HIST1100 test 3 KSU Gurkas
According to Freud the root of neurotic behavior was A) a conflict between conscious and unconscious mental processes. B) summed up in the term "uncertainty principle." C) the traumatic bloodshed of World War I. D) the hostility that young boys feel toward their mothers. E) an easily explainable chemical reaction.
A
After Mexico angered American oil companies by nationalizing its oil industry in 1938, the Roosevelt administration A) called for a negotiated resolution. B) declared war. C) intervened in Mexico with military forces .D) called for economic sanctions against Mexico. E) did nothing.
A
All of the following improved communication between India and Britain except A) the completion of the Panama Canal. B) the use of steamships. C) the invention of the telegraph. D) the laying of submarine cables. E) the completion of the Suez Canal.
A
As a result of the Cultural Revolution in China, A) the educated elite were persecuted, and China was deprived of their talent. B) peasant farmers killed so many sparrows that the ecological balance was thrown off. C) student demonstrators in Tiananmen Square were crushed by government troops. D) the nation achieved industrialization within a generation. E) the Red Guard was discredited.
A
As the end of the war approached, Allied leaders agreed that each power would have control over A) those territories liberated by their own armed forces. B) lands evenly divided among the three main Allies according to a secret treaty. C) only those lands illegally seized by the Axis. D) different sectors of Italy. E) only the defeated territories in Asia.
A
British Canada gained a large French population as a result of A) France's loss of its Canadian colonies in the Seven Years' War. B) the flight to Canada of French Protestants in the eighteenth century. C) French citizens fleeing the Napoleonic wars. D) French fur traders being driven out of the United States. E) all of the above
A
By 1900, Latin American women had achieved A) expanded educational opportunities. B) the right to vote in national elections. C) the right to divorce. D) property rights within marriage. E) nothing at all.
A
By 1913, all of the following provinces gained either independence or autonomy from Ottoman control except A) Anatolia. B) Egypt. C) Greece. D) Serbia. E) All of these gained independence.
A
Compared to the western front, fighting on the eastern front was A) more fluid, as the Germans made inroads into Russia. B) a deadlock, with German and Austrian troops trapped for months in trenches. C) more encouraging for the Allies, especially on the Balkan peninsula. D) not as deadly, with far fewer casualties. E) over quickly.
A
Conflicts between native Kikuyu and British settlers intensified in Kenya after World War II because A) white settlers had seized the best farmlands for years. B) Kikuyu had been crowded onto tribal reserves. C) Kikuyu had been reduced to the status of wage laborers. D) all of these were the case: white settlers had seized the best farmland; Kikuyu had been crowded onto reserves; and Kikuyu had been reduced to the status of wage laborers. E) None of these statements is correct.
A
A Geneva peace conference regarding Vietnam in 1954 A) followed the defeat of France at Dienbienphu. B) determined that Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17th parallel. C) determined that Ho Chi Minh and the communists would have control of North Vietnam. D) determined that democratic elections would be held as soon as possible. E) All these statements are correct.
E
A key factor in the Allied victory in the Pacific was A) the island-hopping strategy that positioned U.S. troops within striking range of Japan. B) the massive aerial bombing of key Japanese cities. C) the development of the atomic bomb. D) the declaration of war by the Soviet government against Japan. E) All these answers are correct.
E
A key factor in the U.S. decision to enter World War I was A) its long-standing friendship with Great Britain. B) the U.S. desire to acquire German colonies in the Pacific. C) American prejudice against German immigrants. D) the political ambition of Woodrow Wilson. E) Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare against the United States.
E
All of the following nations were founding members of the European Economic Community except A) France. B) West Germany. C) Italy. D) Belgium. E) Britain.
E
As evidence of the renewed power and glory of Italy, Mussolini A) annexed Albania. B) annexed Libya. C) invaded Ethiopia. D) supported militarists in the Spanish Civil War. E) All these answers are correct.
E
At the height of their expansion, the Japanese had established either direct or indirect control over all of the following except A) the Dutch East Indies. B) Indochina. C) the Philippines. D) Singapore. E) India.
E
Carmen Miranda A) created a famous painting called Imperialism. B) wore colorful headdresses adorned with fruits, such as bananas, grown in Latin America. C) was the popular wife of an Argentine dictator. D) served as the model for an ad created by the United Fruit Company. E) both wore colorful headdresses adorned with fruits, and served as the model for an ad created by the United Fruit Company.
E
Cecil Rhodes was A) the British military leader who was responsible for a boom in naval expansion. B) the American politician who articulated the belief in manifest destiny. C) responsible for the philosophy known as social Darwinism. D) the first leader of an independent Canada. E) a leading British imperialist active in south Africa.
E
Deng Xiaoping A) masterminded the Great Leap Forward. B) was the driving force behind the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. C) was the leader of Taiwan who helped bring about tremendous economic expansion. D) fled to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War. E) ended China's isolation and economic self sufficiency.
