History 1120 final review

What impact did Vasca da Game have on Africa? a. he created new trade links between East Africa and India b. he colonized Madagascar c. he made the first trans-Atlantic slave voyage d. he brought an end to Swahili independence

d. he brought an end to Swahili independence

By the mid-sixteenth century, what empire had established control over eastern Mediterranean routes to trading centers in Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and the rest of North Africa? a. Safavid b. Spain c. Mali d. Ottoman

Ottoman

The beginning of European exploration and expansion was marked by Portugal's 1415 conquest of what city? a. Ceuta b. Cairo c. Casablanca d. Tangiers

a. Ceuta

coptic christianity was practiced in which African country? a. Ethiopia b. Hausaland c. Mali d. Senegambia

a. Ethiopia

kemal declared that Turkish law was going to be based on which of the following? a. European secular law b. traditional Turkish customs c. sacred shari'a law d. the new soviet law code

a. European secular law

who was the leader of the final campaign to unite north and south Italy? a. Giuseppe garibaldi b. father gioberti c. victor Emmanuel d. camillo di cavour

a. Giuseppe garibaldi

which Christian monastic order brought Christianity to Japan? a. Jesuits b. Franciscans c. Benedictines d. Capuchins

a. Jesuits

For the British East India Company, who were the sepoys? a. Native Indian troops b. British sailors c. Armenian merchants d. Sufi mystics

a. Native Indian troops

which of the following best describes John Calvin's doctrine of salvation? a. Predestination b. Justification by faith c. Salvation through good works d. Sacramentalism

a. Predestination

what happened at the battle of tannenberg and the battle of the masurian lakes that would result in far-reaching consequences? a. Russia suffered staggering losses b. austria was forced to retreat deep into its territory c. France stopped two German offensives d. germany lost two of its leading generals

a. Russia suffered staggering losses

Where was the center of Timur's empire? a. Samarkand b. Kabul c. Isfahan d. Baghdad

a. Samarkand

What was the Reconquista? a. Spanish Christians "reconquering" the Iberian Peninsula from Muslims b. The Spanish conquest of Mexico c. Marco Polo's voyage to China d. The voyages of Zheng He

a. Spanish Christians "reconquering" the Iberian Peninsula from Muslims

following the acquisition of the Philippines by the United States... a. US forces spent four years in a bloody war to suppress filipinos who sought independence b. the Americans proposed a twenty-year phase of self-rule for filipinos c. the United States sold the islands to Japan for $26 million and fishing rights in the Sea of Japan d. the Americans were expelled by the filipinos who established philippine independence

a. US forces spent four years in a bloody war to suppress filipinos who sought independence

who is generally considered the architect of French absolutism because they strengthened royal control? a. cardinal Richelieu b. Oliver Cromwell c. Catherine di medici d. John locke

a. cardinal Richelieu

what was a major difference between Ming China and Europe? a. china lacked a hereditary, titled aristocracy b. merchants in china were respected and powerful c. china refused to trade with other cultures d. china renounced warfare and the military

a. china lacked a hereditary, titled aristocracy

what did president Woodrow Wilson believe would help to avert future wars? a. creating a league of nations b. disarming and punishing Germany c. continuing wartime alliances d. fortifying the French- German border

a. creating a league of nations

for asians, what was the most important aspect of president Wilson's fourteen points? a. educated asians were particularly interested in Wilson's idea of national self-determination b. west asians, in particular, were very supportive of the mandate system c. most asians were very excited about the prospect of the league of nations d. the most important aspect to asians was the promise of open diplomacy

a. educated asians were particularly interested in Wilson's idea of national self-determination

above all else, what did the Japanese ultranationalist support? a. foreign expansion b. a complete rejection of Chinese buddhism c. the restoration of the emperor to power d. strict isolationism

a. foreign expansion

what was Zhu Yuanzhang's adult path tp becoming emperor? a. from monk to rebel to general to emperor b. from soldier to rebel to prisoner to emperor c. from tac collector to soldier to emperor d. from merchants to rebel to emperor

a. from monk to rebel to general to emperor

what was one of Stalin's rationales for the "second revolution"? a. he thought that the Soviet Union survival depended on catching up with the west b. he was attempting to move agriculture to south russia c. he wanted to finish what Lenin had started d. he wanted to keep the peasants distracted and prevent them from revolting

a. he thought that the Soviet Union survival depended on catching up with the west

what class did Marx believe would rise up in revolution? a. industrial factory workers b. the middle class c. intellectuals d. the landed aristocracy

a. industrial factory workers

scholars have determined that the transatlantic slave trade has what effect on African societies? a. it led to wars that destabilized the political structure of many states b. it laid the foundation for European colonies c. it led to technological development because of population decline d. it hastened the Christianization of the sub-Sahara

a. it led to wars that destabilized the political structure of many states

which of the following is associated with 19th century Liberalism? a. laissez-faire economics b. abolition of private property c. abolitionism d. absolutist monarchy

a. laissez-faire economics

king Leopold 2 promised his fellow European powers that he would do what in the Congo free state? a. promote christianity and civilization b. free all slaves he encountered and rid the territory of slave traders c. increase the exportation of palm oil to further industrialization in Europe d. build schools

a. promote christianity and civilization

what is true about the relationship between the Creoles and the peninsula's in Latin America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries? a. the Creoles resented the economic and political dominance of the peninsulares b. the peninsulares tried to woo the creoles into an alliance c. the two groups joined forces against the Indians and mestizos d. both competed for favors from Spain

a. the Creoles resented the economic and political dominance of the peninsulares

which of the following was a primary cause of the French Revolution of 1848? a. the French government refused to consider electoral reforms b. women in the major cities were angry over high bread prices c. workers in France's silk factories were upset over factory wages d. the landed aristocracy was dissatisfied over questions of property ownership

a. the French government refused to consider electoral reforms

which of the following was a result of the first and second balkan wars? a. the Ottoman Empire suffered major territorial losses b. austria- Hungary agreed to give Romania its independence c. balkan nationalists suffered significant setbacks d. germany had an opportunity to display its impressive new naval firepower

a. the Ottoman Empire suffered major territorial losses

what was the British government's response to the Boston Tea Party? a. the coercive act b. the treaty of Paris c. the tennis court oath d. they chose not to respond at all

a. the coercive act

which of the following was a by-product of the scientific revolution? a. the desire to classify humans by race b. religious revivalism c. absolutism d. constitutionalism

a. the desire to classify humans by race

what does the fate of the La Valencia mine in post independence Mexico exemplify about the nation's economic development? a. the economy withered and trade collapsed b. the economy became stronger and more diversified c. investment by the United States was needed to strengthen the economy d. the economy became more dependent of the export of precious metals

a. the economy withered and trade collapsed

what did the Factory Act of 1833 stipulate about children under nine years of age in the factories? a. they were allowed to work only 8 hours a day b. they had to be released immediately from their debts c. they were banned from employment d. they could work only if their parents also worked

a. they were allowed to work only 8 hours a day

by 1830 in Britain and by 1860 in Germany and France, what had changed about leading industrialists? a. they were more likely to have inherited their business b. they were mostly from poor backgrounds and built their businesses from scratch c. they were more likely to leave their business to a daughter than in earlier times d. they were unaware of how they differed from others financially

a. they were more likely to have inherited their business

under the culture system, what was required of Indonesian peasants? a. they were required to devote one-fifth of their land to export crops for taxes b. they had to conduct all business transactions in dutch c. they had to work on large, state-run farms, which grew only cash crops d. they were required to convert to and attend the dutch reformed church

a. they were required to devote one-fifth of their land to export crops for taxes

when slavery was abolished in Cuba in 1886, who replaced africans in the cane fields? a. south asian free laborers b. Chinese indentured servants c. Japanese debtors d. Turkish immigrants

b. Chinese indentured servants

who declared himself emperor of the French in 1852? a. Simon Bolivar b. Louis-napoleon Bonaparte c. Louis Philippe d. James watt

b. Louis-napoleon Bonaparte

Which city was a major entrepôt at the choke point between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean? a. Genoa b. Malacca c. Macao d. Cape Bojador

b. Malacca

Mansa Musa was emperor of what west African empire? a. Ghana b. Mali c. Songhai d. Benin

b. Mali

during the Meiji era, Japan became an imperial power, making which of the following into its colonies? a. the Philippines and Laos b. Taiwan and Korea c. China and Mongolia d. Manchuria and Siam

b. Taiwan and Korea

The assembly called by Charles V in Valladolid, Spain, in 1550 debated what issue? a. The role of women in society b. The exploitation of the native population of the Americas c. The Catholic Counter-Reformation d. Relations with the Muslim Ottoman Empire

b. The exploitation of the native population of the Americas

what was the main reason for the fall of the Safavid Empire? a. a lack of religious unity b. a weak military c. insufficient trade with foreigners d. the aggressive Mughals

b. a weak military

how much of Mexico's territory did the USA gain as a result of the Texas War of Independence and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? a. about one-third b. about one-half c. the Gadsden Purchase d. none

b. about one-half

what was a consequence of the 1911 revolution of china? a. china came under the direct rule of Britain b. china became a republic modeled on western political ideas c. china agreed to self-rule for all of its provinces d. china became a constitutional monarchy

b. china became a republic modeled on western political ideas

which of the following was an important contributing factor to Europe's "age of crisis"? a. Columbus's voyages b. climate change associated with cooling temperatures c. mongol invasions d. the Reconquista

b. climate change associated with cooling temperatures

the great majority of the slaves sent to the Americas were to be employed in which of the following? a. tobacco plantations of British North America b. coffee and sugar plantations in the Caribbean and South America c. Gold and silver mines in Central and South America d. cotton plantations of British North America

b. coffee and sugar plantations in the Caribbean and South America

in Ming China, social status was based on which of the following? a. land ownership b. education c. military status d. Daoist piety

b. education

germany was united following its victory in which war? a. crimean war b. franco-prussian war c. java war d. austro-prussian war

b. franco-prussian war

by the mid-nineteenth century, a new paradigm of social relations suggested that... a. most people did not develop an awareness of their particular social class b. individuals were members of separate classes based on their relationship to the means of production c. peasants ans industrial workers saw themselves as united "laborers" against the traditional aristocracy d. an ideal society would adopt equality for women

b. individuals were members of separate classes based on their relationship to the means of production

when and why did the Great Depression start? a. it began in 1923 when germany defaulted on its reparations b. it began in 1929 when the US stock market crashed c. it began in 1935 when the WPA was established d. it began in 1931 when Japan invaded Manchuria

b. it began in 1929 when the US stock market crashed

which of the following was true of the mandates system in the league of nations? a. it demonstrated that the west was committed to the modernization of its colonies b. it showed that the europeans were committed to maintaining the imperial system c. it was generally well received in asia d. it was included at the request of Indian nationalists

b. it showed that the europeans were committed to maintaining the imperial system

quinine proved an effective protection against what debilitating disease? a. smallpox b. malaria c. syphilis d. yellow fever

b. malaria

what was one important German response to the Austro-prussian war of 1866? a. industrial workers rebelled and captured William I b. middle-class liberals adopted Bismarck's brand of nationalism c. catholics formed a political party to protect their interests d. critics of the government were imprisoned and/or deported by Bismarck

b. middle-class liberals adopted Bismarck's brand of nationalism

What 17th century English mercantilist laws greatly restricts other countries' rights to trade with England and its colonies? a. bill of rights b. navigation acts c. law of mercantilism d. Adam smith laws

b. navigation acts

why was absenteeism a problem in the early sixteenth century? a. rulers left on long campaigns and lost touch with the needs of their people b. priests hired to fill the benefices were often of poor quality and poorly paid c. fathers were absent for long periods as they traveled to earn money to support their family d. absent landlords had little idea of the agricultural conditions of the season

b. priests hired to fill the benefices were often of poor quality and poorly paid

what did europeans fear about Muhammad Ali taking over parts of the Ottoman Empire? a. that he was too friendly with russia b. that his dynamic personality would revive ottoman power c. that he was a zionist d. that the ottomans would cease to be a buffer between western Europe and Egypt

b. that his dynamic personality would revive ottoman power

what document called for the establishment of the jewish state in Palestine? a. the versailles peace settlement b. the Balfour declaration c. the Lucknow agreement d. Woodrow Wilson's fourteen points

b. the Balfour declaration

in 1916 leaders of the congress party and India's muslim league signed what agreement? a. the Bombay agreement b. the Lucknow pact c. the Hyderabad treaty d. the rowlatt acts

b. the Lucknow pact

which of the following had an official policy of toleration which led to European rabbis encouraging Jews to move there? a. the Holy Roman Empire b. the Ottoman Empire c. the Byzantine Empire d. Mughal India

b. the Ottoman Empire

what sparked the ottoman janissary revolt of 1826? a. the government put pork into rations b. the janissaries were ordered to drill in European style c. a janissary had been stoned for desertion d. the sultan ordered the disbanding of the janissaries

b. the janissaries were ordered to drill in European style

the Glorious Revolution of 1688 brought an end to what in England? a. monarchy b. the theory of divine right monarchy c. privileges for the aristocracy d. the hopes for democracy

b. the theory of divine right monarchy

who did Abbe Sieyes argue should have more authority in the Estates General? a. the high-ranking clergy b. the third estate c. royal ministers d. the landed nobility

b. the third estate

who did Hong Xiquana, the leader of the Taiping Rebellion, believe he was? a. the latest incarnation of the Buddha b. the younger brother of Jesus Christ c. the only person who could bring democracy to China d. a general in the modernized Japanese army

b. the younger brother of Jesus Christ

how did humanists of the fifteenth century help provide a foundation for the Scientific Revolution? a. they established the world's first universities b. they emphasized the value of acquiring practical knowledge c. they rejected Greek ideas and learning to make a break with the past d. they focused not he physical nature of the universe

b. they emphasized the value of acquiring practical knowledge

what was the status of merchants in Tokugawa Japan? a. they has tremendous influence over the shogun b. they had economic wealth but no political power c. they had the right to one-third of all tax-rice in the cities d. they had no relationships with the daimyo

b. they had economic wealth but no political power

what ideas united the victorious allies at the Congress of Vienna? a. they were all motivated by a desire to punish France harshly and reduced it in size b. they were all motivated by traditional ideas about the balance of power c. they sought to establish constitutional monarchies in the areas conquered by Napoleon d. they all wanted to resurrect the Holy Roman Empire under Habsburg rule

b. they were all motivated by traditional ideas about the balance of power

what were the people of Paris looking for when they stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789? a. food b. weapons c. money d. the king

b. weapons

At the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, the Ottoman Turks a. Killed off most of the Hungarian nobility b. were defeated by a multinational Catholic fleet c. established a foothold at Otranto in Italy d. defeated Shah Abbas

b. were defeated by a multinational Catholic fleet

what was the continental system under Napoleon? a. an attempt to conquer North America b.an attempt to harm the British economy by blocking its trade with Europe c. the failed conquest of Russia d. the establishing of free trade in Europe

b.an attempt to harm the British economy by blocking its trade with Europe

what was the root cause of the Thirty Years' War? a. Economic dislocation b. Political upheaval in France c. Conflicts between Catholics and Protestants d. Lutheran- Catholic tensions

c. Conflicts between Catholics and Protestants

In the fifteenth century, Kano and Katsina in Hausaland became centers for which of the following? a. African-style feudalism b. Artistic creativity c. Islamic scholarship d. Transatlantic slave trade

c. Islamic scholarship

which of the following was an important feature of the governing of the Mughal Empire under Akbar? a. all business was conducted in Turkish as the state language b. Akbar relied exclusively on the military for control c. Akbar discouraged religious or ethnic factions at court d. slaves filled most administrative positions

c. Akbar discouraged religious or ethnic factions at court

How did Martin Luther's ideas appeal to local German rulers? a. Luther promised greater taxes and loyalty to local rulers b. local German princes supported education and learning c. Luther frequently used the phrase "we Germans" to appeal to national feeling d. Luther emphasized a conservation role for women

c. Luther frequently used the phrase "we Germans" to appeal to national feeling

what two countries agreed to split the newly discovered lands in the Treaty of Tordesillas? a. Venice and Genoa b. Spain and Italy c. Portugal and Spain d. England and France

c. Portugal and Spain

in china, what was the Long march? a. the communist offensive that ended with their taking of Beijing b. the effort of 50,000 troops to defend the main communist army at kunlun pass c. a tactical communist retreat during which tens of thousands lost their lives d. Mao zedong's symbolic description of the communists rise to power

c. a tactical communist retreat during which tens of thousands lost their lives

what did Serbia and Russia have in common that made them allies before WW1? a. both countries had socialist governments b. both countries were predominantly catholic c. both countries were slavic d. both countries hated Germany

c. both countries were slavic

non-chinese regions to the south generally supplied what to the Ming Dynasty under Taizu? a. rice b. fish c. eunuchs d. confucian scholars

c. eunuchs

which of the following did the German philosopher Immanuel Kant argue was fundamental to the success of the Enlightenment? a. individuals should not have to obey laws that are unjust b. only though revolution could meaningful change be effected. c. individuals must have the right to full and total free speech d. serious thinkers must have the freedom to exercise their reason publicly in print

c. individuals must have the right to full and total free speech

the great famine of 1845-1851 devastated the population of what country? a. russia b. England c. ireland d. france

c. ireland

which of the following characterized nazi culture under hitler? a. it was antiwar b. the was pro free market c. it was anti intellectuals d. it was pro multicultural

c. it was anti intellectuals

stalin ordered what group to be obliterated as a class? a. nobles b.artists c. kulaks d. intellectuals

c. kulaks

the La Reforma changes to Mexican society in the mid-1850s tended to advance the interests of... a. army b. conservative landowners c. liberal leaders d. the Catholic Church

c. liberal leaders

in 1818, the British east India company controlled territory in India that was occupied by... a. 60 million people b. more people than lived in all of china c. more people than lived in all of Western Europe d. 35 million people

c. more people than lived in all of Western Europe

in which country did the US kill 200,000 people in order to prevent it from gaining independence? a. cuba b. Panama c. philippines d. Liberia

c. philippines

the October manifesto of Nicholas 2 created the duma, which was what? a. a reform movement with the army b. a modern railroad to Siberia c. russia's popularly elected parliament d. the new liberal constitution

c. russia's popularly elected parliament

What did the Spanish discover at Potosi in the sixteenth century? a. silk worms b. large veins of gold c. silver, in large quantities d. several mines with a plentiful supply of iron ore

c. silver, in large quantities

in August 1791, who revolted on the island of Saint-Domingue? a. all people of color b. free people of color c. slaves. d. spanish laborers

c. slaves.

The Spanish conquest of Tenochtitlan was aided by what disease? a. measles b. bubonic plague c. smallpox d. syphilis

c. smallpox

why did Palestine become the destination of most jewish immigrants after 1921? a. the educated arab population living there welcomed jewish intellectuals b. the Balfour declaration was revoked by the league of nations c. the United States placed severe limits on immigration from Eastern Europe d. anti-semitism among arabs was in decline and businesses were cheap

c. the United States placed severe limits on immigration from Eastern Europe

Germany's initial offensive was stopped on the outskirts of Paris at what battle? a. the battle of Verdun b. the battle of the somme c. the first battle of the marne d. the battle of Ypres

c. the first battle of the marne

at the end of the nineteenth century, white-collar employees were identified with what group? a. the working class b. labor aristocracy c. the middle class d. the propertied class

c. the middle class

what was the Yaqui Indian experience of the Porfiriato in Mexico from 1876? a. they were able to gain access to the technocratic class b. they were able to finally attain regional autonomy c. they has their land taken by the government d. they benefitted from an end to all slavery in Mexico

c. they has their land taken by the government

what motivated the Afrikaners to make their great trek northward in 1836? a. they were looking for better farmland b. they heard that diamonds had been found c. they resented the movements toward black equality taking place in the care colony d. they wanted to protest the atrocities being committed against blacks in South Africa

c. they resented the movements toward black equality taking place in the care colony

in 1931 gandhi and tens of thousands of Indians were beaten and jailed for what reason? a. they had refused to take jobs working for the British b. they had refused to buy English cloth c. they were involved in a massive resistance campaign against the tax on salt d. they were protesting the liquor tax

c. they were involved in a massive resistance campaign against the tax on salt

how did early factory work affect family life? a. traditional family structures were irrevocably broken b. families were often separated as parents abandoned children to purse factory work c. workers often came to the mills and mines and were employed as whole family units d. factory work upset traditional gender roles as women increasingly worked outside the home

c. workers often came to the mills and mines and were employed as whole family units

which of the following is not true about the Berlin Conference? a. no africans were in attendance b. it enabled europeans to go from possessing 20% of Africa to 90% c. it was presided over by Otto von Bismarck d. Attendees pledged to extend slavery into their colonial territories

d. Attendees pledged to extend slavery into their colonial territories

which of the following contributed in large part to the escalation of tension between Britain and Germany after 1900? a. increasing British investment in the German economy b. Britain's decision to aid Japan in the Russo-japanese War c. the anglo-russian agreement of 1907 d. Germany's decision to dramatically expand its naval forces

d. Germany's decision to dramatically expand its naval forces

what was the root cause of reformation in England? a. loss of faith in the Catholic Church amongst the nobility b. preaching by Lutheran ministers converted thousands of people c. war with Catholic Spain d. Henry VIII's desire to obtain a divorce from his wife

d. Henry VIII's desire to obtain a divorce from his wife

which of the following was an important factor in the strengthening of French absolutism? a. the success of the Fronde and other rebellions b. the expulsion of the most important nobles from Versailles c. the tight control King Louis XIV kept on his first minister d. Louis XIV's refusal to call the Estates General

d. Louis XIV's refusal to call the Estates General

Japan resigned from the league of nations after the league objected to Japanese aggression in what country? a. the Philippines b. Korea c. vietnam d. Manchuria

d. Manchuria

what was the religious basis of the Safavid Dynasty? a. Sunni Islam b. Hinduism c. Orthodox Christianity d. Shi'ite Islam

d. Shi'ite Islam

The encomiendas were essentially legalized forms of what? a. Prostitution b. Immigration c. Trade d. Slavery

d. Slavery

what was the Lotus League? a. a cult of the Maitrya Buddha that revolted against the Yuan Dynasty b. the shock troops of the Tokugawa Shogunate c. the Geisha guild in Edo d. a commoner run religious sect that collected taxes and settled disputes during Japan's civil war

d. a commoner run religious sect that collected taxes and settled disputes during Japan's civil war

in the stateless societies of Senegambia, which of the following contributed to community loyalty and law enforcement? a. gender-specific roles b. strong, patriarchal clans c. community wide assemblies d. age-grade systems

d. age-grade systems

Germany's schliefen plan seemed to indicate that the country... a. did not expect to go to war with Russia b. expected a war of approximately thirty months c. was relying heavily on Italy and the Ottoman Empire d. anticipated war on two fronts simultaneously

d. anticipated war on two fronts simultaneously

how can leni Riefenstahl's film triumph of the will be described? a. as a bizarre expressionist masterpiece b. as brilliantly dramatizing the communist view of Russia history c. as inspiring Britain to persevere during the great depression d. as a masterpiece of nazi propaganda

d. as a masterpiece of nazi propaganda

which of the following was a working class movement that emerged in Britain in the late 1830s? a. parliamentarianism b. liberalism c. nationalism d. chartism

d. chartism

the Karlsbad Decrees are an example of what political philosophy in post-Napoleonic Europe? a. liberalism b. socialism c. nationalism d. conservatism

d. conservatism

in the boxer rebellion, the boxers blamed china's problems on which of the following? a. European imperialism across Asia b. the emperor, whim they called weak and corrupt c. militarism in Japan d. foreign missionaries who criticized the nation

d. foreign missionaries who criticized the nation

who was put on trial for promoting the heliocentric middle of the cosmos? a. copernicus b. bacon c. descartes d. galileo

d. galileo

what characterized Mussolini's policies for women? a. he required that women be given 20 percent of all higher level jobs in industry b. they were more far reaching than those in the soviet union c. he liberalized divorce laws d. he favored a return to traditional roles and encouraged women to have many children

d. he favored a return to traditional roles and encouraged women to have many children

what was the most significant error of Ptolemy's Geography? a. his work left out the continent of Asia b. he pictured the Earth as flat c. his maps had latitude but no longitude d. he was unaware of the Americas and underestimated the Earth's size

d. he was unaware of the Americas and underestimated the Earth's size

how did British rule in India change after the great revolt of 1857? a. Britain made it illegal for the lower castes to own rifles b. the British east India company closed British schools for the Indian elite c. queen Victoria appointed an Indian governor-general who answered directly to her d. india was ruled directly by the British government

d. india was ruled directly by the British government

How did the upper middle class in Europe change as the nineteenth century progressed? a. it expressed a high degree of social conscience b. it retained a frugal attitude and modest display of wealth c. it began to form tighter bonds with the rest of the middle class d. it tended to merge with the old aristocracy

d. it tended to merge with the old aristocracy

which of the following is not a reason Britain was the first to industrialize? a. its well-developed infrastructure b. an intellectual climate that fostered empiricism and innovation c. its advanced financial system d. its absolutist system of government

d. its absolutist system of government

under the Tokugawa, how were the roles of many daimyo transformed? a. war and poverty turned many into rural peasants b. to atone for their violence, many became Shinto priests c. many daimyo became wealthy merchants d. many daimyo became idle urban consumers

d. many daimyo became idle urban consumers

president Roosevelt's works program administration was established to do which of the following? a. dictate how many employees every business should have b. stabilize the nation's banks c. create unemployment insurance that paid the jobless d. solve the problem of unemployment

d. solve the problem of unemployment

Many Enlightenment thinkers believed which of the following? a. the ordinary people could not improve their lives b. that those in power would always resist progressive change c. that faith was meaningless to an enlightened person d. that the methods of science should be used to examine all aspects of life

d. that the methods of science should be used to examine all aspects of life

which statement is true about global living standards in 1750? a. the living standard in china was higher than the rest of the world b. living standards in muslims empires were still higher than in Europe c. the average living standard in Europe was significantly higher than in the rest of the world d. the average living standard in Europe was no higher than in the rest of the world

d. the average living standard in Europe was no higher than in the rest of the world

in Brazil, what political changes grew out of the conflict with Paraguay? a. the conflict strengthened the institution of slavery b. the conflict discredited liberalism c. the conflict strengthened the position of Pedro 2 d. the conflict encouraged liberal political reform

d. the conflict encouraged liberal political reform

to what did the term manifest destiny refer? a. the abolition of slavery in the united states b. the growth of democracy in the united states c. the industrialization of the united states d. the spread of the United States over the continent of North America

d. the spread of the United States over the continent of North America

what was the ideological justification for slavery adopted by African rulers from Islamic societies? a. they argued that Africans were an inferior race who were better off as salves b. they rationalized it by saying slaves lacked immortal souls c. they believed slavery was necessary for economic development d. they argued that prisoners of war could be sold and that captured people were chattel

d. they argued that prisoners of war could be sold and that captured people were chattel

what was unusual about the Ottoman ruling class? a. they were required to perform lifelong military service to the Sultan b. they were required to be descendants of Turkish families from Anatolia c. they passed on their wealth through a system of hereditary rights d. they did not own land

d. they did not own land

how were chattel slaves viewed? a.most were considered to be members of the owner's family b. chattel slaves has the right to inherit land and wealth c. usually, they were slaves who had status and power d. they were commodities that were considered subhuman property

d. they were commodities that were considered subhuman property

what was one of the special privileges enjoyed by European nobility in the eighteenth century? a. they were given the right to purchase titles b. they has a monopoly on road tariffs c. they could take control of a guild of their choosing d. they were given an exemption from taxes

d. they were given an exemption from taxes

at the end of the war, how were women in Britain, Germany, and austria rewarded for their war efforts? a. they were granted more property rights b. their salaries were increased c. they were finally allowed to run for public office d. they were given the right to vote

d. they were given the right to vote

what was the main economic goal of European imperialists in Africa? a. to encourage sustainable indigenous industrial development b. to develop new settlements to be populated by working-class europeans c. to develop markets for industrial goods in the European colonies d. to connect africa to world markets in a way that would be profitable for the europeans

d. to connect africa to world markets in a way that would be profitable for the europeans

by 1950, 75 percent of all soviet doctors were what? a. former kulaks b. retired army officers c. jews d. women

d. women

the tsar abdicated following a bread march in Petrograd held predominately by whom? a. monks b. soldiers c. farmers d. women

d. women