History Exam 3 True or False

Abraham Lincoln was a firm supporter of suffrage for black Americans prior to the Civil War.

False

During the Civil War, the North instituted a draft, but the South never did.

False

General George B. McClellan was notorious for his military recklessness.

False

George E. Pickett's division marched across an open field toward Union forces in July 1863 at Chancellorsville.

False

Government involvement in the economy was diminished as a consequence of the Civil War.

False

Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederacy, was an effective leader of his new nation.

False

Over the course of the war, the Union troops had stronger morale, but the Confederate troops were better supplied.

False

Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867) was a success.

False

Redeemers saved the South from the corrupt ways of Reconstruction politics and "redeemed" the South for fair and equal treatment for all Americans.

False

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, leading figures in the women's rights movement, were strong supporters of the Fifteenth Amendment.

False

The Emancipation Proclamation immediately freed all enslaved persons in the United States.

False

The Fifteenth Amendment granted the vote to white women but not black women.

False

The Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866 as a social club in Tennessee and served, in effect, as a military arm of the Democratic Party.

False

The Reconstruction governments helped turn the South into a vibrant and successful hub of dynamic and expansive economic growth, allowing many African Americans to escape from poverty.

False

The Sea Island Experiment was an experiment in the Sea Islands of South Carolina in which a large breakwater was constructed to stop massive flooding during hurricanes.

False

There were thirteen state members of the Confederate States of America, the same number as stars on the Confederate flag.

False

Under Radical Reconstruction, blacks held most of the South's top elected positions.

False

While corruption was almost nonexistent in the North, it was rampant in the South.

False

"Scalawags" were southern white Republicans.

True

After emancipation, many freedwomen withdrew from work in the fields and focused their energies at home.

True

Among the important accomplishments of Reconstruction in state governments was the establishment of the South's first state-supported public schools.

True

Black Americans continued to hold offices in the South into the 1890s.

True

Black soldiers played a crucial role in winning the Civil War and in defining the war's consequences.

True

Black valor on the battlefield won over many northerners to a belief in equal rights before the law, regardless of race.

True

By making the Union army an agent of emancipation and joining together the goals of Union and abolition, the Emancipation Proclamation sounded the eventual death knell of slavery.

True

Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens argued that planters' land should be confiscated and redistributed among former slaves.

True

During Radical Reconstruction, following ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, the vast majority of eligible African Americans registered to vote.

True

During Reconstruction, a number of state governments initiated civil rights legislation that made it illegal for railroads, hotels, and other institutions to discriminate on the basis of race.

True

During Reconstruction, some 2,000 African Americans held public office, among them fourteen in the United States House of Representatives and two U.S. Senators.

True

During the Civil War, Congress made grants for up to 100 million acres to the railroads.

True

In 1866, the Civil Rights Bill became the first major law in American history to be passed over a presidential veto.

True

In 1873, the country was plunged into an economic depression and support among Republicans for further reforms in the South weakened.

True

In March 1865, the month before the Civil War ended, the Confederate Congress authorized the arming of slaves.

True

In the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment had not altered traditional federalism.

True

Lincoln waited until after the Union victory at Gettysburg to deliver the Emancipation Proclamation in January 1863.

True

Many late-nineteenth-century "captains of industry" made their initial fortunes during the Civil War.

True

More Americans died in the Civil War than in any other war in U.S. history.

True

Opposition to Reconstruction resulted from the distaste many southerners had for tax increases to fund public schools and other mandated improvements, and also because many white southerners could not accept black Americans voting, holding office, and enjoying equality before the law.

True

Photographs of battlefields, soldiers, war dead, war encampments, and so forth carried the war into millions of Americans' living rooms.

True

The Bargain of 1877 marked the formal end to Reconstruction.

True

The Black Codes denied black Americans the right to testify against whites, serve on juries or in state militias, or vote.

True

The Civil Rights era of the 1950s and 1960s is sometimes called the Second Reconstruction.

True

The United States Army earnestly pursued the enlistment of black soldiers following the Emancipation Proclamation.

True

The Wade-Davis Bill, introduced in Congress in the summer of 1864, required a majority of white male southerners to pledge support for the Union before Reconstruction could begin, and guaranteed blacks equality before the law, but not the vote.

True

The first income tax was enacted under the leadership of the Republican Party.

True

The period of Radical Reconstruction began in March 1867 with Congress's adoption of the Reconstruction Act over the president's veto and ended in 1877.

True

Women provided the chief energy for northern war relief efforts.

True