E
Gandhi A) fought hard to improve the status of the casteless Untouchables. B) launched the Non-Cooperation Movement. C) began the Civil Disobedience Movement. D) worked to secure approval of the Government of India Act. E) All these answers are correct.
E
The First Five-Year Plan was initiated by A) Lenin. B) Mussolini. C) Stalin. D) Hitler. E) Trotsky.
C
During World War II, women in the United States and Britain A) took part in direct combat. B) entered war industries. C) engaged in sabotage acts against German facilities in occupied Europe. D) took part in direct combat, entered war industries, and engaged in sabotage acts against German facilities in occupied Europe. E) None of these answers is correct.
A
During the Great Depression, Latin American nations experienced all of the except A) rapidly rising investment in the region by U.S. bankers. B) rapidly increasing unemployment rates. C) a sharp decline in the price of the region's exports. D)the drying-up of foreign capital investments. E)rising tariffs and restrictions on foreign trade.
A
Economic development in Latin America was limited because A) elites profited from European trade and investment and had little incentive to diversify the economy. B) most goods were manufactured on self-sufficient haciendas. C) state control discouraged foreign investment. D) there were insufficient natural resources in Latin America. E) there wasn't enough cheap labor in Latin America.
A
Gandhi embraced a moral philosophy of tolerance and nonviolence (ahimsa) during the twenty-five years he spent in A) South Africa. B) China. C) Morocco. D) Great Britain. E) Argentina.
A
In 1998 Osama bin Laden called for the murder of Americans in response to A) the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia. B) the bombing of Iraq. C) U.S. support for Israel. D) all of these: the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the bombing of Iraq, and U.S. support for Israel. E) None of these answers is correct.
A
In the decades following the Great War, the economies of most African colonies were dominated by A) the exchange of raw materials or cash crops for manufactured goods from abroad. B) light manufacturing. C) the production of steel. D) cattle ranching. E) furniture manufacture.
A
Key western front battles occurred at A) Verdun and the Marne. B) Guadalcanal. C) Kursk. D) Borodino. E) Austerlitz.
A
Muhammad Ali Jinnah called for the creation of A) Pakistan. B) Iraq. C) Palestine. D) Saudi Arabia. E) Afghanistan.
A
One striking difference between the British and the French imperial models in Africa is that A) the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations. B) the French preferred to employ local rulers to govern their colonies. C) the British established schools and academies to train African civil servants to run their colonies, while the French did not. D) many more British citizens relocated to Africa to administer their colonies than did French citizens. E) the British actively sought to convert Africans to Christianity, while the French did not.
A
Satyagraha was A) Gandhi's philosophy of passive resistance. B) the Islamic leader who called for the creation of Pakistan for India's Muslims. C) Mao Zedong's adapted philosophy of Chinese communism. D) the original name of the Pan-African movement. E) the Chinese political party headed by Jiang Jieshi.
A
The "Bush Doctrine of Deterrence" was implemented in 2003 by a U.S.-led preemptive strike against A) Iraq. B) Iran. C) Russia. D) China. E) Taiwan.
A
The Balfour Declaration of 1917 promised that Palestine would A) become a homeland for immigrant Jews. B) continue as a homeland to the resident Arab Muslims. C) remain a British protectorate indefinitely. D) be partitioned into distinct Arab and Jewish zones. E) have elections to determine its future.
A
The Northwest Rebellion in Canada in 1885 was sparked by A) the westward movement of British Canadian settlers and the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. B) tensions between British and Japanese settlers on the frontier. C) conflicts between settlers and the railroad over land rights. D) tensions between British and French residents and newcomers from Eastern Europe. E) a border dispute between Canadian and American settlers on the western plains.
A
The Self-Strengthening Movement did all of the following except A) end foreign domination of China. B) build modern shipyards. C) construct railroads. D) open steel foundries. E) establish weapons industries.
A
The United States acquired Hawai'i by A) secretly sponsoring a rebellion against the Hawaiian monarchy. B) a purchase treaty with the Hawaiian people. C) seizing the islands by force in order to provide a naval base in the Pacific. D) purchasing the islands from Spain in the wake of the Spanish- American War. E) monarchy.
A
The largest migrations of the second half of the twentieth century were primarily composed of A) refugees fleeing war. B) farmers looking for economic opportunities in cities. C) immigrants seeking better jobs in foreign countries. D) city-dwellers escaping to the suburbs to get away from urban squalor. E) the victims of human trafficking.
A
The reorganization of China under communism in the 1950s included all of the following except A) free-market reforms to increase productivity. B) a Five-Year Plan that emphasized heavy industry over consumer goods. C) collective farming to replace individual farming. D) full legal equality for women. E) health and public education provided through local collectives.
A
The term "little tigers" is used to designate emerging economies in A) Asia. B) sub-Saharan Africa. C) eastern Europe. D) Central America. E) the Caribbean.
