Health: Unit 4 - Nutrition
__________ of physical activity a day is recommended.
1 hour
One consequence of binge eating disorder is weight loss. (True/False)
False
Peer pressure is not a factor that influences teens' body images. (True/False)
False
Taking diet pills is not a healthful way for most people to lose weight. (True/False)
False
The body can make minerals. (True/False)
False
The energy you need and receive from from food is measured in nutrients. (True/False)
False
The psychological desire for food is referred to as hunger. (True/False)
False
__________ is part of red blood cells, aid in energy use, and supports the immune system.
Iron
The psychological desire for food __________.
appetite
An individual following which of these eating plans is most likely to need to supplement his or her eating plan with vitamin B12? (a. a low-salt eating plan) (b. a vegetarian eating plan) (c. a low-cholesterol eating plan) (d. a gluten-free eating plan)
b
Body mass index is a measure of body weight relative to (a. age) (b. height) (c. gender) (d. rate of growth)
b
The energy provided by food is (a. measured in units of mass called calories) (b. needed by teens for growth and activity) (c. excreted in urine if not used by the body) (d. one of the nutrients needed by the body)
b
Caffein is a substance that eliminates __________ from your body.
water
Major nutrient that is needed in large amounts. (fiber/fat/water/grains/milk)
water
A repeated pattern of losing and regaining body weight is called __________.
weight-cycling
Trans fats are the __________ types of fat.
worst
Proteins are slower than carbs at supplying __________.
energy
The body can't create __________ proteins.
essential
__________ are very large amounts.
megadoses
The process by which the body breaks down substances and gets energy from food is called __________.
metabolism
Basic food group that is a good source of calcium. (fiber/fat/water/grains/milk)
milk
Elements found in food that are used by the body are called __________.
minerals
Nutrients that the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues are called __________.
proteins
__________ are the worst types of fat.
Trans fats
A symptom of anorexia nervosa is being underweight. (True/False)
True
Eating plenty of foods rich in calcium can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis. (True/False)
True
Factors that can influence food choices include emotions. (True/False)
True
Food sensitivity includes food allergy and food intolerance. (True/False)
True
Foods labeled healthy cannot contain genetically modified ingredients. (True/False)
True
Heart disease and gallbladder disease are health risks associated with being overweight. (True/False)
True
Intentional vomiting is a symptom of bulimia nervosa. (True/False)
True
Males and females have different nutritional needs. (True/False)
True
Multivitamins can cause birth defects during pregnancy. (True/False)
True
Regular physical activity does help maintain a healthful weight. (True/False)
True
The more active you are, the more calories your body needs. (True/False)
True
Weight cycling is a pattern of repeated weight gain and loss. (True/False)
True
__________ aren't stored. Unused amounts are removed by the kidneys.
Vitamins
Nutrient needed for almost every body function. (nutrient/protein/water/fruits/eggs)
Water
__________ produces energy and promotes healthy bones.
Phosphorus
__________ of total daily water intake comes from the foods you eat.
20%
Vitamin __________ is fat soluble and repairs bones and tissues.
A
__________ is an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves.
Anorexia nervosa
Vitamin __________, a.k.a. Thiamine, helps the body use carbs for energy.
B
Health condition that requires careful monitoring of blood sugar levels. (diabetes/lactose intolerance/celiac disease/high blood pressure/high cholesterol)
Diabetes
__________ is an eating disorder in which people overeat compulsively.
Binge eating disorder
__________ is an eating disorder that involves cycle of overeating and purging, or attempts to rid the body of food.
Bulimia nervosa
Vitamin __________, a.k.a. ascorbic acid, helps protect against infections, promotes healthy bones and blood vessels, and forms connective tissues.
C
__________ forms bones and teeth, assist with blood clotting, muscle, and nerve function.
Calcium
__________ are the most important energy source for the body.
Carbohydrates
__________ is the name of the disease for gluten intolerance.
Celiac Disease
Health condition that results in difficulty tolerating what, rye, and barley. (diabetes/lactose intolerance/celiac disease/high blood pressure/high cholesterol)
Celiac disease
__________ are more complex chemical structures with three+ sugars linked together.
Complex Carbohydrates
Vitamin __________, a.k.a. Calfigerol, helps the body use calcium and phosphorus for building bones as well as cell growth.
