HESI A2 2023
|7|+|−2| = ____ Note: This problem shows the number -2 within an absolute value sign, not the number -21. A. 9 B. 5 C. 0 D. 14
A. 9 9 is the correct answer because the brackets around the numbers mean you are adding the absolute value of those numbers. The absolute value of a number is always positive, so: The absolute value of 7 is 7.The absolute value of -2 is 2.Therefore, the problem becomes: 7 + 2 = 9. Note: You will not do anything to signs outside the absolute value brackets, only those within them. (Absolute value brackets do not operate by the same rules as parentheses in math.)
Who discovered the special theory of relativity? A. Albert Einstein B. Max Plank C. James Chadwick D. Alfred Nobel
A. Albert Einstein The theory of relativity is one of physics' most famous theories and was proposed by Albert Einstein.
Which blood type is considered the universal donor? A. O- B. O+ C. AB- D. AB+
A. O- O- blood lacks both A and B antigens and the Rh factor, making it the only blood type that can donate to everyone. Note the correct use of the terms antibody and antigen: O- is the best donor because it does not have A, B or Rh antigens. AB+ is the universal receiver because it does not have A, B or Rh antibodies.
What is the correct way to write the missing words in this sentence? The children learned that the ____ is sometimes considered a turning point of the war. A. Siege of Vicksburg B. siege of vicksburg C. siege of Vicksburg D. Siege Of Vicksburg
A. Siege of Vicksburg The Siege of Vicksburg was a battle in the American Civil War and it is considered a proper noun. Proper nouns are people, places, organizations, and sometimes things and they must be capitalized. Prepositions (words like as, at, by, for, in, of, on, per, and to), are not typically capitalized unless they begin a sentence.
Which of these statements cannot be inferred from the attached passage? An allergy is defined as an "immunological hypersensitivity to a specific external stimulus" or, simply put, an exaggerated response of the immune system to a substance that is foreign to the body. Patients with allergies are called "atopic" or, more popularly, "allergic". The diagnosis of an allergy is mainly clinical and it can be aided by skin allergy tests and laboratory examinations. Skin allergy tests are fast, practical, and can be done in an allergy and immunology provider's office. While skin tests are generally sufficient to confirm a diagnosis, doctors may also request complementary laboratory studies for further confirmation. These blood tests may diagnose an increase in white blood cells or antibodies for common allergy triggers, such as pet dander, grasses, and molds. Blood tests may help confirm or exclude the possibility of an allergy and, consequently, reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary medication. A correct diagnosis, along with proper treatment based on the valid results of allergy tests, will help reduce or eliminate the incidence of symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life. A. Skin tests are the most accurate way to confirm an allergy test. B. It would be wise to seek a correct diagnosis and treatment of allergies. C. Giving medicine for an allergy that does not exist can be harmful. D. The term allergic is used more than atopic when referring to people with allergies
A. Skin tests are the most accurate way to confirm an allergy test. While the text mentions that skin tests are "generally sufficient" to confirm an allergy, further detailed testing is sometimes needed for confirmation. The other answer choices are not specifically stated in the passage, but you can infer them from information that is given by the author.
Which is not true of synovial joints? A. They are found in the intervertebral discs of the spinal column B. They have a fluid-filled capsule that surrounds their articulating surface C. They are the most common joint in the body D. They are the most moveable joint type in the body
A. They are found in the intervertebral discs of the spinal column Instead of a synovial joint, the intervertebral discs of the spinal column form a fibrocartilaginous joint, which allows slight movement of the vertebrae of the spine.