A
Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina A) encouraged conversion to Christianity. B) recruited local peoples into their colonial army. C) worked closely with local elites. D) promoted domestic industries. E) had no obvious racial bias
A
What organization supplanted GATT in 1995? A) WTO B) NAFTA C) EU D) OPEC E) IMF
A
Which country's Taliban movement provided sanctuary and training grounds to Islamic militants in the late 1990s? A) Afghanistan B) Iraq C) Saudi Arabia D) Israel E) Syria
A
Which of the following nations is a member of OPEC? A) Venezuela. B) Egypt. C) Mali. D) Yemen. E) Afghanistan.
A
Which of the following provinces was not part of the Dominion of Canada by 1900? A) Alberta B) British Columbia C) Nova Scotia D) Ontario E) Quebec
A
Which of the following statements about the League of Nations is true? A) Woodrow Wilson urged that the Covenant of the League of Nations be made an integral part of the peace treaties. B) It was able to enforce its decisions effectively because of its large and powerful army. C) It was designed to solve international disputes through arbitration. D) It lasted into the 1950s. E) All these answers are correct.
A
Which of the following was not one of the chief actions of Roosevelt's New Deal? A) tightening the money supply B) creating jobs and establishing farm subsidies C) providing social security in old age D) guaranteeing minimum wages E) enacting legislation to prevent the collapse of the banking system
A
Which organization eradicated smallpox in 1980? A) WHO B) NAFTA C) HAART D) OPEC E) EU
A
Who among the following emerged as the leader and principal theoretician of the Chinese communist movement? A) Mao Zedong B) Jiang Jieshi C) Sun Yatsen D) Shanfei E) None of these answers is correct.
A
.Who orchestrated the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001? A) the Taliban B) al Qaeda C) Iraq D) Saudi Arabia E) Mohammed Omar
B
The Boxer Rebellion sought to A) turn Japan into a great power. B) end Chinese domination of Vietnam. C) end foreign control of China. D) replace the Qing government with a democratic one. E) bring Christianity to China's interior.
C
6. Which of the following would not be typical of labor migration patterns in the age of empire? A) Chinese migrants to sugar plantations in Cuba B) Russian migrants to Singapore C) Indian migrants to rubber plantation in Malaysia D) Irish migrants to the United States E) Japanese migrants to sugar plantations in Hawai'i
B
After Reconstruction, former slaves in the American South A) elected biracial governments for the first time in U.S. history. B) remained free, but lost many of their civil rights. C) continued to dominate southern society. D) gained control of their own schools and local institutions. E) all of the above
B
At the Bay of Pigs in 1961, A) An American-sponsored invasion failed, and subsequently strengthened Castro's grip on power. B) American special forces were defeated by Cuban troops. C) anti-Castro Cuban forces defeated Cuban forces on the beach but failed to spark an uprising against Castro. D) an American naval blockade turned back Soviet supply ships. E) All these answers are correct.
B
At the Munich Conference, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain A) took a hard line with Hitler, threatening military retaliation for any further aggression B) agreed that Hitler could keep lands already taken in exchange for a pledge to end German expansion. C) agreed that the Treaty of Versailles had been unfair to the Germans and that their former empire should be restored. D) created a regional Allied defense pact against Hitler's aggression. E) made a secret alliance with the Axis powers.
B
At the Paris Peace Conference, A) the Allies agreed to let ethnic self-determination set the boundaries of the Middle East. B) Britain and France demanded that Germany pay reparations. C) Russia was forced to cede much of Manchuria to Japan. D) Woodrow Wilson gained acceptance of his Fourteen Points. E) All these answers are correct.
B
Britain withdrew from Palestine in 1947 because A) their mandate had ended. B) they could not resolve the conflict between Palestinians and Jews. C) the United Nations demanded that they leave. D) the Arab states demanded that they leave. E) All these answers are correct.
B
Chinese resistance to the Japanese was A) a well-coordinated guerilla movement. B) weakened by rivalry between Chinese nationalists and communists. C) effectively crushed by the brutality of Japanese occupation. D) armed by the Soviet Union. E) powerful, overwhelming, and extraordinarily effective.
B
Global warming refers to A) natural variations in the global climate over time. B) the rise in global temperatures caused by atmospheric pollution such as the emissions of cars and factories. C) the risk of a nuclear war when the planet is politically "hot." D) the increase in temperature caused by volcanic activity on the ocean floors. E) None of these answers is correct.
B
In World War I, "no-man's-land" was A) the battle line in eastern Europe and the Balkans. B) the deadly territory between opposing trenches. C) the killing field around Verdun. D) the German route of invasion through Belgium. E) the peninsula of Gallipoli.
B
In the 1970s OPEC demonstrated that A) the only way to defeat Israel was for all Arab states to work together. B) an alliance in control of a valuable resource could exert control over the developed world and its financial system. C) western powers could no longer dominate the Suez Canal. D) overproduction of petroleum products can cause a slump in global prices. E) All these answers are correct.
B
Marcus Garvey A) was a member of the "new elite" of African colonies who became president of Kenya. B) was a Jamaican Pan-Africanist leader. C) was a leader of the Mumbo cult. D) mobilized Africans to revolt against British rule during the Great War. E) None of these answers is correct.
