history of rock n roll test 1
scott joplin
"King of Ragtime", , "Maple Leaf Rag" went to smith university, loved mozart, he performed at the worlds fair, 1868-1917 black
The Beatles
"i wanna hold your hand" made the popular in America-capital records and "please please me" made them popular in Britain, from liverpool
Bill Haley
(1927-1980) first successful crossover performer from country western to rock and roll, the down homers and saddlemen, "Rocket 88" "rock around the clock" (featured in the blackboard jungle). Bill Haley & His Comets (inspired by Halley's Comet) and million selling hits such as "Rock Around the Clock", "See You Later, Alligator", "Shake, Rattle and Roll", "Rocket 88", "Skinny Minnie", and "Razzle Dazzle". He has sold over 25 million records worldwide
Brian Jones
(28 February 1942 - 3 July 1969) was the founder and original bandleader of the Rolling Stones. Jones was a multi-instrumentalist, with his main instruments being the guitar, harmonica and keyboards. he formed the band its name and its members; he was originally the leader of the group, Jones's fellow band members Mick Jagger and Keith Richards soon overshadowed him, especially after they became a successful songwriting team. He developed a serious drug problem over the years and his role in the band steadily diminished. He was asked to leave the Rolling Stones in June 1969 and guitarist Mick Taylor took his place in the group. Jones died less than a month later by drowning in the swimming pool at his home; guitarist of the band
early dixieland jazz
(see handout) slow moderate pace of music end of 19th century to 1920s; clarinet-fancy over the king; trumpet-king leader; trombone-plays 3 notes to complement the king, outlines the harmony; tuba- bass single notes; bango-harmony; military/snare drum bass drum, cymbals
Big Band Swing
(see handout) vertical harmony; consists of saxophones, trumpets, trombones and a four-piece rhythm section (composed of drums, acoustic bass or electric bass, piano and guitar).fletcher henderson, after 1935
Fletcher Henderson
(see sheet music handout) swing music, , Piano/Band Leader/Composer/Arranger; band established the modern instrumentation of a swing band and set the early standards for arranging music, black
The Big Bopper/ J.P. (jiles perry) richardson Jr.
- Died that day music died- Feb. 3, 1959, , Artists who recorded Chantilly Lace,, had a novelty hit the day the plane crashed.
Jerry Lee Lewis
. an American rock and roll and country music singer, pianist and songwriter He is known by the nickname "The Killer" and is often viewed as "rock & roll's first great wild man." 1957 hit "Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On" that shot Lewis to fame worldwide, controversy over marrying his 13 year old cousin when he was 22, white
bass melody
...
inner voice melodies
...
soprano melody
...
Pete Seager
1950s, the song "little boxes" about conformity was friends with Woodie and his son Arlow, he wrote "turn, turn, turn"
"Tommy"
1969: album released by the Who a double album, The album was mostly composed by guitarist Pete Townshend as a rock opera that tells the story about a deaf, dumb and blind boy, including his experiences with life and the relationship with his family.1975: British musical film based upon The Who's 1969 rock opera album Tommy. It was directed by Ken Russell and featured a star-studded cast, including the band members themselves (most notably, lead singer Roger Daltrey, who plays the title role).
sam cooke
A Change Is Gonna Come, , Wonderful World, african american, , definitive soft soul singer of the 50s. Started as a Gospel Singer before moving into Pop music, very popular among female fans of all ages. Shot in motel parking lot, soul stirrres (band)
novelty songs
A comical or nonsensical song, performed principally for its comedic effect. Division of Tin Pan Alley music.
Alan Freed
A disc jockey who began playing a unique style of music at the time called "rhythm-and-blues" on a Cleveland radio show, who gained a wide following from black and white teenagers due to his on-air attitude and style, gaining a wide following for this new genre that evolved into rock-and-roll. came up with the name rock n roll, 1950s
verse
A line in a poem or song
Jelly Roll Morton
African American pianist, composer, arranger, and band leader from New Orleans; Bridged that gap between the piano styles of ragtime and jazz; Was the first important jazz composer, came up with music on the spot, young, best piano player
boogie woogie
African American style of piano-based blues that became popular after 1928, but originated much earlier in the century, a rhytmic piano style that uses repeating bass patterns 1 12 BAR BLUES PROGRESSION, MOSTLY PIANO STYLE, SPEED WAS FAST, CALLED JUMP TEMPO
Little Richard
An African American rock-n-roll singer and recorded hit songs in the 50's including Tutti Fruiti, Crazy, career took many years before he had success, First hit was "Tutti Frutti" 12-bar blues, He screamed, shouted, jumped, kicked, and "Sweated profusely on stage, he was taking rock to the next level, Outrageous performance style attracted attention through strangeness, novelty, and sexual ambiguity. "Tutti Frutti," "Long Tall Sally"
Chuck Berry
An African-American rock 'n' roll musician and composer, who influenced many musicians of the 1950s and 1960s, including the Beatles and Bob Dyan., -Recorded "maybellene" and it became chess records first top 10 hit,, African American rock 'n' roll musician. Famous for his use of electric guitar and his "duck walk."
instrumentation
Arrangement of music for a combined number of instruments, Collective term used to describe all measurement instruments used.
beat
Basic underlying pulse of music, basic unit of time
Paul McCarthy
Beatles band member, good kid, his dad got him a guitar after his mom died and he was a natural , part of the quarry men first
Allen Klein
Beatles business manager, helped with their apple company and brought Phil Spector in part of the 1969 new beatles
George Harrison
Beatles member, he was part of the quarry men first
Art tatum
Best stride piano player
pentatonic scale
Five-note scale
The Supremes
Girl group in Motown music "come see about me" and "baby Love"
James Brown
God father of soul. His band was the flame. "I feel Good" "say it loud im black and im proud" (1960-68)
Roger Daltry
He is the founder and lead singer of English rock band The Who, and has also maintained a successful musical career as a solo artist. In 2010 he was ranked as number 61 on the Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 greatest singers of all time.