Which of these is not mentioned in the accompanying text? A quantitative descriptive study focused on the attitudes of nurses towards chronic pain found in the cancer patient population. The study sample was composed of 93 nurses from three hospitals with an average age of 30.54 years. Of these, 45.2% had a bachelor's degree. Throughout their professional careers, 91.4% of the nurses said they had acquired training in the assessment and treatment of pain. A small percentage, 18.3%, acquired this training through postgraduate studies or equivalent. However, 76.5% of these nurses found their training insufficient and experienced difficulties in the assessment of chronic pain in cancer patients. The study concluded that many nurses have little knowledge about cancer-related pain in the areas of pain assessment, pain management, psychological pain, spiritual pain, and the side effects of analgesic therapy. The results suggest the need for more training in the area of pain and pain assessment in this population. A. This study was influenced by independent variables. B. More than 30% of the nurses that participated in the study have a bachelor's degree. C. Nurses need more training in the area of pain. D. A small percentage of nurses acquired their training through postgraduate studies.
A. This study was influenced by independent variables. Independent variables were not mentioned in this passage. The idea that nurses need more training in the area of pain and the statistics about the number of nurses who acquired their training through postgraduate studies and the number of nurses in the study who have a bachelor's degree were explicitly stated.
To what does the word salpingo refer? A. a tube B. the spleen C. an artery D. a bone
A. a tube The word salpingo is used with other words in medicine to refer to something associated with a tube, usually the fallopian tubes. It is not used with reference to the spleen, an artery (blood vessel), or a bone.
Worms lack which of these? A. eyes and ears B. brain and ears C. eyes and brain D. nose and brain
A. eyes and ears Worms lack eyes, ears, and a nose, but they do have brains.
Which of these elements is liquid at room temperature? A. mercury B. zinc C. manganese D. magnesium
A. mercury Mercury is the only one of the elements listed here that is liquid at room temperature. The element bromine also has this property.
Which organelle is responsible for generating ATP that is used for chemical energy? A. mitochondria B. Golgi apparatus C. vesicle D. ribosome
A. mitochondria The mitochondrion is often referred to as the "power plant" of the cell because it generates ATP, the cell's source of chemical energy.
Where is the hyoid bone located? A. neck B. pelvis C. rib cage D. leg
A. neck The hyoid bone is located between the chin and thyroid cartilage.
What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust? A. oxygen B. carbon C. hydrogen D. nitrogen
A. oxygen Oxygen makes up about 47% of the Earth's crust, followed by silicon at 28%, aluminum at 8%, iron at 5%, calcium at 4%, and sodium and potassium, each at 3%.
Referring to the attached passage, what is the name of the disease characterized by a high number of red blood cells? A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram. The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased. The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values. The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency. A. polycythemia B. thrombocytopenia C. anemia D. This condition was not mentioned in this passage.
A. polycythemia The text states that a person may be diagnosed with polycythemia if his or her red blood cells counts are increased.
What is the longest muscle in the human body? A. sartorius B. vastus medialis C. vastus lateralis D. adductor longus
A. sartorius The longest muscle in the human body is the sartorius muscle, which is located in the anterior thigh.
A subatomic particle is ____ in relation to an atom. A. smaller B. denser C. faster D. bigger
A. smaller Subatomic particles (which include neutrons, protons, and electrons) are much smaller than atoms.
What is the simple predicate in this sentence? Heather never speaks to her anymore. A. speaks B. never C. her D. Heather
A. speaks A simple predicate is the verb in the sentence—an action word. The word never describes the verb, Heather is the subject, and her is a pronoun.
Positive feedback is a mechanism used by the body that results in amplification or enhancement of a signal that has already been activated. An example of this would be ____. A. the release of oxytocin to increase contractions during childbirth B. shivering to increase temperature C. slowing metabolism in response to starvation D. blood vessels regulating blood pressure
A. the release of oxytocin to increase contractions during childbirth Contractions in childbirth are considered a positive feedback loop because each contraction stimulates the brain to release more oxytocin, which in turn stimulates more contractions.
Which of these statements is true with regard to eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A. Prokaryotic cells can contain lysosomes B. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria C. Prokaryotic cells can contain lysosomes and eukaryotic cells have mitochondria D. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus
B. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria One of the major differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells contain organelles, such as mitochondria and lysosomes, whereas prokaryotic cells do not.
