his 131 chapter 12

A young minister converted by the evangelical preacher Charles G. Finney, ____________ helped to create a mass constituency for abolitionism by training speakers and publishing pamphlets.

Theodore Weld

How did reformers reconcile their desire to create moral order with their quest to enhance personal freedom?

They argued that too many people were "slaves" to various sins and that freeing them from this enslavement would enable them to compete economically.

Which statement about Shakers is FALSE?

They practiced "complex marriage" and publicly recorded sexual relations.

How did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?

They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.

The death of Elijah Lovejoy in 1837

convinced many northerners that slavery was incompatible with white Americans' liberties.

Abolitionists challenged stereotypes about African-Americans by:

countering the pseudoscientific claim that they formed a separate species.

Angelina and Sarah Grimké

critiqued the prevailing notion of separate spheres for men and women.

The frontispiece of the 1848 edition of David Walker's book depicts a black figure receiving "liberty" and "justice" from:

heaven.

Horace Mann believed that public schools would do all of the following EXCEPT:

help eliminate racial discrimination

Burned-over districts were

in New York and Ohio, where intense revivals occurred.

The role of African-Americans in the abolitionist movement

included helping to finance William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper.

Although it only lasted a few years, the New Harmony community

influenced education reformers and women's rights advocates.

The gag rule:

prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions.

The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa:

prompted the adamant opposition of most free African-Americans.

The American Tract Society was focused on:

religion.

Utopian communities were unlikely to attract much support because most Americans:

saw property ownership as key to economic independence, but nearly all the utopian communities insisted members give up their property.

The reform communities established in the years before the Civil War:

set out to reorganize society on a cooperative basis.

William Lloyd Garrison:

suggested that the North dissolve the Union to free itself of any connection to slavery

The proliferation of new institutions such as poorhouses and asylums for the insane during the antebellum era demonstrated the:

tension between liberation and control in the era's reform movements.

What did reformers commonly believe about prisons and asylums?

that they could rehabilitate individuals and then release them back into society

Which of the following was NOT a reform movement in which women played a prominent role during the early to mid-nineteenth century?

the anti-Mexican-War movement

What did the Fourth of July represent to Frederick Douglass?

the hypocrisy of a nation that proclaimed liberty but sanctioned slavery

According to the mid-nineteenth-century physicians and racial theorists Josiah Nott and George Gliddon:

there was a hierarchy of races, with blacks forming a separate species between whites and chimpanzees.

According to Alexis de Tocqueville, what were the most important institutions for organizing Americans

voluntary associations

Brook Farm

was founded by New England transcendentalists.

Like Indian removal, the colonization of former slaves rested on the premise that America

was fundamentally a white society.

Freedom's Journal:

was the first black-run newspaper in the United States.

The first to apply the abolitionist doctrine of universal freedom and equality to the status of women:

were the Grimké sisters.

Frederick Douglass wrote, "When the true history of the antislavery cause shall be written, ____________ will occupy a large space in its pages."

women

The North-Carolina-born free black whose Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World won widespread attention was

David Walker.

Before the Civil War, who came to believe that the U.S. Constitution did not provide national protection to the institution of slavery?

Frederick Douglass

The antislavery poet John Greenleaf Whittier compared reformer Abby Kelley to:

Helen of Troy, who sowed the seeds of male destruction.

Why did Mississippi politician Jefferson Davis object in the 1850s to the original design of the Statue of Freedom that now adorns the U.S. Capitol dome?

Its use of an ancient Roman liberty cap on "Freedom" raised a touchy matter about slaves' longing for freedom

____________ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.

Liberty Party

Which of the following correctly pairs the reform community with the state in which it was located

New Harmony: Indiana

At the end of their trek in the mid-1840s, Mormons led by Brigham Young founded:

Salt Lake City, Utah.

All of the following are true of Margaret Fuller EXCEPT

She was the first feminist leader educated at a major college.

Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840s?

Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave.

How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts

The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately.

The Oneida community

controlled which of its members would be allowed to reproduce

About ____________ reform communities, often called utopian communities, were established in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century.

100

Who founded the Shakers

Ann Lee

Members of which of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperance movement?

Catholics

William Lloyd Garrison published an abolitionist newspaper called

The Liberator.

Which statement about the Mormons, a group founded by Joseph Smith, is FALSE?

The Mormons were founded in the 1840s as an offshoot of Methodism.

What book was to some extent modeled on the autobiography of fugitive slave Josiah Henson?

Uncle Tom's Cabin

organized abolitionist movement split into two wings in 1840, largely over

a dispute concerning the proper role of women in antislavery work.

What was a "bloomer" in the 1850s

a feminist style of dress

William Lloyd Garrison argued in Thoughts on African Colonization that

blacks were not "strangers" in America to be shipped abroad, but should be recognized as a permanent part of American society.

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments

condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.

Dorothea Dix devoted much time to the crusade for the:

construction of humane mental hospitals for the insane.

Abby Kelley

demonstrated the interconnectedness of nineteenth-century reform movements.

By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had:

encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.

Common schools:

existed in every northern state by the time of the Civil War.