B
The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling refers to A) the cost of creating and supporting an empire. B) the moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world. C) the cost of abolishing slavery in Africa. D) the need for Christian missionaries to undermine Islam in Africa and Asia.E) All these answers are correct.
B
The Cuban missile crisis ended when A) the United States invaded Cuba and overthrew Batista. B) the Soviets agreed to withdraw their missiles in exchange for Kennedy's pledge not to invade Cuba and his agreement to withdraw U.S. missiles from Turkey. C) Khrushchev agreed to end the blockade of Berlin. D) the United States threatened to impose a strict embargo on all Cuban exports. E) None of the answers is correct.
B
The Kristallnacht was A) a new artistic movement that flourished after World War I. B) a Nazi-arranged attack on thousands of Jewish stores, synagogues, and people.C ) Hitler's political treatise that expressed his main ideas. D) the Russian term for the destructive civil war that followed the revolution. E) a German term for the sense of disillusionment that came with world war.
B
The Russian civil war that broke out after the revolution was between A) utopian socialists and Trotskyites. B) Reds and Whites. C) Leninists and Stalinists. D) Nicholas II's Imperial Army and Lenin's Revolutionary Army. E) eastern and western factions.
B
The United States tentatively supported a failed invasion of Cuba at A) Havana. B) the Bay of Pigs. C) Hukbalahap. D) Sukarno. E) Guantnamo.
B
The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for A) the spirited resistance of the Congolese people. B) the brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II. C) the many fine universities constructed by the Belgian government. D) the humane policies of the Belgian government toward the Congolese people. E) All these answers are correct.
B
The constitutional issue at the center of the American Civil War was A) the balance of power between the president and the Congress. B) the balance of power between the state governments and the federal government. C) conflicting claims between the individual and society. D) the rights of immigrant labor versus the rights of slave labor. E) how to fulfill ideals of the Enlightenment.
B
The highest casualties in World War II were suffered by A) Britain and the United States. B) China and the Soviet Union. C) Germany and Italy. D) Germany and Japan. E) Japan and the United States.
B
The Government of India Act A) resulted in complete Indian independence in 1931. B) was bitterly opposed by Gandhi. C) proved unworkable. D) failed to win the approval of India voters. E) All these answers are correct.
C
The immediate provocation for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was A) the internment of Japanese citizens living in the United States. B) an American-led oil embargo against Japan. C) resentment over the unequal treaties imposed on Japan in the nineteenth century. D) resentment that Japan has not gotten more of the territorial "spoils" at the Paris peace settlements after World War I. E) fears of an American attack on the Japanese homeland.
B
The key to Allied victory in Europe was A) the success of resistance movements at undermining German authority. B) the vast personnel and industrial capacity of the United States and Soviet Union .C) the lack of commitment of Italian forces to the Axis cause. D) the development of the atomic bomb. E) the leadership of Harry Truman after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
B
The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente was A) to create a mutually advantageous free trade association. B) to provide mutual defense and support in case of attack. C) to cooperatively share resources in African colonies. D) to avoid war. E) All these answers are correct.
B
The purpose of the Twenty-One Demands was A) to demand control of German-held islands in the Pacific. B) to reduce China to the status of a Japanese protectorate. C) to demand that the British turn over control of Hong Kong. D) to reduce Korea to the status of a Japanese protectorate. E) All these answers are correct.
B
Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate when A) the Germans captured Petrograd. B) army troops in the capital mutinied. C) Japan declared war on Russia. D) Lenin invaded Russia with an army. E) All these answers are correct.
B
Which of the following regions is not one of the places where today's most highly urbanized societies are found? A) Australia B) sub-Saharan Africa C) New Zealand D) northern Europe E) western Europe
B
Which of the following was acquired as a result of the Mexican-American War? A) Montana B) California C) Iowa D) Oregon E) Missouri
B
Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points called for all of the following except A) freedom of navigation. B) the destruction of Germany. C) open covenants. D) equality of trade conditions. E) reduction in national armaments.
B
The Emancipation Proclamation A) freed all slaves in the western hemisphere. B) freed all slaves who took up arms against the South. C) made the abolition of slavery an explicit goal of the Civil War. D) freed all slaves in the western territories. E) promised to free all slaves at the end of the Civil War.
C
A troubling economic problem in the 1920s was the depressed state of agriculture caused by A) virulent new strains of disease. B) the success of several new communist regimes. C) overproduction and falling prices. D) the collapse of the cotton market in the southern United States. E) dangerous underproduction.
C
Brazil responded to the Great Depression by A) adopting Soviet communism. B) adopting fascism. C) embarking on a program of industrialization. D) declaring war on Peru. E) None of these answers is correct.
C
Ideologically, the two competing sides in the cold war were A) socialism and communism. B) communism and fascism. C) capitalism and communism. D) republican and democrat. E) fascism and capitalism.
C
In Latin America, the road to a stable state was hindered by A) a lower-class conspiracy against the wealthy. B) a socialist revolution. C) sharp divisions among the creoles, and the seizure of power by caudillos. D) the re-establishment of Spanish rule. E) all of the above
C
Institutions such as the Carlisle Indian School and the Toledo Indian School made clear A) the deep appreciation American whites had for Indian culture. B) the extent to which the U.S. government went to ensure the survival of Indian culture C) the degree to which white society sought to replace tribal influences with American values. D) the degree to which Indians continued to resist white society in the early nineteenth century. E) all of the above
C
Mao Zedong's main rival after 1925 was A) Puyi. B) Sun Yatsen. C) Jiang Jieshi. D) Mohandas Gandhi. E) Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
C
New inventions toward the turn of the century included all of the following except A) electric lights. B) the electric motor. C) radio. D) the phonograph. E) the telephone.
C
One of the biggest results of the artistic experimentation of the 1920s and 1930s was that A) artists learned to adhere to accepted public definitions of reality. B) photography was no longer considered a legitimate art form. C) generally accepted standards that distinguished between "good" and "bad" art disappeared. D) impressionism was recognized as the single best art form. E) a set of criteria was established that allowed art students to distinguish between "good" and "bad" art.
C
Operation Barbarossa in 1941 was code for A) the German invasion of France. B) the German invasion of north Africa. C) the German invasion of the Soviet Union. D) the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. E) the Allied invasion of Normandy.
C
Panama was supported in its uprising against Colombia by U.S. president A) Grover Cleveland. B) William Howard Taft. C) Theodore Roosevelt. D) William McKinley. E) Woodrow Wilson.
C
The "capitulations" were humiliating concessions to the west that A) allowed western powers to establish spheres of influence within Ottoman territory. B) forbade the manufacture of cotton cloth and obliged Ottomans to buy textiles from Britain. C) held European citizens exempt from Ottoman laws and taxes. D) restricted the exchange of technology and prevented the emergence of domestic industry in the Ottoman empire. E) permitted unrestricted traffic in and out of the Black Sea.
C
The Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrated that A) Europeans were morally superior to Africans. B) Japan had become a major world power. C) European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army. D) Britain had fallen behind Germany by the end of the nineteenth century. E) None of these answers is correct.
C
The Berlin blockade clearly demonstrated that A) the western allies were afraid of a nuclear war. B) the Soviet Union lacked the will to confront the west. C) Britain and the United States would not be intimidated into abandoning Berlin. D) Berlin could survive without outside support. E) All these answers are correct.
C
The Japanese finally surrendered in 1945 A) in response to the surrender of Germany. B) after the emperor resigned and a republic was established. C) after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Soviet Union's declaration of war. D) after the American landing at Kyushu. E) after the Soviet landing at Okinawa.
C
The Long March A) destroyed Mao Zedong's credibility with the Chinese. B) left Jiang Jieshi in complete control of the Chinese Communist Party. C) saved the Chinese Communist Party from destruction. D) was the final victory for the Guomindang. E) forced Mao Zedong to flee China and hide in the Soviet Union.
C
The Nuremberg Laws A) outlawed democratic parties. B) made Hitler president of Germany. C) deprived Jews of their citizenship. D) introduced social security for ethnically pure Germans. E) All these answers are correct.
C
The Russian-German Treaty of Nonaggression of 1939 A) conceded German control over eastern Europe. B) conceded Soviet control over eastern Europe. C) promised neutrality in the event of war with a third party, and thereby freed Hitler to pursue a more aggressive policy in western Europe. D) pledged Soviet support to Germany in case of war. E) brokered critical trade agreements between the two countries.
C
The Tripartite Pact brought together A) England, France, and the Soviet Union. B) China, England, and the United States. C) Germany, Italy, and Japan. D) England, the Soviet Union, and the United States. E) Germany, Italy, and Austria.
C
The Truman Doctrine pledged that A) Soviet aggression would be met with American force. B) the United States would help rebuild Europe and Japan. C) the United States would support free people resisting subjugation by insurrection or outside interference. D) the United States would never again resort to atomic weapons. E) the United States would participate in the United Nations.
C
The author of All Quiet on the Western Front was A) Ernest Hemingway. B) Oswald Spengler. C) Erich Maria Remarque. D) W. Somerset Maugham. E) Arnold Toynbee
C
The most significant achievement of the sultan Mahmud II was the A) creation of a powerful navy that could challenge British dominance of the Mediterranean. B) legal emancipation of women. C) creation of a modern army. D) creation of a legislative assembly. E) re-conquest of Egypt.
C
The nonalignment movement remained weak primarily because A) of a lack of vision or leadership among member states. B) too few states attended the Bandung Conference to achieve consensus. C) many nonaligned states needed and accepted aid from either the United States or the Soviet Union. D) the United States threatened to invade any country that joined the movement. E) All these answers are correct.
