HIST 102 Multiple Choice Study Guide (100-150)

Because of the difficulties involved in Humayun's own succession to the throne, his death was kept a secret for several weeks, while the court worked out plans for a ___________, or the setting up of a guardian for an underage or incapacitated monarch to rule in his or her stead, for the emperor's son, fourteen-year-old Jalal ud-Din Akbar.

Regency

In the Kongolese belief system, Portuguese Catholicism was:

adapted to the indigenous African spiritual and cultural heritage.

Akbar's Sufi mystical training had increasingly predisposed him toward tolerance and eclecticism, which gradually developed into a personal philosophy he called _________, or "at peace with all."

sulh-i kull

Shah Jahan did away with the _________ of former Mughal rulers and established a more legalistic and exclusively pro-Muslim environment more aligned with Sunni theology, a trend which would reach its pinnacle of power under the reign of Shah Jahan's own son, Aurangzeb.

Religious pluralism

The kings of Kongo demonstrated their absorption of Portuguese culture by:

Sending members of the ruling family to Portugal for their education.

The vast pine forest running from southern Virginia to northern Florida supplied material primarily for ____________.

Shipbuilding

___________ was an African empire during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries:

Songhay

_______ was the only North American colony, and later state, in which African Americans outnumbered those of European descent.

South Carolina

After he had launched a coup against his father, Akbar, Salim:

Suffered a revolt led by his own son Khusrau.

As distasteful as it was for a _________ to curry favor from the Safavid ruler Shah Tahmasp, Humayun received his support and reclaimed his throne in 1555.

Sunni Muslim

The desire for a new Mongol empire, now allied with Islam, created opportunities for military action to unite and settle the nomadic tribes of Chaghatay, leading to the rise in the fourteenth century of _________, or Tamerlane.

Temur Gurgan

The slaveowners' greatest fear was:

That a slave revolt would begin and spread.

The Gunpowder empires, named for their reliance on cannons and small arms in their military campaigns, included all of the following except:

The Habsburgs

All of the following were true of Ethiopia in the 15th and 16th centuries EXCEPT:

The Ottoman Empire at first aided Adal, but eventually retreated when faced by Ethiopian determination and Portuguese military might.

The high point of the Qing dynasty was during the rule of

The Qianlong emperor

After 1434, the following discovery accelerated European contacts with the African west coast:

The adverse currents and prevailing winds along the west coast of Africa that impeded the return journey were overcome by sailing across the Atlantic to the Americas, thence to Europe in what is now known as the triangle trade.

All of the following is true of the trade between Portuguese mariners and the kingdom of Benin EXCEPT:

When a later king ordered the halt of the slave trade, the Portuguese agreed, and turned to European sources of labor.

All of the following were important economically in the Carolinas EXCEPT:

Woven cotton or cloth.

While this new philosophy did not end Akbar's military campaigns, which he saw as ordained by God, it ultimately did lead him to conducting spirited religious debates with his subjects and formulating a new religion he called _________.

din-i ilahi

Great mosque projects also represent highlights of Mughal artistic sophistication and monumental scope. Among them are the Friday Delhi Mosque in Shahjahanabad and Aurangzeb's huge _________.

Badshahi Mosque in Lahore

The ruler Ewuare was the first to rise to dominance over chiefs (azuma) and assume the title of king (obo) over _________.

Benin

Despite these internal conflicts, Aurangzeb's military prowess helped him to secure key areas that had long eluded Mughal efforts: Bijapur, Golconda and much of the Maratha lands of the _________ region of South Central India.

Deccan

Akbar's four principal ministries included all of the following except:

Diplomatic relations with European trading companies.

The Moroccan sultans who invaded the Songhay Empire in 1591 had recently:

Driven the Portuguese from their Atlantic coast and worried about similar incursions elsewhere.

Around 1750, there were about 10,000 Boers (Dutch for "_______") in the Cape Colony, easily outnumbered by slaves.

Farmers

The memory of Humayun's __________ was galling to the Mughals.

Forced conversion to Shiism.

The Hausa kingdoms:

Formed at the height of the Mali-dominated trans-Saharan trade.

Under Akbar's leadership, the Mughal armies were able to bring the eastern, southern and western flanks of their lands into their fold and again anchoring Islam in the former areas of its influence, the heartland of Northern India, or _________.

Hindustan.

During the seventeenth century, all but one of the following European nations largely supplanted Iberian influence in the region:

Italy

The astronomers of the Kerala school had calculated elliptical orbits for the visible planets a century in advance of __________.

Johannes Kepler

The Mughals appointed members of the new _________ elite to positions in the provincial governments and state ministries.

Mansabdar

For Babur and his successors, their ruling family would always be "The House of Timur," prompting historians to sometimes refer to the line as the Timurids. However, because of their claims to the legacy of Genghis Khan, they would be better known to the world as the _________.

Mughals

The basic administrative unit of the Mughals was the _________, a unit comprising an area usually containing a town and from a dozen to about a hundred villages.

Pargana

_________ writers, painters, and poets followed Humayun to India, where their talents enlivened the arts and helped develop Urdu verse forms.

Persian

Between 1434 and 1472, through a combination of private and public expeditions, _________ mariners explored the African coast as far east as the Bight of Benin.

Portuguese

In South Central Africa (on the southern side of the rainforest, the eastern part of the southern savanna, and the Great Lakes area of Central Africa):

Protected by their remote location, societies tended to grow in population.

A culturally Dutch settler society emerged in the Cape Colony of South Africa, which included:

Protestants fleeing religious persecution in France and Germany.

Muhammad Ghauth Gwaliori's ___________ tapped sources from Hindu and Muslim astrology, Jewish Kabbala traditions, and Sufi mysticism.

The Five Jewels

Ships leaving from their home ports in Bristol and _________ would exchange manufactured goods and household wares for slaves in West Africa.

Liverpool

By some estimates, there were more ________ slave uprisings involving 10 or more slaves during the four centuries of Atlantic slavery.

250

James Oglethorpe's vision for the colony of Georgia included all of the following except:

An adoption of native Creek patterns of interaction with the natural environment.

In "chattel" slavery, the slave is, in legal terms:

An item of moveable personal property.

The popularity of rum promoted:

The expansion of sugar planting and slavery, to their peak after 1750.

__________ reimposed the hated jizya tax on non-Muslims, which had been abolished by Akbar.

Aurangzeb

The long-range impact of a Muslim invasion of northern Sub-Saharan Africa in the sixteenth century:

Brought empire-building in the northern Sub-Saharan African societies to a halt.

In the wake of the collapse of the Mongol Empire, the largest in world history, the Central Asian heartland of the Turkic peoples evolved into a _________, many of whose rulers claimed descent from Genghis Khan.

patchwork of smaller states.

In the opening vignette of the chapter, Dona Beatriz is portrayed as all of the following EXCEPT:

A committed pacifist determined to prevent violence at any cost.

All of the following is true of the Carolina colony EXCEPT:

The settlers there realized very quickly that Native Americans were not a viable source of slaves.

The Mughals gave India one of its most prolific eras in terms of profusion and synthesis of literary genres, with _________ remaining the chief languages of literature.

Arabic and Persian

The conclusion that porcelain was the single most important commodity in the unfolding world commercial revolution between 1500 and 1800 is supported by all of the following except:

The depiction of Muhammad's face on many of them, in spite of Islamic prohibitions.