History Alive! The Ancient World | Chapter 7, 8, & 9 Vocabulary

Mediterranean Sea

a body of water north of Africa

Water

a colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms

Canopic Jars

a covered urn used in ancient Egyptian burials to hold the entrails from an embalmed body

Social Class

a group in a society that is ranked by factors such as wealth, property, and rights

Diverse

a group of people or elements with obvious differences between one another

Canaan

a land northeast of Egypt, settled by the ancient Israelites, from about 1800 B.C.E. to 70 C.E.

Periods

a length of time

Egypt

a nation in northeast Africa, first settled around 3100 B.C.E.

Peasant

a person who does farm work for wealthy landowners

Role

a position based on socially expected behavior

Social Pyramid

a pyramid outline showing the positions of social classes according to their status in a society

Jordan River

a river in southwestern Asia that flows from the Lebanon Mountains, south through the Sea of Galilee, into the Dead Sea

Pharoahs

a ruler of ancient Egypt

Kush

a society along the Nile River, south of Egypt, from about 2000 B.C.E. to 350 C.E.

Hieroglyph

a symbol used in hieroglyphics, a system of writing developed around 3000 B.C.E.

Treaty

a written agreement by which two or more states agree to peaceful relations

Ramses II

an ancient Egyptian pharaoh known as "Ramses the Great" ; skilled as a military leader; and responsible for building many monuments, including the temple at Abu Simbel

Afterlife

an existence after death

Status

importance; ranking; position

Mummification

in ancient Egypt preserve a body by embalming it and wrapping it in cloth

Neutral

not taking sides or getting involved in disagreements

Noble

of high birth or rank

Aspects

one part of something

Factors

something that influences or causes a result

Rigid

stiff; unable to bend

Hatshepsut

the first woman pharaoh of ancient Egypt

Authority

the government of controlling power

Supreme

the highest ruling level

Nile River

the longest river in the world, flowing through eastern Africa to a delta in northeastern Egypt

Reign

the period of time someone rules, usually royalty

Vegetation

the plants of a place or region

Topography

the shape and elevation of surface features, such as mountains or deserts, of a place or region

Physical Geography

the study of physical features of the earth's surface

Accomplished

to complete something successfully

Occupy

to take up of fill