Hist 1302 exam 1 sjc-c chapter 16-18 review
The "living wage" and the "American standard of living" were an outgrowth of what?
A mature consumer economy.
Why did Americans celebrate the Spanish-American War?
Americans experienced the war as an occasion for national reconciliation between North and South.
On what grounds did Justice David J. Brewer dissent from the majority opinion in the case of Fong Yue Ting (1893) that authorized the federal government to expel Chinese aliens without due process of law?
Brewer worried that a similar rationale could be used in the future to subvert the rights to due process of other people
The Sixteenth Amendment Allowed
Congress to implement a graduated income tax.
What did the term "white man's burden" mean?
Domination of non-whites by white people was necessary for the progress of civilization
Why did progressive reformers think they had much to learn from the Old World?
Germans had pioneered several measures of social legislation.
How did the displacement of native peoples in Australia differ from the experience of Indians in the American west
Government policy orchestrated the removal of the original children from their homes for official adoption by whites
Why was William tweed so popular with the city's immigrant poor?
He had provided food, fuel, and patronage to them in exchange for their votes
Why did Samuel Gompers seek to forge closer ties with forward-looking corporate leaders?
He wanted to stabilize employer-employee relations.
How did expanding agricultural production in places like Argentina and the American West lead to the migration of rural populations to cities?
Increasing output worldwide push down the prices of farm products making it more difficult for farmers in the end to make ends meet
According to the authors of the Dawes Severalty Act, what constituted a civilized life for Native Americans in the later nineteenth century?
Individual property ownership and farming on family plots.
Why did the south fail to attract significant economic development in the wake of reconstruction?
Investors came to the south for cheap labor and low taxes so they mad few capital investments in the region
What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern Whites in the late 19th century?
It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy
Why did the Socialist Party gain significant political influence during the Progressive era?
Jewish and other immigrant laborers across the country supported its fight against economic exploitation of workers
In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court ruled that
Laws could limit women's work hours
Why was the Hollywood version of the western "cowboy" based more on fantasy than reality
Most cowboys were low payed workers, some of whom even went on strike for higher wages
How did nickelodeons reflect a mass consumption society in the Progressive era?
Nickelodeon's ordered a popular and less expensive leisure activity for urban residents
What were the characteristics of the Progressive era's birth-control movement?
Public lectures on sexual freedom and contraception by activist such as Emma Goldman and the distribution of birth-control devices by Margaret Sanger
How did the expansion of railroads accelerate the second industrial revolution in America?
Railroads created a true national market for us goods
The interstate commerce commission was established in 1887 to:
Regulate the railroad industry, patriarchy monopolistic practices. The act required rates be " reasonable and just" but did not empower the government to fix specific rates
Why did workers experience the introduction of scientific management as a loss of freedom?
Skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions
What criticism did Henry Demarest Lloyd leverage against Rockefeller's Standard Oil in Wealth against Commonwealth (1892)?
Standard oil was undermining fair competition in the market place
Why did the Populist movement energize thousands of American women?
Talented, reform-minded women organized and strategized for Populism. Western Populists supported woman's suffrage.
How did the American Catholic Church act during the Gilded Age?
The American Catholic Church saw a growing number of clergy advocate social justice and reform.
Why did Carlos Montezuma call for the abolition of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1916?
The Bureau had failed to secure Indian self-determination.
How did American racial attitudes shape South African politics?
The Union of South Africa followed the model of U.S. segregation with its own system of apartheid.
Had the Teller Amendment been applied to the Philippines and Cuba, how would it havechanged the Spanish-American War?
The United States would have been barred from annexing the Philippines.
What brought about a new wave of sympathy for the plight of women in the garment industry in Lawrence, Massachusetts?
The appearance of malnourished children who had been evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public.
How did economic development in Brazil during and after the American civil war affect the lives of southern cotton farmers
The expansion of Brazilian cotton cultivation lowered global prices for the crop industry and independence and loss of land for southern farmers
Why were many Americans drawn to the socialist party in the election of 1912?
The party's proposal to nationalize railroads, banks, and to provide unemployment relief expressed popular progressive thought.
How were skilled workers able to secure new freedoms for themselves in rapidly expanding industries?
Their knowledge allowed them to control the production process and the training of apprentices
Why did new products like Ivory Soap and Quaker Oats symbolize the continuing integration of the economy in America's Gilded Age?
These products were national brands, sold everywhere across United States thanks to the expanding railroad network
What did the books of Henry George, Laurence gronlond, and Edward Bellamy all have in common
They all offered decidedly optimistic remedies for the unequal distribution of wealth
How did Populists hope to guarantee farmers inexpensive access to markets for their crops?
They called for public ownership of railroads
What did native Americans have in common with the Zulu of South Africa and the aboriginal people in Australia ?
They found themselves pushed aside by a centralized government Trying to control large interior regions.
Why did railroad companies and other businesses form "pools" during the American Gilded Age?
They hoped to escape the chaos of market forces by fixing prices with their competitors.
How did black women challenge the racial ideology of the Jim Crow south
They insisted for equal respect by "racial uplift"
Why did businesses support the Pure Food and Drug Act?
They understood that greater public confidence in the quality of the products helped their sales.
What was the aim of board schools for Indians?
To civilize the Indians
How were federal troops used in the Pullman Strike of 1894?
To help suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners.
The writer whose work encouraged the passage of the Meat Inspection Act was:
Upton Sinclair
Why was "the city" the focus of progressive politics?
Urban populations experienced the most dramatic growth and most significant changes.
Apart from racial identity of victims, what typically triggered the lynch violence of southern white mobs
Victims alleged sexual conduct
What about Woodrow Wilson appeared to Theodore Roosevelt's supporters to be a relic of the past?
Wilson was committed to programs that aided small-business owners and that seemed to deny the inevitability of economic concentration.
How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890s as the white north and south moved towards reconciliation?
as a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.
In the late nineteenth century, social thinkers such as Edward Bellamy, Henry George, and Laurence Gronlund offered numerous plans for change, primarily beause they were alarmed by a fear of:
class warfare and the growing power of concentrated capital.
How did mass consumption in the Progressive era result in new consumer freedoms?
farmers in the heartland had more time and money to attend Nickelodeon shows/ department stores provided city residents with access to electric washing machine and vacuum cleaners
After 1900, the campaign for women's suffrage:
included both middle- and working-class women
Why did western territories take longer than eastern territories to achieve statehood?
many easterners were weary of granting statehood to the territories until white and non-mormon settlers counterbalanced the large Latino and Mormon populations
Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal, which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called:
yellow journalists