What is the main conclusion you can draw from the accompanying text? A quantitative descriptive study focused on the attitudes of nurses towards chronic pain found in the cancer patient population. The study sample was composed of 93 nurses from three hospitals with an average age of 30.54 years. Of these, 45.2% had a bachelor's degree. Throughout their professional careers, 91.4% of the nurses said they had acquired training in the assessment and treatment of pain. A small percentage, 18.3%, acquired this training through postgraduate studies or equivalent. However, 76.5% of these nurses found their training insufficient and experienced difficulties in the assessment of chronic pain in cancer patients. The study concluded that many nurses have little knowledge about cancer-related pain in the areas of pain assessment, pain management, psychological pain, spiritual pain, and the side effects of analgesic therapy. The results suggest the need for more training in the area of pain and pain assessment in this population. A. Nurses are scared of chronic pain. B. Nurses need more training in order to take care of patients in pain. C. Nurses are completely prepared to take care of patients with chronic pain. D. Nurses can't deal with their patients' pain.
B. Nurses need more training in order to take care of patients in pain. The final sentence of the passage concludes that, "The results suggest the need for more training [of nurses] in the area of pain and pain assessment in this population."
Which punctuation mark would correctly fill in the blank space? After standing in the rain for nearly half an hour _____ Dawn decided she was not going to wait on Mike any longer. A. a colon B. a comma C. no punctuation necessary D. a semicolon
B. a comma A comma is the correct answer. In this sentence, the word "after" is a common starter word for the introductory clause and should be followed by a comma. A clause is a group of words that contain both a subject and a predicate and help to form a sentence. Other common starter words that require a comma after the introductory clause include when, while, although, and since.
Which of these is not a part of the body's chemical defense system against infection? A. lysozyme B. agranulocyte C. urine D. hydrochloric acid
B. agranulocyte Agranulocytes are a type of white blood cell and therefore are not a part of the body's chemical defense system.
The change in state from a gas to liquid is called ____. A. vaporization B. condensation C. evaporation D. deposition
B. condensation Condensation is the reverse of vaporization and can be observed when gas cools and becomes a liquid, such as when dew appears in the morning after the temperature drops at night.
What is the meaning of incision? A. fracture B. cut C. closure D. injection
B. cut The word incision is simply a longer word for cut. It does not mean closure (involving closing), injection (inserting with a needle), or fracture (a break).
Which of these is the best definition of the word distended? A. removed B. enlarged C. shrunken D. distracted
B. enlarged The word distended means enlarged, while shrunken means to be made smaller. Removed is the same as taken away and to be distracted means that one's thoughts are elsewhere.
According to the accompanying text, what are the names of the three basic blood cells? A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram. The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased. The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values. The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency. A. red blood cells, erythrocytes, and platelets B. leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes C. white blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets D. erythrograms, leukograms, and thrombograms
B. leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes The three basic blood cells are white blood cells (also called leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (also called erythrocytes).
According to the theory of the same name, after the "Big Bang" there were only what two things? A. space and time B. matter and antimatter C. neutrons and electrons D. mass and gravity
B. matter and antimatter The Big Bang Theory attempts to explain the origins of the universe. According to the theory, a "big bang" produced matter and antimatter in equal quantities.
Which one is the correct verb form to use in this sentence? My shower ___ a leak Friday night. A. spranged B. sprang C. sprung D. spring
B. sprang The action occurred in the past, therefore, sprang would be used because it is the simple past tense of the word spring. You would only use sprung if it was preceded by have, had, or has, as in "I noticed that my shower had sprung a leak."
When placed in a hypotonic solution, what will a cell do? A. shrink B. swell C. disintegrate D. remain the same
B. swell Water always moves from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration. A hypotonic solution contains less solutes and more water than the contents inside of the cell, so water will move from outside of the cell to inside, causing it to swell.