C
The purpose of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was to A) funnel U.S. economic aid to NATO allies. B) attract emerging economies into trade alliances with the United States. C) eliminate barriers to free trade. D) regulate currency rates. E) set fair labor standards for the industrialized nations.
C
The term Manifest Destiny was used to describe A) the inevitability of American independence from Britain .B) the superiority of the U.S. Constitution. C) the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America. D) the superiority of the North to the South during the Civil War. E) all of the above
C
What effect did World War I have on the status of women? A) The demands of total war actually reduced the opportunities for women. B) Women engaged in combat for the first time. C) Women in many countries received the vote in the years after the war. D) Women gained economic status that continued long after the war. E) All these answers are correct.
C
Which of the following is not true regarding Africa during the decades after the Great War? A) Colonial taxation policies were designed to drive Africans into the labor market. B) Using African labor and tax monies, Europeans built economic infrastructure. C) Europeans promoted rapid, intensive industrialization among their colonial possessions. D) The Great Depression exposed the vulnerability of dependent colonial economies. E) All of these are true.
C
Which organization issued a Declaration of Human Rights in 1948? A) EU B) IMF C) UN D) HAART E) OPEC
C
All of the following were essential to the Soviet defense against the Nazis except A) Soviet industrial capacity. B) German overconfidence of a swift victory, which left them trapped far inside Russia when winter came. C) Soviet manpower reserves .D) outrage at the German treatment of Jewish minorities in eastern Europe. E) winter counterattacks by Soviet forces.
D
As a result of the Korean War, A) the government of South Korea successfully unified the Korean peninsula. B) the government of North Korea successfully unified the Korean peninsula. C) Japanese troops established a permanent base in South Korea to contain China. D) China intervened when American troops advanced to its border. E) All these answers are correct.
D
As a result of the ongoing bloodshed, all of the following occurred except A) food shortages in central Europe. B) demonstrations against declining food rations. C) the breakdown of military discipline. D) a communist revolution in Great Britain. E) All these answers are correct.
D
At Wounded Knee in 1890, A) Colonel George Armstrong Custer was defeated by the Lakota Sioux. B) thousands of eastern Cherokee were crowded onto a desolate reservation in Oklahoma. C) Sioux warriors, emboldened by the Ghost Dance movement, attacked and massacred a community of white settlers. D) U.S. cavalry massacred a settlement of 200 Sioux men, women, and children. E) Blackfoot warriors tried unsuccessfully to escape across the border into Canada.
D
At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Nazi leaders decided to A) invade Poland. B) invade the Soviet Union. C) eliminate undesirable minorities in conquered territories in the Soviet Union. D) deport all European Jews to concentration camps in Poland for extermination. E) create the SS Einsatzgruppen.
D
By the end of the nineteenth century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following except A) Bulgaria. B) Germany. C) Greece. D) Ireland. E) Italy.
D
During the "Prague Spring," A) Czechoslovakian leaders demanded that the U.S. pull its forces out of their nation. B) Soviet writers protested their nation's occupation of eastern Europe. C) Czech freedom fighters battled Warsaw Pact forces. D) Alexander Dubek sought to liberalize Czechoslovakian communism. E) None of these answers is correct.
D
During the Great Depression, most nations A) cooperated globally to fight the problem on a scale never seen before. B) dramatically reduced tariffs in an effort to facilitate international trade. C) expanded the money supply and undertook public works to provide jobs. D) practiced economic nationalism. E) pushed for an expansion of trade.
D
During the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, Mexico achieved all of the following except A) construction of rail and telegraph lines. B) industrial expansion. C) paved streets and electric lights in Mexico city. D) improved public health and education. E) significant foreign investment in the Mexican economy
D
French colonies in Africa A) respected existing African political and ethnic boundaries. B) were granted their independence shortly after World War I. C) industrialized with the help of the French. D) were ruled directly by the French. E) All these answers are correct.
D
Gandhi and Nehru opposed the partition of India because A) it would leave Hindu India surrounded by Muslim states .B) it would deprive India of some of its most valuable land. C) they mistrusted Muhammad Ali and the Muslim League. D) they believed that India could be a successful multicultural state. E) All these answers are correct.
D
In 1912, who became the first provisional president of what would become the republic of China? A) Mohandas Gandhi B) Jiang Jieshi C) Puyi D) Sun Yatsen E) Mao Zedong
D
In 1938 Germany sent troops into what country and forced its leaders to accept the Anschluss? A) the Rhineland B) Poland C) France D) Austria E) Czechoslovakia
D
In 2005, the population of the globe was approximately A) 500 million. B) 1 billion. C) 2 billion. D) 6.5 billion. E) 22 billion.
D
Lenin's New Economic Policy of 1921 A) pushed the peasants onto large state-run collectives. B) stripped all land ownership away from the peasants. C) called for a trading alliance with Communist China. D) implemented free market reforms. E) initiated the First Five-Year Plan.
D
Muhammad Ali Jinnah A) led the Civil Disobedience Movement. B) was an adherent of values and virtues discussed in the Bhagavad Gita. C) was Gandhi's main challenger for political leadership of Hindus. D) headed the Muslim League. E) was the founder of the Indian National Congress.
