Talk to a doctor, join a support group, or enroll in a tobacco cessation program. Replace tobacco use with healthy behaviors. Substitute sugarless gum or carrots for tobacco until your cravings pass.

Stimulant

a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs

List three other consequences of tobacco use.

Tobacco use has other costs in addition to its health risks. Some of these costs are measured in dollars. A person smoking one pack of cigarettes a day will spend about $3,561 a year on the habit. For minors, tobacco use can have legal consequences as well. Students who use tobacco products on school property risk being suspended or expelled.

Identify the short term and long term benefits of living tobacco-free.

Short term =Performing better at sports or fitness activities. Avoiding smoker's breath, yellow teeth and fingers, and having a tobacco smell. Retaining your sense of taste and smell. Long term= Maintaining heart and lung health throughout your lifetime. Reducing the appearance of wrinkles that age a person. Saving money that would be spent buying tobacco products.

Decade

a group or set of ten.

List four factors that have contributed to a reduced number of high school students who use tobacco products.

Tobacco legislation. It is illegal for anyone under the age of 18 to purchase and use tobacco products in the United States. No-smoking policies. Legislation has limited smoking in public places and businesses. Family values. Teens whose parents avoid tobacco are more likely to abstain from tobacco use themselves. Positive peer pressure. Teens who do not smoke act as healthy role models for other teens. Understanding of health risks.

List four short-term effects of tobacco use.

1)Brain chemistry changes. The addictive properties of nicotine cause the body to crave more of the drug. 2)Respiration and heart rate increase. Breathing during physical activity becomes difficult, and endurance decreases. 3)The sense of taste is dulled and appetite decreases. Tobacco users often lose much of their ability to enjoy food. 4) Users have bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair, skin, and clothes. If tobacco use continues for any length of time, these unattractive effects can become permanent.

List five health problems Caused by long-term tobacco use.

Chronic bronchitis. Over time, tobacco use can damage the cilia in the bronchi until they become useless. Emphysema. Tobacco smoke destroys the tiny air sacs in the lungs. They become less elastic, making it difficult for the lungs to absorb oxygen. Lung cancer. When the cilia in the bronchi have been destroyed, the lungs cannot expel excess mucus. As a result, cancerous cells can multiply, block the bronchi, and move to the lungs. Coronary heart disease and stroke. Nicotine contracts the blood vessels, cutting down blood flow to the body's limbs. Weakened immune system. Long-term tobacco use weakens the immune system, leaving the body more vulnerable to disease.

Identify some of the evidence to support the claim that pipes and cigars are just as dangerous, if not more so, than cigarettes.

Cigars, for example, contain significantly more nicotine than cigarettes and also produce more tar and carbon monoxide. A single cigar can contain as much nicotine as an entire pack of cigarettes. Pipe and cigar smokers are at an increased risk for cancers of the lips, mouth, throat, larynx, lungs, and esophagus.

List some strategies you can use to reduce the effects of ETS in your home.

If a family member smokes, encourage that person to quit. Meanwhile, try to establish smoke-free areas in the house, or make a rule that smokers must go outside. If this is not always possible, air cleaners can help remove some contaminants from the air. Opening windows to admit fresh air will also help. If you have a visitor who smokes, politely ask that person not to smoke inside your home. When you visit the home of a smoker, try to stay outside or in a different room as much as possible. You can also ask to open the windows to let in fresh air. If the smoker is someone other than your friend, you can suggest meeting elsewhere, such as in your home or at a library. In restaurants and other public places, ask to sit in a nonsmoking area. Wherever you can, express your preference for a smoke-free environment.

Identify some effects of ETS on nonsmokers.

Inhaling ETS is a serious health risk. ETS from cigarettes, cigars, and pipes contains more than 7,000 chemical compounds. More than 70 of these are carcinogens (cancer-causing substances). Secondhand smoke causes about 3,400 deaths from lung cancer every year. Some studies show that infants and young children who are exposed to ETS are more likely to develop asthma than their peers. ETS also causes eye irritation, headaches, ear infections, and coughing in people of all ages. It worsens asthma and other respiratory problems, and it increases the risk of coronary heart disease.

Identify three actions that have aided efforts to curb smoking . in public places ..

Many states now prohibit smoking in any workplace. Advertisements aimed at young people encourage them not to smoke. Public service announcements encourage parents not to smoke near their children. Laws now prohibit the sale of tobacco to minors. In addition, some states have successfully sued tobacco companies. Finally, community activities that promote a healthy lifestyle give everyone the chance to be a role model for avoiding tobacco use.

Identity some reasons for tobacco use among teens.

Many times, teens are influenced to try tobacco products by movies, TV, and advertisements. Media images may convince teens that tobacco use is glamorous. Some teens falsely believe that smoking will help them control their weight or cope with stress. Others think that smoking will make them seem mature and independent.

List 3 toxic substances found in tobacco products and briefly describe how each one affects the body.

Nicotine - Causes changes in the brain that make tobacco addictive. Nicotine is a stimulant that raises blood pressure and increases the heart rate. Tar - The tar in tobacco smoke damages a smoker's respiratory system in several ways. It paralyzes and destroys cilia, the tiny hairlike structures that line the upper airways and protect the body against infection. carbon monoxide - Carbon monoxide is another poison found in cigarette smoke. The body absorbs this gas more easily than oxygen. Exposure to carbon dioxide starves the body's cells and tissues of oxygen.

Explain how nicotine and carbon monoxide can be dangerous to a mother and her fetus.

Smoking during pregnancy can seriously harm a developing fetus. Nicotine passes through the placenta, constricting the blood vessels of the fetus. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the blood of the mother and fetus. This can reduce fetal growth and increase the risk of miscarriage, prenatal death, premature delivery, low birth weight, deformities, and stillbirths. The risks of smoking during pregnancy do not end when the baby is born. The infant may also suffer from growth and developmental problems in early childhood. Babies of mothers who smoked during pregnancy or who are exposed to ETS are more likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). In addition, infants exposed to ETS after birth are twice as likely to die of SIDS. They may also have severe asthma attacks, ear infections, or respiratory tract infections.

List three strategies that will help you avoid tobacco use.

Surround yourself with positive influences. Choose friends who do not use tobacco. Reduce peer pressure. Stay away from situations where tobacco products may be used. Be prepared with refusal skills. Practice in advance what you will say if someone offers you tobacco.

Describe some of the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal may include irritability, difficulty concentrating, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and cravings for tobacco.

Nicotine

The addictive drug found in tobacco leaves

Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)

second hand smoke. Air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke

Mainstream smoke

the smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker

Sidestream smoke

the smoke from the burning end of a cig, cigar, or pipe

Leukoplakia

thickened, white, leathery spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral Cancer.

Which is a course that provides information and help to people who want to stop using tobacco?

tobacco cessation program

Smokeless tobacco

tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed