History of Graphic Design Final

With the sack of Rome, the Italian Renaissance began to fade and eventually innovation in book design and printing to _______, where two brilliant graphic artists, Geoffrey Tory and Claude Garamond, created visual forms that were embraced for two hundred years.

France

In the 1980's, _____________ was one of the first graphic designers to make use of the powerful personal computer

Grieman

An unofficial category describing contemporary graphic design that appears in a holistic sense to be unpolished and scruffy

Grunge

The magnificent Latin Psalter published by ______________ and ____________ on August 14, 1457, was the first book to bear a printer's trademark and imprint, printed date of publication, and colophon

Johann Fust and Peter Schoeffer

Ideograph

symbol that represents an idea or concept, independent of any particular language, and specific words or phrases

Around 1450, Johann Gutenberg was the first to bring together the complex systems and subsystems necessary to print a typographic book, including a thick, tacky ink that could be smoothly applied and did not run off the mental type; a strong, sturdy press; and a metal alloy that was soft enough to cast yet hard enough to hold up for thousands of impressions. But the key to his invention was the ____ ____ used for casting the individual letters

type mold

Postmodernism represents a break with that which is ___________-

"modern"

When was the "Golden Age of Logos"?

1960s

1940-1970

Art Deco

1880-1914

Art Nouveau

1919-1933

BauHaus

The connecting curves that unify a serif with the main stroke of a letter

Bracketin

Charlemagne mandated reform by royal edict in A.D. 789 and succeeded in reforming the alphabet with the use of four guidelines, ascenders, and descenders. The resulting uniform script, called ___________ ________, is the forerunner of our contemporary lowercase alphabet

Caroline miniscules

The Art Deco Style is sometimes referred to by scholars as _______________?

Commercial Modern

The enormously influential ___________________ held in Weimar Germany in 1922 represents the most important collaboration between De Stijl, Dada and Constructivist artist

Constructivist Congress

1910-1930

De Stijl

A strategy whereby designers reference styles from the past

Historicism

Who was the celebrated or notorious caricaturists that created thousands of lithographs for three newspapers during the Industrial Age?

Honore Daumier

1950-1980

Internations Typography or Style

Governments rallied support for the First World War from citizens by publishing posters. In England, the poster underwent a rapid stylistic change, and one of the following sets of characteristics were rejected:

Japonisme, abstractions, and indirect reference to subject matter

Where is this cave painting from?

Lascaux, Cave France

_________________, was one of the first dependable venues where modernist designers could find work

London Underground

__________________ spread word of the Protestant movement thought Europe quickly due to the innovations in typography and printing

Martin Luther's "Ninety-Five Theses"

1925-1950

Modern American Design

Published in German and Latin version in 1943, this six-hundred-page book was an ambitious history of the world from the biblical dawn of creation until 1493. The book contained 1,809 woodcut illustrations in its complex, carefully designed, 18-by-12 inch pages and is considered one the masterpieces of graphic design from this periods - _______________________

Nuremberg Chronicle

1900-1930

Pictorial Modernism & Sachplakat

1955-1980

Pop Art

2. 1970-200

Post Modernism

_______ ________ is the process of removing the negative spaces surrounding an image and them inking the raised surface, which is rubbed onto paper

Relief printing

Which magazine did Norman Rockwell primarily illustrate for?

Saturday Evening Post

In 1639, ________________, a British locksmith and his son, designed and printed the first book in the English American colonies, The Whole Booke of Psalms (now called The Bay Psalm Book)

Stephen and Matthew Daye

1. 1970-2000

Street Art & Graffiti

Name of civilization that is credited with the invention of writing

Sumerians

1920-1950

Swiss Style

Who was the first art director of the Fortune magazine (1880-1964)?

T. M. Cleland

What was adopted by the ancient Greeks and spread throughout their city sates around 1000 B.C.

The Phoenician Alphabet

T or F The word "Dada" is essentialy meaningless, and an iron comment on what this group of artists say as a lack of human reason in the gruesome First World War

True

________, the center of commerce and Europe's gateway to trade with the eastern Mediterranean nations, Indian, and the Orient, led the way in Italian typographic book design

Venice

Art Nouveau was a design reform movement which developed during which age?

Victorian

Who coined the term "graphic designer" in 1922 to summarize his work?

Wilham Addison Dwiggins

Which of the following characteristics is NOT typical of Futurism?

a precise and technical ordering of information

Petroglyph

a rock carving

What is Codex

an ancient manuscript text in book form.

A single leaf of paper printed on both sides is frequently called a ____________

broadsheet

The ______ of a manuscript of book is an inscription, usually at the end, containing facts about its production

colophon

The _____ was the production letterer who spent his days bent over a writing table penning page after page in a trained lettering style

copisti

At the same time (and in the same area of Europe) that Johann Gutenberg invented moveable type, an unidentifiable artist called the Master of the Playing Cards created the earliest known _________ __________

copperplate engravings

Handmade model layouts and manuscript texts, such as the Latin version created for the Nuremberg Chronicle by Michael Wolgemuth and Wilhelm Pleydenwurff, were used as guides for the woodcut illustrations, typesetting, page design, and makeup of books. These __________ provide rare insights into he design and production process during the fifteenth century

exemplars

In the early scriptorium, the _______ was responsible of the execution of ornament of image in visual support of the text

illuminator

Books printed from Gutenberg's invention of typography until the end of the fifteenth century are referred as _______ texts, a Latin words that means "cradle" or "rebirth"

incunabula

The Chinese calligraphic writing system consists of _________, graphic signs that represent an entire word

logograms

China became the first society in which ordinary people were in daily contact with printed images. In addition to blocks prints or religious images and texts, paper _____ began to be designed and printed around A.D. 1000 due to an iron shortage

money

The Phoenician alphabet was adopted by the ancient Greeks and spread through their city-states around 1000 B.C. The Greeks changed five consonants to vowels and, most importantly, they modified the Phoenician characters by making them _____________

more geometrically structured

Around A.D. 1045, the Chinese alchemist Pi Sheng extended this process by developing the concept of _________ ____, and innovative printing process that was never widely used in Asia because the sheer number of characters made the process too tedious

moveable type

Sachplakat means roughly ________

object poster

The ________ was one of the most influential types of nineteenth-century publication

pictorial newspaper

Pictograph

symbol that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance

Members of the Ring as well as faculty of the Bauhaus all the faced the same problem:

reconciling left-wing political ideology with the service of clients from the capitalist countries of Europe

At the time of the Bauhaus's founding, the institution was forced to confront the dispute in Germany over the relative merits of ___________ versus Roman lettering

sans-serif

Production of illuminated manuscripts in the scriptorium, or writing room, included the head of the scriptorium, called the _____, a well-educated scholar who understood Greek and Latin functioned as both an editor and art director

scrittori

Early visual language systems were complex and required knowledge of hundred of signs and symbols, whereas an alphabet, a set of visual symbols or characters that represent the elementary _______ of a spoken language, require only twenty or thirty easily learned signs

sounds

A __________ is a word, phrase, symbol, or design- or a combination of words, phrases, symbols, or designs- that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods and services of one party from those of others

trademark

In 1925 Nagy coined the term __________ and slayed out a set of aesthetic principles that would govern integration of typography and photography in graphic work

typophoto

In paper making, a translucent emblem, or ________, can be produced by pressure from a raised design on a mold. It is visible when a sheet of paper is held up to light.

watermark