History 350 exam 1
Louis Pastuer (1822-1895)
Creator of rabies vaccine, and proved that anthrax was cause by bacteria
Dr. Ben Rush
Most famous doctor of colonial period
Medical Licenses
by 1900 every state has some sort of regulation on doctors
Robert Koch (1843-1910)
created cure for tuberculosis (sort of)
Charity Hospital in NOLA 1730's
disgustingly dirty hospital, but people went there to train because of their surplus of bodies
Quack doctors
fake doctors, people who claimed more training than they actually had
American Medical Association
founded 1847, comprised of 3 levels (National, State, local)
Gregor Mendel
pea dude, 1880, genetics
Harry Laughin
successor of Charles Davenport as directed of eugenics record office
Clara Barton
Founder of the Red Cross
Dispensarys
Free medical clinics where doctors volunteered their time, students learned. generally very poor patients
Florence Nightingale
(1820-1910)
5 reasons hospitals got better
1) less necessary to see patients at home 2) Increase in demand of medical care 3) Hospitals were becoming safer, not just a place to go die 4) urbanization 5) were beginning to be run for profit
Professionalization (3 steps)
1. Control access to the group 2. Require special training 3. Prove that the services that you are offering are effective
College of Philadelphia
1765, 1st medical school (became upenn)
Medical society of New Jersey
1766, drew up standard of fees
Samuel Thomson (thomsonians)
1769-1843, self taught herbalist, believed cold caused illness, 1820's released book and kit for self healing
Journal of the AMA
1870's, became one of the most influential medical journals
Bateriological Revolution/Germ theory
1870's-1900
American Public health association
1872
American Nurses Association
1896, founded in philly
National Tuberculosis Association
1904, christmas stamps
American Eugenics society
1922, founded by Harry Laughlin
Carrie Buck, Buck vs. bell
1927, court case of woman who was sterilized against her will, court ruled not in her favor
Louisiana Health Department
1st one, 1850's
Miasma
Bad air, deseases came from bad air
Dorothea Dix
Bad ass nurse, insisted her nurses be plain, Superintendent of nurses for the union army
Humoral Theory
Blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile
Joseph Lister (1827-1912)
British surgeon, Was a forefather of having clean operating rooms, instruments, washing hands, etc. not widely accepted until the 1880's (BR)
Wooster Beach
Defected from thomsonians, wanted formal training, was against bleeding and excessive drug use
Anesthesias
Ester and Chloroform
Henry H Goddard
Eugenics proponent, Goddard-Bient test
Elizabeth Blackwell
First woman to receive medical degree
Abraham Flexner
Investigator of medical schools, ranked the medicals schools in order of greatness (Flexner report 1910)
Social medicine
Meaning that all people played a role in medicine in the 17th century. No formal training, just picked up knowledge along the way.
Walter Channing
Midwife from Boston, kicked out of harvard
Martha Ballard
Midwife from Hallowell Maine, well respected, did more than just deliver babies
Janet Alexander
Midwife from Scottland
Charles Davenport
Original director of eugenics office, "breeding humans"
William T Jenkins
Public health official of port of NYC during cholera outbreak 1866
Midwifery
Started as a woman's professor. no formal training just skills learned along the way
Thomas Malthus
believed population would become out of control, because checks of famine, plague, wars were not controlling population and infant mortality rates were at an all time low
Samuel Hahnemann
Thought traditional medicine did more harm than good, "like cures like", self tested many things on himself "provings"
Surgery
With the advent of better anesthesias more surgeries were preformed. Death from infection was still rempant