D
Tensions developed between China and the Soviet Union after A) the Soviets refused to buy any Chinese goods. B) the two countries disagreed over who should get control of Taiwan. C) the Soviets tried to prevent the Chinese from developing nuclear weapons. D) the Soviets refused to support China against India and provided China with only modest foreign aid. E) All these answers are correct.
D
The Allied effort to seize the approaches to the Dardanelles Strait in 1915 was significant in that A) it destroyed the Ottoman empire. B) it demonstrated that the British navy was no match for German dreadnoughts. C) this decisive battle finally broke the stalemate on the western front. D) this British-directed debacle cost 250,000 casualties on each side. E) it demonstrated that, after the arrival of American troops, the Allies would win the war.
D
The German Blitzkrieg referred to A) an elaborate series of concrete bunkers built on the experiences of World War I. B) the Nazi plan for a "final solution" to the Jewish question. C) the living space in the east that was necessary for an expanding Germany. D) lightning war. E) the German representative assembly that voted Hitler into power
D
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established to do all of the following except A) promote market economies. B) encourage free trade. C) facilitate high growth rates. D) subsidize state-owned industries in developing nations. E) All these answers are correct.
D
The May Fourth Movement A) was a significant turning point in the evolution of Marcus Garvey's political efforts. B) was a sign of growing Japanese nationalism. C) became the pretext for Japan to invade Manchuria. D) was a movement organized by intellectuals and students aimed at limiting foreign?especially Japanese?influence in China. E) was typical of Gandhi's nonviolent movements.
D
The National Policy for the economic development of Canada included A) tariffs to protect Canadian industry. B) recruitment of immigrants. C) construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. D) all of these: tariffs to protect Canadian industry, recruitment of immigrants, and construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. E) None of these answers is correct.
D
The Schlieffen plan called for A) a quick invasion of Great Britain and destruction of the British navy. B) a quick invasion of Russia so that the war would only be fought on one front. C) a blockade of France to starve that country into submission. D) a swift knockout of France combined with defensive action against Russia. E) simultaneous invasions of France, Britain, and Russia with heavy reliance on the navy.
D
The expression "domestic containment" refers to A) the public hearings to expose spies and communists in the United States in the 1950s. B) strict immigration quotas imposed against people from communist countries. C) efforts to keep communism from taking hold in the western hemisphere. D) the popular retreat to the home and family to escape from the anxieties of the cold war. E) volunteer activities of U.S. housewives to showcase the American way of life.
D
The father of psychoanalysis was A) Werner Heisenberg. B) Oswald Spengler. C) Niokolai Berdiaev. D) Sigmund Freud. E) Albert Einstein.
D
The height of Japanese atrocity in China was reached at the rape of A) Beijing. B) Shanghai. C) Hong Kong. D) Nanjing. E) Manchukuo.
D
The notion that space and time are relative to the person measuring them was first articulated in A) Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. B) Kepler's three principles of interplanetary movement. C) The Decline of the West. D) Einstein's theory of relativity. E) Newton's theory of gravity.
D
The provisional government lost the support of many Russians because it A) continued to use the police apparatus of the tsar. B) continued policies that discriminated against minorities. C) denied Russians the right to free speech and a free press. D) promised to continue the war to victory. E) launched an all-out attack on the workers' soviets.
D
The regime of the Iranian Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi was overthrown because A) he alienated conservative Shia Muslims with his secular reforms. B) his repressive policies alienated leftist politicians. C) he allowed U.S. corporations to heavily influence the economy. D) all of these were the case: he alienated conservative Shia Muslims; he allowed U.S. corporations to heavily influence the economy; and his repressive policies alienated leftist politicians. E) None of these statements are true.
D
Which of the following is not a good example of the Americanization of global culture? A) Burger King B) Coca-Cola C) McDonalds D) Foster's beer E) Pepsi
D
Which of the following is not true about the settlement of Australia? A) The British defined the continent as land belonging to no one. B) The first settlers were mostly convicts, banished from Britain. C) Smallpox and measles reduced the aboriginal populations dramatically. D) Australia became a multicultural society, drawing settlers from all over the Pacific. E) Settlement increased significantly after the discovery of gold.
