History 561

- Catherine the Great's Response to a Petition to Establish a Russian Colony, 1788, IAC pp. 112- 114

...Why is this document important? (historical significance both directly and in relation to the major themes of the class, both at the time and in what it reflects about colonial American history) reflects Russian emperors, isolationists, kept themselves contained document is the reason Russia was not a player in the colonization of North America represents the status of what English, French, and Dutch colonies are at this time says it's unprofitable Other Westerners and Europeans are thinking about what's going on in America look more at themes of the paper topics which are on Sakai fully defines the effect of the failures -> gives historic interpretation from someone who was much closer to the time period, culmination of what we have been seeing happen everywhere, writing some of the same things we have said in class always focus on the colonizers, makes us aware that there were people and places who had no interest in colonizing the Americas

Great Law of the Iroquois League, c. 1300s (recorded late 1800s)

AUTHOR - Seth Newhouse (Mohawk), Albert Cusick PLACE - New York, Pennsylvania, Southeastern Canada TYPE - Constitution PURPOSE - Brought an ending to constant warfare between 5 NA Tribes. Purpose - recording of the Great Peace to stop the constant warfare, became "People of the Longhouse" and united the five iroquoian nations into a confederacy for making big decisions, warfare, ect. important because it was one of the first historical accounts of how society should function between these five nations. THEME "Complex Poli and Soci in NA" "Balance of Power NA" "Power & Agency of NA"

Osage Creation Account (Black Bear Clan Version), Recorded 1920's

Author - Francis La Flesche, Omaha Indian Places - Missouri River Valley, contemporary Oklahoma Type - Secondary Source (translation) It was originally a tale that would have been told aloud Purpose - outlines creationist story using animals, spirits, etc. Important - discussion of exploration before colonial history. to show how history is transcribed into writing and how symbolism is involved when interpreting history. THEME: Motivation Behind Colonization Map vs. Reality

thomas campanius holm's engraving of new sweden, 1640's

Author: Thomas Campanius place: New Sweden in Wilmington, Delaware; type: picture, art purpose:shows indians and merchants working together avoiding monopoly of Dutch West India Company. importance- seventeenth-century iroquoia and its neighbors. shows positive interactions between native americans and colonists.

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca's Shipwreck off the Texas Coast, 1528 - 36

author - Cabeza de Vaca type of document - primary document place - "Bad Luck Island," off the coast of Texas purpose - explains first interactions and distrust between spanish and indians, specifically Karankawas importance - early spanish explorations and its lessons.

Francois Froger's Plan of Ft. St. Jacques, Gambia, 1695

author - Francois Froger place- ft. st. jacques - slave trading fort on an island in gambia river on the coast of west africa. type: primary document - sketch of fort. purpose - french illustration of african slave trade port importance - the beginnings of american slavery. africans on the coast gave europeans this bit of land and brought captured enemies to sell as slaves. tens of thousands of west africans passed through this fort, bound for slavery in North America.

John Winthrop on Founding New England, 1630

author - John Winthrop; Puritan leader aboard the Arabella to New England document: primary document places - Massachusetts Bay Colony purpose - to discuss his concerns of modeling as the governor. as a protestant, he wants to "improve our lives" and "to do more service to the Lord", be a city on the hill importance: western europe before 1492. showed views toward religion in. winthrop was a protestant who believed in the importane of individual access to the Bible. western europe before 1492. shows intentions of colonizing in america.

Pedro de Castaneda de Najera on the Search for the Seven Cities of Cibola, 1540

author - Pedro de Castaneda type: primary document place - Arizona and New Mexico purpose - to provide an account of what happened to his armies and his journey with coronado looking for the seven cities of gold. importance - spanish exploration north of mexico - while teaching of the issues of misinterpretation and indians using their gullibility to push them onto other indians to avoid problems themselves

New Netherland Act Emancipating Certain Slaves, 1644

author - West India Company type of document - primary source place - New Netherlands purpose - emancipation of eleven slaves who fought with dutch in Keift war against Raritan indians importance - dutch colonists needed the loyalty and service of their slaves, so when eleven men who had served in the war petitioned for freedom, the company found it hard to say no. the beginnings of american slavery.

Christopher Columbus to Luis de Santangel, 1493

author - christopher columbus on voyaging back from the Caribbean (which he believed to be indies) type of document: letter to king ferdinand and queen isabella purpose - to speak of his "conquering" of the people, meeting the innocent, beautiful, and shaken people and the cannibals, of beautiful lands, fruits, and all the good he's done for ferdinand and isabella importance - early impressions of native americans.

Francisco L. de M. Grájales's Account of the Conquest of Florida, 1565,

author - francisco L. de M. Grajales place: Ft. Caroline - florida type: journal - primary document purpose: to provide an account of the expedition for spanish King importance- spanish were appalled to learn that french were trying to start a colony in florida, land that the spanish claimed. spanish thought fort caroline would be a base that would attack spanish ships. plus the french were protestants. Rivals.

hans sloane observes jamaica 1687-1689

author - hans sloane, irish doctor place - jamaica type: primary document purpose - writing of his endeavors and collections, 1660's owned by english and importing african slaves as well importance - the beginnings of american slavery.

john smith on the powhatans, 1607 - 1616

author - john smith place - jamestown in chesapeake bay region type: primary source purpose - to discuss his discourse with the powhatan, pocahontas and her marriage to john rolfe, and his kidnapping into indian custody importance - the british settle, interactions between colonists and native americans

The Requerimiento, 1533 Version

author - juan lopez de palacios rubios place: peru type of document - revised requerimiento purpose - must be read in front of a new people after dominican priest charged conquistadors with cruelty without trying to convert them to christianity, basically a scapegoat to abuse importance - early impressions - when conquistadors encountered a new people, a representative must read the document aloud to them.

Olaudah Equiano on Encountering Europeans, 1740s

author - olaudah equiano place - west africa, slave ship kod: primary document (book) purpose - book to advocate for abolition of slavery and black human rights, but to express his confusion on never seeing europeans, their ways, their language, and wishing for african slavery instead of american slavery importance- west africa before 1492.

- Afro-Floridians to the Spanish King, 1738

author - runaway slaves from Carolina to spanish settlements place: carolina to florida type: letter (primary document) purpose - to thank the king for ensuring they are free from enslavement in spanish colonies if they fled english colonies importance: the seventeenth-century southeast. spanish king carlos II decreed that slaves who fled carolina were free in florida, if they became catholic. theme of spanish converting native americans into catholics. (religion)wanted to also weaken english colonies.

virginia codes regulating servitude and slavery, 1642 - 1705

author - virginia general assembly place - virginia type: primary source (virginia codes/acts) purpose - to regulate slaves more and more strictly in all forms importance - the british settle, acts that the assembly passed to regulate servitude.

Montagnais Indians on Their First Encounter with the French, early 1500's

author -Paul le Jeune (french missionary) place - north of st. lawrence river, canada's atlantic coast type of document - secondary source purpose - man whose grandmother told them purpose - to show the disparities between the two cultures, "drank blood and ate bones" importance - early impressions (shows the first interactions between the natives and the French)

john eliot's translation of the bible into massachusett language, 1663

author: John Eliot place: cambridge, Massachusetts type: secondary document (translation) purpose:, first into algonquian language, several words that stayed in english - god, testament, christ, genesis, moses importance: seventeenth-century Iroquoia and its Neighbors. first complete christian bible printed in the americas.

Saukamappee on the Coming of Horses, Guns, and Smallpox, 1700s, IAC pp. 128-132

author: Saukamappee (nahathaway indian) type: tale (primary document) place: blackfoot nations purpose: to tell a tale of the plains when he is a boy in the early 1700s. he told the tale to david thompson, a young hudson's Bay Company apprentice.) importance:expression of how life began to dramatically change with guns and horses to help, and smallpox forcing numbers to dwindle (the eighteenth century great plains)

Antonio de Otermin Describes the Pueblo Revolt, 1680

author:New mexico governer antonio de Otermin place: mexico to settle new mexico. (Rio Grande) type: letter (primary document) purpose: otermin recounts the revolt, and attempts to squelch it at Santa Fe. importance: war in the southeast and southwest.

Samuel de Champlain on Founding Quebec, 1608

authors - Samuel de Champlain places - Quebec City on the banks of St. Lawrence River type - primary document purpose - to discuss commissions given by Henry IV and the founding of Quebec, discussing fur trade and other means of capital and establishing the Christian Faith. importance- shows motives of the French for wanting to found Quebec; the ultimate goal was to make the French more wealthy, particularly Henry IV. Western Europe before 1492.

Laws of the Province of Pennsylvania, 1682

authors - william penn, member of society of friends places - Pennsylvania colony purpose - outline frame of government, including basic laws, religious contingencies, etc. kod: primary document importance - western europe before 1492. shows intentions of colonizing in america.

- Runaway Advertisements, Mid-1700s, IAC pp. 144-147

both slaves and indentured servants running away

Father J. Gravier Describes Indian Conversions at the Illinois Mission, 1694, IAC pp. 206-212

conversion of Maria Rouensa

Antoine S. Le Page Du Pratz Describes French Conflict with the Natchez, 1729, IAC pp. 261-270

new orleans plantations, natchez conflict was building as more began to move in, war broke out and french won, enslaving all

- Phillis Wheatley's "On Being Brought from Africa to America," 1773, IAC pp. 228-229

published, intertwine christianity and african american freedom, that african americans can understand religion

- Jacques Marquette on Descending the Mississippi River with Louis Joliet, 1673, IAC pp. 38-41

written by: Jacques marquette place: st. ignace ission on the nothern shore of Lake Michigan.Mississippi River type: primary document Purpose: wanted to spread the gospel and see if the river was a northwest passage to the Pacific Ocean importance: great lakes and louisiana