history

Theocracy

- 1. a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme ruler. 2. a system of government by priests claiming a divine commission.

Cause and sequence of religious reform

- Because of the Churches Abusing there power, early revolts against the Church started. Johann Tetzel wrote the book the 95 Theses, almost overnight copies of the 95 theses was distributed across Europe, and lastly everyone turned against the churches.

Martin luther's philosophy

- God writes the Gospel not in the Bible alone, but also on trees, and in the flowers and clouds and stars. IDK thats all i found i looked all over! he was the one who wrote the 95 thesis against the church

Machiavelli philosophy and works

- He was for many years an official in the Florentine Republic, with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs. He was a founder of modern political science, and more specifically political ethics. his (Quote) If an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.

Reasons for annulment

- In the Catholic Church, a declaration of nullity, commonly called an annulment, is a judgement on the part of an ecclesiastical tribunal determining that a marriage was invalidly contracted. Annulment is the procedure, governed by the Church's canon law, which determines the marriage to be void at its inception.

Results of catholic reform

- It some what worked Majority of Europeans remained Catholic, but charity flourished and church abuses were reduced.

John Calvin's belief

- John Calvin's beliefs can all be remembered easily in the acrostic "TULIP":"Total depravity""Unconditional election""Limited atonement" or "Particular redemption""Irresistible Grace""Perseverance of the saints" This is the "once saved, always saved" Predestination - The doctrine that God has foreordained all things, especially that God has elected certain souls to eternal salvation.

Describe three parts to the Renaissance

- New world view/ people thought of the world in a different way, it was not all about God , A spirit of adventure/ people went on adventure and had new ideas, and Humanisme/Any belief, method, or philosophy that has a central emphasis on the human realm

Henry VIII

- Ruled England for 36 years, presiding over sweeping changes that brought his nation into the Protestant Reformation.

Importance of shakespeare

- Shakespeare's ability to summarize the range of human emotions in simple yet profoundly eloquent verse is perhaps the greatest reason for his enduring popularity. If you cannot find words to express how you feel about love or music or growing older, Shakespeare can speak for you. No author in the Western world has penned more beloved passages. Shakespeare's work is the reason John Bartlett compiled the first major book of familiar quotations.

95 Thesis

- The 95 Theses, a document written by Martin Luther in 1517, challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church on the nature of penance, the authority of the pope and the usefulness of indulgences.

4 part of the Catholic reform

- The Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of four major elements: Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration Religious orders Spiritual movements Political dimensions

Why start in Italy

- The Renaissance began in Italy for a variety of reasons. Throughout Italy there were ruins of ancient Rome like art and architecture. At the time of the beginning of Renaissance, Italy was made up of many states and wasn't a single country some of the most important were Florence, Milan, Venice and Genoa. These states competed in who had the best art and buildings. Also during the middle ages, Italy was the centre of trade in Europe. Merchants brought silk and spices from Asia and they became rich. Ideas and knowledge came with them. They used the knowledge to become patrons of the art.

Renaissance

- The term 'renaissance' is derived from the French word meaning 'rebirth'. It is used to describe this phase of European history because many of the changes experienced between the 14th and 16th centuries were inspired by a revival of the classical art and intellect of Ancient Greece and Rome.

Define the Renaissance

- There was a passion for knowledge. Scholars had mostly studied the teachings of the Church, but they now rediscovered ancient philosophers. Artists became fascinated by the human body. To celebrate its beauty, they turned away from the formal drawing style of the Middle Ages and adopted a more realistic, natural style.

Impact of the painting press

- When Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1445, he forever changed the lives of people in Europe and, eventually, all over the world. It made sharing things more easier.

Effects of not getting annulment

- You have to stay married to each other.

Catholic Corruption

- at the time the church controlled the society and the government, it was able to amass great wealth and power throughout Europe. It sold indulges to help build the great churches. These were bits and pieces of bones and wood that the church claimed were parts of saints and the "true cross". The popes controlled the kings and queens under them by threats and use of power.

Impact or protesting reformation today

- because of the the reformation the world is not ruled by the catholic church.

who wrote Don Quixote

- by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. It follows the adventures of Alonso Quixano

Reformation

- the action or process of reforming an institution or practice.

Francois Rabelais

- was a major French Renaissance writer, doctor, Renaissance humanist, monk and Greek scholar. He has historically been regarded as a writer of fantasy, satire, the grotesque, bawdy jokes and songs. His best known work is Gargantua and Pantagruel. Because of his literary power and historical importance, Western literary critics considered him one of the great writers of world literature and among the creators of modern European writing

Works of 3 geniuses

-Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti and Raphael

Know new art techniques

Chiaroscuro/This type of painting uses the contrast of light and dark to create dimension to a painting, which gives the illusion of depth or three-dimensionality. Fresco/There are two types of frescoes, buon fresco and fresco secco. Buon fresco Foreshortening The idea of foreshortening is meant to add depth to a painting by creating the illusion of objects retreating into a background. One artist known for this technique was Andrea Mantegna.