D
Which of the following statements about human trafficking is least accurate? A) It primarily affects women and girls. B) Many persons are sold into forced labor by their own families. C) Human trafficking generates billions of dollars each year. D) Human trafficking is practiced exclusively in Asia. E) One or two million persons are bought and sold each year
D
Which of the following statements about women in the workforce is least accurate? A) Women in industrialized countries make up half or nearly half of the workforce. B) Women in developing countries make up no more than one-fifth of the workforce. C) Women make up nearly forty percent of the world's farmers. D) After achieving economic equality with men in industrialized countries at the beginning of the twentieth century, women successfully demanded the right to vote. E) In both industrialized and developing countries, most women work in
D
Which of the following was not one of the new artistic movements of the twentieth century? A) expressionism B) cubism C) dadaism D) impressionism E) surrealism
D
Who among the following was an artist who blended artistic vision and radical political ideas in large murals that he created for the appreciation of working people? A) Carmen Miranda B) Lazaro Cardenas C) Victor Raul Haya de la Torre D) Diego Rivera E) Anastacio Somoza Garcia
D
Who among the following was noted for his "good neighbor policy"? A) Woodrow Wilson B) Theodore Roosevelt C) Howard Taft D) Franklin Delano Roosevelt E) Herbert Hoover
D
In response to the Great Depression, economist John Maynard Keynes A) proposed that the government should do nothing and wait out the economic hard times. B) was a big supporter of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff. C) felt that the government should tighten the money supply. D) wrote that capitalism had failed and that it was time for the United States to experiment with communism. E) urged the government to expand the money supply and undertake public works to provide jobs.
E
In the years after World War I, the idea of progress A) gave a sense of hope in the midst of human suffering. B) remained the foundation of Asian thought. C) became even more popular among liberal Christian thinkers. D) was bolstered by the growing popularity of Confucian thought. E) was roundly attacked.
E
Railroads shaped America's society and economy by doing all of the following except A) creating an integrated national economy. B) spurring the development of other industries. C) providing cheap transportation for manufactured and agricultural goods. D) encouraging the development of improved managerial skills. E) undermining support for private property.
E
The Balkans War of 1912-1913 involved all of the following states except A) the Ottoman empire. B) Greece. C) Serbia. D) Romania. E) Italy.
E
The Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 established A) the procedures for purchasing African lands from local rulers. B) the rules of military engagement for European forces overseas. C) that the Americas were off-limits for further European colonization. D) that Africa would be carved into spheres of influence similar to China. E) that, if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony
E
The Mexican Revolution was fundamentally a conflict between A) supporters of the Catholic church and anti-cleric communists. B) liberal and socialist programs for social reform. C) supporters of Emiliano Zapata and supporters of Pancho Villa. D) Mexican business interests and foreign investors. E) conservative landowners and landless peasants.
E
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the catalyst that started World War I because A) he was a unifying force between Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian empire. B) his death caused Russia to rush to the defense of Austria. C) his death caused Germany to rush to the defense of Serbia. D) his death ended plans for national self-determination within the Austro-Hungarian empire. E) his death brought to a head the tensions underlying the alliances in eastern and western Europe.
E
The author of The Decline of the West was A) John Maynard Keynes. B) Gertrude Stein. C) Ernest Hemingway. D) Karl Barth. E) Oswald Spengler.
E
The decline in the American economy in the early 1930s A) had little lasting impact. B) was more psychological than real. C) was modest. D) ended with the election of Franklin Roosevelt in 1932. E) created a disastrous ripple effect across the globe.
E
The end of communism in east and central Europe was peaceful in all of the following states except A) Bulgaria. B) Czechoslovakia. C) Hungary. D) Poland. E) Romania.
E
The gaucho in Argentina is similar to what widely romanticized figure in American history? A) the fur trader B) the solitary prospector C) the homesteader D) the cattle rustler E) the western cowboy
E
The glut of natural rubber in the 1920s adversely affected the economy of A) the U.S. B) Germany. C) South Africa. D) Chile. E) Malaysia.
E
The national rivalries that helped produce World War I included all of the following except A) an expensive naval race between Germany and Britain. B) competition over colonies. C) tariff wars. D) competition for foreign markets. E) a proxy war between Britain and Germany fought in China.
E
The spread of photography A) led many painters to choose the camera as their instrument of expression. B) resulted in a lack of creative artistic expression because of general pessimism. C) led to a new artistic genre that tried to produce paintings that were more accurate than the camera. D) led many painters to take an almost Luddite-like glee in smashing cameras. E) led many painters to believe that the purpose of painting was not to mirror reality but to create it.
E
The westward expansion of the United States took place as a result of the all of the following except A) the acquisition of territory from Britain. B) purchase of land from France. C) the movement of settlers seeking cheap land to cultivate. D) war and purchase from Mexico. E) purchase from indigenous people
E
Under British imperial rule, India was governed A) as a private colony of Queen Victoria. B) as an independent sovereign state, but subject to British authority in foreign affairs. C) as the private domain of the East India Company. D) by Indian princes. E) through an elite Indian civil service staffed by the English and headed by a viceroy.
E
Which of the following was not a cold war flashpoint? A) the Korean War B) the Berlin airlift C) the Vietnam War D) the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan E) the 1971 war between Pakistan and India
E
Which of the following was not a military technology used during World War I? A) machine guns B) armored tanks C) airplanes D) poison gas E) ballistic missiles
E
Which of the following was not a provision of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842? A) Britain gained control of Hong Kong Island. B) British merchants gained extraterritoriality. C) Five Chinese ports were open to foreign trade and residence. D) Britain received most-favored-nation status. E) Japan gained control of the island of Taiwan.
E