What would be considered the dependent clause in this sentence? "The students could finally see the bus, which was running 15 minutes behind schedule." A. could finally see the bus B. which was running 15 minutes behind schedule C. running 15 minutes behind schedule D. The students could finally see the bus
B. which was running 15 minutes behind schedule "which was running 15 minutes behind schedule" is correct. The dependent clause in a sentence is the part which cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and functions a noun, adjective, or adverb.
What is x2x4 ? A. x8 B. x6 C. 2(x8) D. 2x6
B. x6 is correct because you add the exponents, 2+4 It is assumed in math that terms will be presented in their simplest form. This one is not, so you would add the exponents to simplify it: 2 + 4 = 6, so x2x4=x6.
Lance makes $11.35 an hour and earns time and a half pay for every hour over 40. If Lance worked 47 hours this week, about how much will his paycheck be? Round to the hundredths place. A. $546.24 B. $454 C. $573.18 D. $521.37
C. $573.18 $573.18 is correct because $11.35 an hour x 40 hours a week equals $454. Time and a half pay for Lance would be $17.025, and you figure that out by multiplying $11.35 an hour by 1.5. Then multiply $17.025 times 7 overtime hours to get $119.175. Lastly, add $454 and $119.175 and you will get $573.175. Rounded to the hundredth place would be $573.18.
Dawn has a 20% off one shirt coupon at her favorite store. If she buys 3 shirts at $29.99 each and uses her coupon, how much will her total bill be? Round to the nearest hundredth. A. $89.97 B. $86.42 C. $83.97 D. $71.98
C. $83.97 $83.97 is correct because $29.99 multiplied by 3 shirts is $89.97. To get 20% off of ONE shirt, $29.99 is multiplied by 0.20, which equals $5.998. You subtract $5.998 from $89.97 to get $83.972. Rounded to the nearest hundredth you would get the correct answer, $83.97.
How fast does sound travel through a vacuum? A. 25 m/s B. 331.4 m/s C. 0 m/s D. 222 m/s
C. 0 m/s The speed of sound in a vacuum is 0 m/s because sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum.
What is 0.85 x 0.65? A. 0.2552 B. 0.5252 C. 0.5525 D. 0.5520
C. 0.5525 Multiply 0.85 by 0.65. If it's easier for you to conceptualize, you can just multiply 85 x 65 to get 5525, and then add the decimal point in after to get 0.5525.
What is (-5)2? A. 5 B. -25 C. 25 D. (-25)2
C. 25 25 is correct. In this situation you address the parenthesis and then the exponent, and the negatives would cancel each other out for a positive answer.
Which number is represented by the Roman numeral XXVII? A. 47 B. 32 C. 27 D. 72
C. 27 In Roman numerals, an "X" represents the number 10, a "V" represents 5, and "I" is representative of the number 1. In this problem we have 2 X's, 1 V, and two II's, which means we have two 10's (20), one 5, and two 1's (2). Written mathematically, 20 + 5 + 2 = 27
Using the Lewis-dot structure model, how many dots would carbon have? A. 6 B. 2 C. 4 D. 8
C. 4 The number of dots in a Lewis-dot structure model corresponds to the number of valance electrons for that atom. Because carbon has four valance electrons, its Lewis-dot structure model would have 4 dots.
Which of these sentences contains a dependent clause? A. She told me she was hungry but wouldn't eat more. B. She said she is feeling hungry, but she is not going to eat. C. Although she is hungry, she is not going to eat. D. She is hungry but she's not going to eat.
C. Although she is hungry, she is not going to eat. "Although she is hungry, she is not going to eat." is correct. A dependent clause begins with words such as although, since, if, when, and because. A dependent clause cannot stand on its own, so it may also be referred to as a "weak" clause.
Which of these statements is true regarding the way light travels? A. Sound travels faster than light. B. The speed of light is always the same regardless of the medium through which it travels. C. Light travels as both a wave and a particle. D. Light can not travel through a vacuum.
C. Light travels as both a wave and a particle. Light is a curiosity in that it acts as both a wave and a particle. It only changes direction via reflection (bouncing off of something) or refraction (passing from one medium to another). In a vacuum, the speed of light is constant, but when passing through a medium that has an index of refraction different from a vacuum, light's speed slows.
A number is 5 more than half of another number. How would you write this as a mathematical expression? A. (5+1/2)N B. N/5⋅2 C. N/2+5 D. N+5/2
C. N/2+5 First, we let N represent any number. We then express half of N as 1/2(N) or N/2. The phrase 5 more than indicates the mathematical expression 5+. Putting terms together, we get the correct answer.
Ligaments connect _______. A. tendon to bone B. muscle to bone C. bone to bone D. muscle to bone
C. bone to bone Ligaments connect bone to bone, and tendons connect muscle to bone.
Which is not an effect of photo-oxidation? A. loss of surface smoothness B. increase in brittleness C. increase in tensile strength D. discoloration
C. increase in tensile strength Photo-oxidation occurs when UV light and ozone break down the surface of polymers. The result is the material becoming more brittle and discolored and less strong and smooth.
What is the most abundant element in the universe? A. nitrogen B. hydrogen C. oxygen D. helium
C. oxygen Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, followed by helium and then oxygen.
A solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute is said to be ____. A. unsaturated B. dilute C. saturated D. concentrated
C. saturated A saturated solution is one that has the maximum amount of solute dissolved into it.
Which of these would produce hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution and would turn a litmus test from blue to red? A. ammonia B. lye C. vinegar D. detergent
C. vinegar Blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid. Ammonia, lye, and detergent are basic, so they would not give off hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution and when added to blue litmus paper the paper would remain blue.
Dihydrogen monoxide is better known as ____. A. iodine B. hydrogen peroxide C. water D. table salt
C. water Dihydrogen monoxide, or H2O, is more commonly known as water.
A woman has a mass of 50 kg on the moon. What is her mass on Earth? A. 25 kg B. 0 kg C. 100 kg D. 50 kg
D. 50 kg While the woman's weight would change due to differences in gravitation force, her mass would remain the same no matter if she was on the Earth or moon.
Which statement can correctly be inferred from the accompanying passage? A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice. A CBC searches for all the cells that exist in the blood, which are divided into three basic types: white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets, and red blood cells (erythrocytes). All of these blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and correspond to a specific exam, integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram. The erythrogram studies red blood cells. Among other tests, it includes a red blood cell count, a hematocrit, and hemoglobin. When these levels are low, the patient may be suffering from anemia, which can be caused by anything from heavy menstrual bleeding to Addison's disease. A diagnosis of polycythemia may be made if the number of red blood cells is increased. The leukogram is the test that evaluates the number of white cells present in the blood, which should vary between 4,000 and 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter in most adults. High values of white blood cells are seen with infection or severe emotional/physical stress, while AIDS and chemotherapy are two causes for low values. The thrombogram is the analysis of platelets, the cells responsible for coagulation. The main function of platelets is to help stop bleeding by helping form a clot. They do this by secreting proteins from their surface that allow them to stick to vessels and each other. Low values of platelets are seen with pregnancy or an enlarged spleen, whereas high values are seen with cancers or iron deficiency. A. The test of red blood cells is more informative than the tests of white blood cells and platelets. B. An elevated level of platelets is a confirmation of pregnancy in the patient. C. A CBC should be part of every physical exam because it tells so much about the patient's blood. D. A CBC gives a more complete evaluation of a patient's blood than a leukogram.
D. A CBC gives a more complete evaluation of a patient's blood than a leukogram. While this is not explicitly stated in the passage, two statements provide evidence of the truth of this statement: "A complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most useful and requested types of analysis in medical practice." "...integrated in the CBC: erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram." Since the leukogram is only one part of the CBC and the CBC is defined as one of most useful tests, one may infer that the CBC would provide a more complete picture than the leukogram alone. The other answer choices cannot be inferred from the passage. Pregnancy is only one possible cause of low platelets. No part of the test is referred to as being "more informative" than another; they can all detect the possibility of important medical conditions. Finally, although the CBC is deemed highly useful, there is no evidence in this passage that it would be recommended for every single patient exam. When you infer something from a passage, you have to be able to point to specific evidence that supports your inference.