D
A set of recommendations about smart eating and physical activity for all Americans is called __________.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Vitamin __________ protects cell from damage, aids in blood flow, and repairs body tissues.
E
Body Types: __________ - small frame + bone structure
Ectomorph
One of the most common causes of food allergies. (nutrient/protein/water/fruits/eggs)
Eggs
Body Types: __________ - solid/round body type, gains fat easily, stock round physique
Endomorph
A type of carbohydrate that your body needs but cannot digest is starch. (True/False)
False
A vegetarian eating plan includes mostly animal-based foods. (True/False)
False
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that involves cycles of overeating. (True/False)
False
Bacteria and viruses are responsible for most cases of food intolerance. (True/False)
False
Eating disorders can be overcome by using willpower. (True/False)
False
Eating plenty of calcium-rich foods can reduce the risk of stroke. (True/False)
False
Fad diets are a healthful way to manage weight. (True/False)
False
Most cases of foodborne illness are caused by allergens in foods. (True/False)
False
Nutrients that provide energy include carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins. (True/False)
False
Food Labels: __________ means none or an insignificant amount.
Free
One of the five major food groups in MyPyramid. (nutrient/protein/water/fruits/eggs)
Fruits
The __________ measures how high and how quickly blood glucose levels change after eating carbohydrates.
Glycemic Index
Food Labels: __________ means it provides 10-19% of daily value for a nutrient.
Good Source of
Food Labels: __________ means it provides at least 20% of daily value for a nutrient.
High
Health condition that is affected by salt intake. (diabetes/lactose intolerance/celiac disease/high blood pressure/high cholesterol)
High blood pressure
Health condition that may require reduced intake of saturated and trans fats.
High cholesterol
Vitamin __________ helps with blood clotting and bone formation.
K
Health condition that involves difficulty digesting dairy products. (diabetes/lactose intolerance/celiac disease/high blood pressure/high cholesterol)
Lactose intolerance
Food Labels: __________ means it contains 1/3 of original amount
Light
Food Labels: __________ means can eat regularly without exceeding daily limit.
Low
__________ maintains muscle and nerve functions, sustains regular heartbeat, and aids in bone growth.
Magnesium
Body Types: __________ - naturally athletic, gains muscle easily
Mesomorph
__________ is an interactive guide to healthful eating and active living.
MyPyramid
__________ proteins are created in the body.
Nonessential
Any substance in food that the body needs. (nutrient/protein/water/fruits/eggs)
Nutrient
Basic building material of all the body's cells. (nutrient/protein/water/fruits/eggs)
Protein
__________ are slower than carbs at supplying energy.
Proteins
A word meaning "directed toward the mind" is called __________.
Psychological
Food Labels: __________ means food contains 25% less nutrients
Reduced
__________ are composed of sugars which have chemical structures of only one or two sugars. They are easily and quickly utilized for energy.
Simple Carbohydrates
Drugs that counter immune system reactions are sometimes prescribed for food allergies but not food intolerances. This is most likely because food intolerances (a. do not involve the immune system) (b. are not very common) (c. do not cause pain) (d. are always mild)
a
If Juan usually overeats at his grandmother's house on holidays, which factors are most likely influencing his food choices on those days? (a. family and culture) (b. hunger and emotions) (c. nutritions and calories) (d. depression and loneliness)
a
The number of calories that you can eat each day without gaining weight depends on your (a. activity level) (b. hunger) (c. environment) (d. appetite)
a
Weakness, trouble concentrating, and difficulty fighting disease are health risks associated with (a. being underweight) (b. being at a healthful weight) (c. being overweight) (d. being obese)
a
Eating a huge amount of food in a single sitting are called __________.
binges
The way you see your body is called __________.
body image
A __________ (__________) is a measure of body weight relative to height.
