history chapter 18

New corporate managers pioneered which system to track expenses and revenues in the late nineteenth century?

Cost accounting

What did the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Homestead Strike of 1892 have in common?

Government troops helped put down both strikes.

Which magazine was the first to take advantage of advertising revenue to build mass readership, with over one million subscribers?

Ladies' Home Journal

Which of the following were skilled workers with a relatively high degree of autonomy in the 1870s?

Machinists

The introduction of mass production in the late-nineteenth-century American economy had which of the following advantages?

Mass production increased workers' output.

Which of the following statements characterizes the employment of women in the American labor force during the late nineteenth century?

More than 75 percent of all stenographers and typists were female.

Which of the following technological innovations made it possible for Gustavus F. Swift to undercut the prices of local butchers?

Refrigerated car

Which of the following describes vertically integrated corporations?

Such corporations controlled all aspects of their operations' businesses.

Why was the American Federation of Labor more successful than the Knights of Labor in the late nineteenth century?

The AFL focused on goals such as better wages, hours, and working conditions.

Which of the following arguments did Andrew Carnegie make in his famous 1889 essay "Wealth" (later called "The Gospel of Wealth")?

Though industrialization increased the gap between rich and poor, everyone's standard of living rose.

What was the purpose of the Hatch Act, passed by Congress and President Grover Cleveland in 1887?

To provide federal funding for agricultural research and education

During the late 1800s, an adult male immigrant from which of the following locations would most likely be a skilled worker?

Wales

The Knights of Labor advocated which of the following reforms in their 1878 platform?

Workplace safety laws

The federal government responded to the problem of discrimination against the Chinese in nineteenth-century California by

barring Chinese immigration to the United States in 1882.

In terms of membership, the Knights of Labor discriminated

by excluding the Chinese.

he United States had become the leading steel producer in the world by 1900 because of

the Bessemer process.