History and Geography 800 - Unit 6: The Civil War

General Lee

-Felt a victory in the North would turn public opinion against the war. -Was offered command of Union Army after Fort Sumter

Grant thought he would eventually defeat Lee for what reasons?

-He had superior resources -He could receive reinforcements for his army -He could replace equipment losses

Which of the following were true of the Emancipation Proclamation?

-It freed very few slaves immediately. -It did not free slaves in already occupied Southern territory. -It ended the threat of English recognition of the Confederacy. -It laid the foundation for the 13th Amendment. -It changed the significance of the war.

Why did Grant want to capture Vicksburg?

-It would cut the South off from supplies from Louisiana and Texas. -It would give the North control of the Mississippi.

Which railroad lines did the North need to capture to cut Southern communications?

-Memphis to Chattanooga to Richmond -Vicksburg to Savannah

General Halleck

-Retreated to Washington, leaving the Confederates free to attack the North

What were the results of the Civil War?

-Slavery was finally ended. -Hatred and bitterness developed between the two sides. -About 600,000 men died. -It was determined that a state could not leave the Union.

Why did Southerners discount the advantages of the North?

-They thought Northern industries needed Southern markets. -They doubted that public opinion in the North would support a war against the South. -They thought England and France would give them military aid.

What problems did Northerners face in the war?

-They would have to occupy each seceding state. -They had to defeat the Southern armies on the South's home soil.

General McClellan

-removed from command twice for being overly cautious -stopped the Confederate Army at Antietam

siege

A military blockade of a city or fortified place; a persistent attack.

4 candidates of the 1860 election

Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Bell, and John Breckinridge.

Vice-President of the Confederacy

Alexander Stephens

Lee's campaign to invade Maryland was stopped after his defeat at the Battle of:

Antietam

General Lee surrendered to General Grant at _______, Virginia.

Appomattox

In September of 1864, Sherman captured ____________.

Atlanta

What was the North's battle strategy?

Blockade the South. Capture the Mississippi River. Divide the South into small sections. Capture Richmond.

Why was the Battle of Gettysburg such a great victory for the North?

Confederates lost half their men. Beginning of the end of the Civil war.

extend the 36° 30' line to the Pacific Ocean

Crittenden compromise

Dred Scott desiscion

Dred Scott, a black slave, went to court with master. He entered a free state and was not freed. Said would sue. Blacks could not be in court.

First shots of the civil war

Fort Sumter

Grant captured Vicksburg when ________ surrendered after the city was faced with starvation.

General Pemberton

In September of 1863, ________ succeeded in beating back a Confederate counterattack to capture the city of Chattanooga.

General Rosecrans

President of the Confederacy

Jefferson Davis

Kansas-Nebraska act

Kansas and Nebraska would be open to slavery. When each was ready for admission to the Union, its settlers would decide for themselves whether to join as a free state or as a slave

General _________ made the mistake of not pressing his advantage after Gettysburg and allowing _____ to escape.

Meade-Lee

The North gained control of the northern part of the Mississippi River once Grant captured the city of:

Memphis

General Butler's and Admiral Farragut's capture of New Orleans and Natchez gave the North control of the southern part of the:

Mississippi river

The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the-

Missouri Compromise

What was included in Lincoln's inaugural address?

No state had a right to leave the Union. Federal posts in the South would be defended. Slavery could continue where it already existed.

Why did the South fear admitting California as a free state?

Other territories might follow their example. Non-slave states would control the Senate.

Grant went to____________ to cut off communications between Richmond and the rest of the South.

Petersburg

What were the terms of the Compromise of 1850?

Popular sovereignty was established for New Mexico and Utah. California was admitted as a free state.

Lee crossed the ___________ during this war in hopes of capturing ____________.

Potomac-Philadelphia and Washington

Bleeding Kansas

Pro-slave and No-slave conflicts. Developed into a mini civil war.

Frederick Douglass

Published the Northstar- antislavery paper

The principal purpose of the _______ party as to stop the spread of slavery.

Republican

What were the conditions of peace offered by Lincoln at Hampton Roads?

Reunion of the states and end of slavery

Grant's troops captured _____________ on April 3, 1865, and Lee tried to move to Lynchburg, Virginia.

Richmond

Commander at Fort Sumter

Robert Anderson

Which general's famous march to the Atlantic had the purpose of dividing the upper and lower South?

Sherman

What was Grant's new battle strategy?

Sherman would push from Chattanooga to Atlanta to the Atlantic Ocean. Grant would attack Richmond.

The battle in which more Americans fell than in all the previous wars the United States had fought was at:

Shiloh

First state to succeed from union

South Caroline

The Kansas-Nebraska Act was proposed by-

Stephen Douglas

The Union forces in the West, led by General Grant, first invaded the state of:

Tennessee

What was the ship sent by the North to attack the Virginia?

The Monitor

Why did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

To shorten the war. To gain support of non-slave nations. To strengthen the Union cause.

General Lee took command of the northern Virginia army after General Johnston was wounded at the Battle of Seven Pines. True or False?

True

Lee ordered "Stonewall" Jackson to move into the Shenandoah Valley to appear as if he were going to attack Washington, D.C., in order to take the pressure off Richmond. True or False

True

formed from five western counties

West Virginia

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Wrote Uncle Tom's cabin.

Southern states that did not secede

border states

The South attempted to break the North's blockade by ______________________

building the iron ship- Virginia

William L. Garrison

called slave holders criminals. Published the liberator.

impregnable

cannot be over thrown.

What was included in the 1860 Republican platform?

denounced John Brown's raid slavery could continue where it already existed no slavery in new territories

What did the West want?

easy bank credits, low prices for public land, and internal improvements at national expense.

President Polk

extended Missouri compromise.

Robert E. Lee left the Union because he believed that the South had a right to secede from the Union. True or false?

false

Harriet Tubman

helped slaves escape by underground railroad

What did the North want?

high tariffs and high prices for public land

Emancipation societies wanted to do away with slavery because of their interest in slaves as:

human beings

Nat Turner

led a slave rebellion in VA.

Advantages of the South in the Civil war?

location European allies generals

Wilmot Proviso

no slavery in new territories.

What did the South want?

opposed tariffs, roads and canals NOT built by national government, and low prices for public land.

Lewis Cass

people in territories could decide themselves if they wanted slavery.

Advantages of the North in the Civil war?

population factories farms capital

No one but the __________ objected morally to slavery until the early 1800s.

quakers

David Walker

recommended the use of violence to gain freedom.

After which war did slavery decline because ideas toward individual freedom were changing, and people were starting to respect human rights?

revolutionary ar

What was the action of the state of Tennessee?

seceded from the Union after Fort Sumter

What was the action of the state of VA.

seceded from the Union after Fort Sumter

Lincoln Douglas debates

senatorial debate between two parties. Between Douglas and Lincoln. Expressed views.

John C. Calhoun

slaves could be taken into any territory

The North was unsuccessful in its attempt to capture Richmond under the command of the overly aggressive General Burnside. True or false?

true

At the Battle of Chancellorsville, the _________________ was defeated and ___________________________ was killed.

union-stonewall Jackson

England declared its neutrality because it realized that it needed Northern __________ more than it needed Southern __________.

wheat-cotton