body mass index, BMI
A disease associated with unhealthful weight gain is (a. osteoporosis) (b. food allergy) (c. type 2 diabetes) (d. lactose intolerance)
c
A friend has expressed dissatisfaction with her body. Which of the following actions most likely have a positive impact on your friend's body image? (a. look at fashion magazines) (b. try on clothes at the mall) (c. take a bike ride) (d. watch the latest teen movie)
c
If individuals increase their muscle mass, the number of calories they burn while they rest will (a. decrease slightly) (b. decrease greatly) (c. increase) (d. stay the same)
c
Jana's doctor said that she should eat more fiber. Which three types of foods would provide Jana with the most fiber? (a. milk, cheese, and yogurt) (b. meat, fish, and poultry) (c. fruits, vegetables, and grains) (d. oils, fats, and fatty acids)
c
To help ensure food safety, you should always (a. keep your freezer set at 40 degrees F) (b. keep your refrigerator well packed) (c. discard food that sits out for two hours) (d. thaw frozen foods at room temperature)
c
Which combination of vegetables best illustrates the dietary recommendation to "vary your veggies?" (a. broccoli and spinach) (b. spinach and kale) (c. kale and carrots) (d. carrots and winter squash)
c
A unit of head used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food is called a __________.
calorie
Starches and sugars found in foods which provide your body's main source of energy are __________.
carbohydrates
A waxy, fat-like substance is called __________.
cholesterol
The spreading of pathogens from one food to another is called __________.
cross-contamination
A person who burns more calories than he or she consumes will (a. become obese) (b. gain weight) (c. maintain their weight) (d. lose weight)
d
It is more dangerous to consume large amounts of vitamin E than vitamin C because excess vitamin E (a. passes easily into the blood) (b. is stored in the blood) (c. is removed by the kidneys) (d. builds up in the body)
d
The most dangerous type of allergic reaction to food is (a. food intolerance) (b. foodborne illness) (c. food poisoning) (d. anaphylaxis)
d
__________ are products that supply one or more nutrients as a supplement to, not a substitute for, healthful foods.
dietary supplements
A __________ is a product/drug that increases the amount of urine excreted.
diuretic
Extreme, harmful eating behaviors that can cause serious illness or even death are __________.
eating disorders
An __________ is a nutrient that becomes electrically charged when in a solution.
electrolyte
Weight-loss plans that tend to be popular for only a short time are called __________.
fad diets
One of three major nutrients that provide energy. (fiber/fat/water/grains/milk)
fat
One of three types of carbohydrates. (fiber/fat/water/grains/milk)
fiber
Tough complex carbohydrates that the body cannot digest is called __________.
fiber
__________ are substances added to a food to produce a desired effect.
food additives
A condition in which the body's immune system reacts to substances in some foods is called a __________.
food allergy
A negative reaction to food that doesn't involve the immune system is called a __________.
food intolerance
A __________ is another name for food poisoning.
foodborne illness
The digestive system changes carbohydrates into __________ (blood sugar).
glucose
Basic food group that includes rice and bread. (fiber/fat/water/grains/milk)
grains
Eating unsaturated fats in moderate amounts can reduce risk of __________.
heart disease
__________ are dietary supplements containing plant extracts.
herbal supplements
People with __________ have to control the amount of salt that they eat.
high blood pressure
People with __________ have to have reduced amounts of saturated fats and trans fats.
high cholesterol
Fats can also lead to __________ and __________.
high cholesterol, heart disease
The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for food is called __________.
hunger
Eating too many saturated fats may __________ risk of __________.
increase, heart disease
Vitamins aren't stored. Unused amounts are removed by the __________.
kidneys
Unsaturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
liquid
The two types of proteins are __________ and __________.
nonessential, essential
Foods having a high ratio of nutrients to calories are called __________.
nutrient-dense foods
Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy are called __________.
nutrients
The process by which your body takes in and uses food is called __________.
nutrition
Being __________ means having an excess of body fat.
obese
A condition in which the bone become fragile and break easily is called __________.
osteoporosis
Being __________ means being heavier than the standard weight range for your height.
overweight
Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens is called __________.
pasteurization
__________ are substances that boost athletic ability.
performance enhancers
Eating too many __________ may increase risk of heart disease.
saturated fats
Carbohydrates are separated into __________ (__________), __________ (__________), and __________.
simple carbs, sugar, complex carbs, fiber, starch
Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
solid
Being __________ means being below the standard weight range for your height.
underweight
Eating __________ in moderate amounts can reduce risk of heart disease.
unsaturated fats
A __________ is a person who eats mostly or only plant-based foods.
vegetarian
To form a mental image of or __________.
visualize
Compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes are called __________.
vitamins
All of the body cells contain __________.
water