History 112 Midterm

What percent of the Amerindian population was killed by Afro-Eurasian diseases during the sixteenth century?

90%

Which of the following allowed the Spanish to defeat both the Aztec and Inca Empires?

Both empires suffered from internal weakness and divisions that were exploited by the Spanish.

Which of the following is a similarity between indigenous peoples in the Pacific and the Americas?

Both groups had large numbers of people perish from European-introduced disease.

Which of the following accurately characterizes both the American and French Revolutions?

Both introduced republican forms of government.

Which of the following did Captain Cook and Christopher Columbus have in common?

Both of them changed local ecologies by introducing European flora and fauna to unfamiliar environments.

In what way might the transporting of British prisoners to Australia be considered an Enlightenment concept?

Civilized British society would not be undermined by uncivilized populations.

Which of the following contributed to the Black Death's impact on Afro-Eurasian populations?

Climate changes had brought years of famine.

The Columbian Exchange led to which of the following?

Corn (maize) replaced some traditional crops in China and Africa.

What impact did the arrival of corn have in West Africa beginning in the sixteenth century?

Corn contributed the caloric energy needed to transform rain forest into arable land.

How did the industrial revolution affect Europe's relationships with other parts of the world?

Europe became more powerful economically by exporting more goods than it imported.

The establishment of colonies in the Americas in the sixteenth century provided Europeans with which of the following advantages in global trade?

European products that were not esteemed in Afro-Eurasia could be sold in the Americas.

As Africa became increasingly caught up in global economic exchanges during this period, African culture was heavily influenced by European culture.

False

Women in the Ottoman sultan's harem had no political influence

False

In addition to salt, what were the most valuable commodities in the trans-Sahara trade from the eleventh through fifteenth centuries?

Gold and Slaves

Which of the following factors helped create the "industrious" revolution?

Households gave up leisure time to produce more goods for the market in order to buy products produced elsewhere.

In what way was the U.S. Declaration of Independence an Enlightenment document?

It announced that all men were endowed with equal rights.

Which of the following accurately describes a reason cited by the colonists for the North American War of Independence?

King George III insisted that colonists help pay for Britain's war with France and for the benefits of being subjects of the British Empire

How did changes in navigation and multiple-masted cargo ships impact trade?

Merchants gave up using overland trade routes such as the Silk Road.

Why was it necessary to continue to import large numbers of African slaves to replenish labor on sugar plantations?

Most of the slaves were men, who suffered high mortality rates due to overwork and poor conditions.

Which of the following reflects the attitude exhibited by Muslim rulers toward Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians, as long as they accepted Islam's political rule?

Non-Muslims were free to choose their own religious leaders and settle internal disputes.

Which of the following statements is supported by John Locke's notion of the"social contract"?

People have a right to rebel against corrupted government.

What was the economic basis of feudalism in western Europe?

Slavery

South Asia was less severely affected by the Black Death than were settlements along the Silk Road and Mediterranean Sea because

South Asian societies had escaped the Mongol conquest and were not directly linked to Mongol-controlled trade routes.

For what reason did the Chinese take little interest in the maps brought by Matteo Ricci?

The Chinese believed that Ricci's maps made China seem an unimportant country on the edge of the world.

In the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church responded to the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation in which of the following ways?

The church increased missionary efforts abroad.

Which of the following accurately describes Francis of Assisi and his followers?

They preached that European believers should weep, confess their sins to their local priest, and strive to become better Christians.

What ideas did European Enlightenment thinkers hold in common?

They wanted to improve their societies and search for universal, objective knowledge.

Cortés's conquest of Mexico would have been unfeasible without the help of Doña Marina and other Mexican allies.

True

Mongol women took part in battles and athletic competitions such as wrestling.

True

Some historians believe that Muslim astronomers' observations of planetary motion influenced Copernicus.

True

The American Revolution was the first of a series of revolutions to shake the Atlantic world, inspired by new ideas of freedom.

True

The Ming dynasty, like the Ottomans and the European monarchies, enhanced their legitimacy by claiming divine support for their rule.

True

The Ottoman Empire was more ethnically, religiously, and linguistically diverse than any previous Muslim state.

True

The experience of conquering the Aztec Empire taught the Spanish that effective conquest had to be accomplished quickly, completely destroying indigenous symbols of legitimate authority.

True

The industrial revolution brought more demanding work routines to Africa and Asia as well as to Europe and North America.

True

Which of the following characterized the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte in France?

a centralized, efficient state

Which of John Locke's ideas formed the basis of the Declaration of Independence?

a social contract binding both ruler and ruled

The Janissaries were

bureaucrats who helped Ottoman sultans limit the autonomy of local rulers.

In the fourteenth century, political stabilization in southern Europe was aided by

economic growth through sea trade with southwest Asia.

Emperor Hongwu, because he distrusted state bureaucrats and wished to be seen as the guardian of his subjects,

entrusted management of the rural regions to local leaders.

Which of the following was essential to the Aztec state's legitimacy?

kinship and clan networks

Calls for political revolution in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world relied on which of the following new ideas?

nationalism and democracy

The magnetic needle compass was important because it allowed navigators to do what?

sail under cloudy skies on the open seas

What invention transformed sugar refining, pottery making, and textile making?

steam engine

Populations in both China and Western Europe succumbed to the plague in large numbers because both had

suffered from years of famine and food shortages that had weakened their populations

Which of the following was the most successful Islamic state in India during the thirteenth century?

the Delhi Sultanate

In which Muslim state did the clerics view themselves as both religious and political enforcers against any heretical authority?

the Safavid dynasty

Which of the following was a major consequence of the Renaissance?

the development of a network of independent, educated people who were more interested in individual talent than noble rank

Which of the following is one of the elements vital to the creation of Europe's Christian identity?

the emergence of universities and a class of intellectuals associated with them

Which group closed off the studies into European science, history, and geography begun by Ibrahim Muteferrika?

the ulama