A person with AB- blood should not receive blood from which other blood type? A. B- B. A- C. O- D. AB+
D. AB+ Those with an AB- blood type should not receive blood from those with AB+ blood. Although both AB+ and AB- blood have A and B antigens, the person with AB- blood lacks a special protein, or "Rhesus" Factor (Rh), circulating in their blood. If they are given blood that has the Rh factor present, their body will make antibodies to this foreign substance and complications will occur. This is especially true in pregnancy situations where the mother is Rh- and the baby she is carrying is Rh+.
What is the correct form of the missing words? The red car in the parking lot belonged to Sarah Jones. James knew that ____ car was new and fast. A. Sarah Joneses B. Sarah Jones C. Sarah Jone's D. Sarah Jones's or Sarah Jones'
D. Sarah Jones's or Sarah Jones' Apostrophes show possession and one is needed here to show that the car belongs to Sarah Jones. Different references give various recommendations for doing this with words that end in s. Both of the versions in this answer choice are listed as correct methods by certain grammar authorities. Sarah Jone's would mean that Sarah Jone owns the car. Adding es to Jones would simply make Jones plural.
What planet is the slowest rotating and often referred to as Earth's "sister planet?" A. Jupiter B. Mars C. Mercury D. Venus
D. Venus Venus is the slowest-rotating planet and is sometimes referred to as Earth's "sister" because of their similar size and distance from the sun.
According to the attached text, why is it important to be tested for allergies if they are suspected? An allergy is defined as an "immunological hypersensitivity to a specific external stimulus" or, simply put, an exaggerated response of the immune system to a substance that is foreign to the body. Patients with allergies are called "atopic" or, more popularly, "allergic". The diagnosis of an allergy is mainly clinical and it can be aided by skin allergy tests and laboratory examinations. Skin allergy tests are fast, practical, and can be done in an allergy and immunology provider's office. While skin tests are generally sufficient to confirm a diagnosis, doctors may also request complementary laboratory studies for further confirmation. These blood tests may diagnose an increase in white blood cells or antibodies for common allergy triggers, such as pet dander, grasses, and molds. Blood tests may help confirm or exclude the possibility of an allergy and, consequently, reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary medication. A correct diagnosis, along with proper treatment based on the valid results of allergy tests, will help reduce or eliminate the incidence of symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life. A. to reduce adverse reactions caused by unnecessary allergy medications B. to reduce the incidence of allergy-related symptoms C. to exclude certain allergies and explore the possibility of others D. all of these
D. all of these The second paragraph of the text mentions all of these as potential benefits of allergy testing. (Since the article is about allergies and testing for them, you can assume that the medications mentioned here are ones for allergies.)
Which of these is considered an example of naturally acquired passive immunity? A. inactivated (killed) vaccine injection B. exposure to a disease and subsequent immunity C. attenuated (live) vaccine injection D. breastfeeding
D. breastfeeding Natural passive immunity occurs when live antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, such as when antibodies are transferred from a mother to her baby via breast milk.
Chocolate cysts of the ovaries are attributed to ____. A. menorrhagia B. ectopic pregnancy C. pelvic inflammatory disease D. endometriosis
D. endometriosis Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue from the uterus (endometrium) grows in other parts of the body, such as the ovaries or bowel. If a woman has endometrial tissue in her ovary, the tissue bleeds and builds up over time, and as the blood ages it turns brown, hence the term "chocolate cyst."
Select the option which makes this sentence grammatically correct. The paid vacation benefit is available to ____ employees in the company. A. part and full-time B. part and full time C. part/ and full/time D. part- and full-time
D. part- and full-time Part- and full-time is the correct answer because with a series of nearly identical compounds, sometimes the final term is delayed until the last instance, allowing the hyphen to act as a kind of place holder.
What is the only artery in the body to carry oxygen-poor blood? A. renal artery B. interosseous artery C. vena cava D. pulmonary artery
D. pulmonary artery Most arteries in the body carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, but the pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. The vena cava would not be correct because it is not an artery, it is a vein and the question asks for an artery.
Which of these is the best definition of the word contrite? A. lonely B. sad C. excited D. remorseful
D. remorseful When a person is contrite, it means that he or she feels badly about something or feels remorse. The person might also be sad or lonely, but neither of these means contrite. A contrite person would probably not be excited.
What is the primary purpose of the accompanying article on smallpox? Smallpox is one of the most deadly and dangerous diseases affecting the human population across the world. The first recorded epidemic was in 1350 BC during the Egyptian-Hittite war, and it was quite prevalent in the late 1800's through a large part of the 1900's. Approximately five hundred million people were infected with the disease prior to its eradication in the 1970's, with the last case being in Somalia in 1977. Symptoms of infection included excessive bleeding, high fever, delirium, vomiting, and a raised pink rash. Most cases of smallpox ended in death and survivors were often seriously maimed by pock marks, blindness, or infertility. The pain and suffering remained for a lifetime after the disease was gone. There is no known cure for smallpox, only preventative vaccinations. Because smallpox was wiped out in 1970′s, the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) recommended that all countries stop vaccinating for the disease in 1980. This means that today, most young people are not vaccinated against the disease. Because the disease is considered eradicated, the issue of what to do with the remaining government-held vaccines has been an issue of debate. Should the stored vaccines be destroyed since the disease is no longer a concern, or do we keep them in storage for research or in case of an unexpected outbreak? Experts at the Center for Disease Control (C.D.C.) and the World Health Organization have spent an enormous amount of time researching this issue and have given much educated thought to the matter. Reportedly the W.H.O. wants to destroy all vaccines, however some scientists at the CDC feel the destruction could do more harm than good. The issue of bioterrorism adds another layer of complexity to the issue. In the case of smallpox, just a small amount of the virus released in the air could infect thousands of people in 6-24 hours. If such a disease were used as a weapon, we would obviously want the vaccine available for use. However, the fact that the vaccine still exists allows the use of smallpox for bioterrorism in the first place. If we could be sure all of the vaccine was destroyed, the decision may be a bit easier. But what if the vaccine were only partially destroyed, and the remainder was used by an unfriendly nation? In this world of global unrest and increasing technology, bioterrorism will come an increasing concern. The smallpox virus could be a serious threat to world health should any nation engage in the act if bioterrorism against an enemy. The question remains: do we run the risk of bioterrorism by continuing to store the medicine for several hundred smallpox vaccinations or do we destroy the vaccine and pray that there is no outbreak of the deadly virus? Because it is unknown at this time if researchers are able to re-create the vaccine, either solution may have permanent consequences. A. to examine the cause and cure for smallpox B. to examine why smallpox is no longer relevant C. to examine the World Health Organization's view on smallpox D. to examine the issue of what to do with the remaining smallpox vaccines
D. to examine the issue of what to do with the remaining smallpox vaccines The issue of what to do with the remaining smallpox vaccines is brought up several times in the article. In the second paragraph, it states, "Because the disease is considered eradicated, the issue of what to do with the remaining government-held vaccines has been an issue of debate." In the conclusion, the article again mentions, "The question remains: do we run the risk of bioterrorism by continuing to store several hundred smallpox vaccinations or do we destroy the vaccine and pray that there is no outbreak of the deadly virus?" The other options are either not mentioned or are untrue.
A fresh egg will float in water when... A. always B. it will not float in any circumstance C. when the water is cold D. when salt is added to the water
D. when salt is added to the water Eggs are typically more dense than water, which makes them sink. However, if enough salt is added to the water, the water becomes more dense than the egg, which will cause the egg to float.