Andrew Oldham
He was manager and producer of The Rolling Stones from 1963 to 1967, and was noted for his flamboyant style.
Bill Wyman
In 1962 he became the bassist for the rolling stones. he left in 1993,Since 1997, he has recorded and toured with his own band, Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings. He has worked producing both records and film, and has scored music for film in movies and television.
Allen Klein- rolling stones
In 1965, Klein became the co-manager of The Rolling Stones, and in 1966, Klein bought Andrew Oldham's share of the Rolling Stones' management, though Oldham continued in his role as the band's producer until late 1967.
Tin Pan Alley
Is the name given to the collection of New York City-centered music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 1800's and early 1900's. example: take me out to the ball game, cheap tinny sounding pianos
Booker T. And the MG'S
Memphis sound, played on many of the Memphis sound recordings as the instrumental group, provided back up for the blues brothers
Ritchie Valens
Mexican-American singer, songwriter, and guitarist, died in small plane crash with other stars in 1959 in Iowa, La Bamba
Mersey Beat
Music publication by Bill Harry, one of Lennon's friends from the Liverpool Art College. Featured the Beatles many times. the sound was soul music double back beat; rhythm and blues; rock-a-billy, Bands trying to match early sound of The Beatles
refrain and hooks
Single repetitory verse or line. often a short riff, passage, or phrase, that is used in popular music to make a song appealing and to "catch the ear of the listener"
specialty songs
Songs that Teach you how to dance (locomotion, crank dat, cha cha slide)
shout singing
The Ability to shout the lyrics.
Alan Williams
The Beatles first manager owned the Jack a Randa
the death of rock n roll 1959
The Day the Music Died, dubbed so by a lyric in the Don McLean song "American Pie", is a reference to the deaths of rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson, in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, on February 3, 1959. Pilot Roger Peterson was also killed.
Liverpool bands
The Searchers are an English beat group, which emerged as part of the 1960s Merseybeat scene along with the Beatles, the Hollies, the Fourmost, the Merseybeats, the Swinging Blue Jeans, and Gerry and the Pacemakers. The band's hits include a remake of the Drifters' 1961 hit, "Sweets for My Sweet"; remakes of Jackie DeShannon's "Needles and Pins" and "When You Walk In The Room"; an original song written for them, "Sugar and Spice"; a cover of the Orlons' "Don't Throw Your Love Away"; and a cover of the Clovers' "Love Potion No. 9". They were the second group from Liverpool, after the Beatles, to have a hit in the United States when "Needles and Pins" charted during the first week of March 1964.
diatonic scale
What is usually meant by "scale." It consists of seven notes. The eighth note, usually sung or played, is a higher octave version of the first note. "Joy to the world, the lord has come" is a descending diatonic scale. The eighth word, "come," is an octave lower than the opening word "Joy." The white keys on the piano produce the notes of the C-major diatonic scale.
W.C. Handy
William Christopher Handy was an American blues composer and musician. He was widely known as the "Father of the Blues". Handy remains among the most influential of American songwriters. black
cake walk
a European style of square step dancing, late 19th century
measure
a bar (or measure) is a segment of time defined by a given number of beats, each of which are assigned a particular note value.
surfer music 1958-64
a genre of popular music associated with surf culture, particularly as found in Orange County and other areas of Southern California.
falsetto
a high male vocal range above the normal tenor voice
wall of sound
a music production formula for pop and rock music recordings developed by record producer Phil Spector at Gold Star Studios in Los Angeles in 1962. The intent was to create a dense, layered, reverberant sound that came across well on AM radio and jukeboxes popular in the era.Working with engineers Stan Ross and Larry Levine and session musician conglomerate the Wrecking Crew, Spector typified this sound by having a number of electric and acoustic guitarists perform the same parts in unison, adding musical arrangements for large groups of musicians up to the size of orchestras, then recording the sound using an echo chamber.
instrumental
a musical composition or recording without lyrics, or singing, although it might include some inarticulate vocal input; the music is primarily or exclusively produced by musical instruments.
ballads
a song or song-like poem that tells a story - usually a tragedy or adventure. Most were passed down orally.
Doo-Wop
ability to sing syllables
race records
african american records
the motown review
age 17-21 traveling show of Motown artist only lasted a couple years because motown got so big
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
album released in 1967, changed the idea of music, it made music seem like more an art, it historically changed music, they were able to experiment with their music on the album
Frank Thorogood 1993
allegedly murder Brian Jones, he was doing construction on his property and was the last person to see Brian Jones however the case was never reopened so he was not convicted
spirituals/secular songs
american fold hymns and other religious songs that orginated in the late 18 or early 19 centuries and developed into gospel music
Joan Baez
american folk singer
louis armstrong
american jazz trumpeter singer nicknamed pops or satchmo
rock music 1960-64, Phil Spector
an American record producer, songwriter, and the originator of the Wall of Sound production method. At the height of his career, Spector was a pioneer of the 1960s girl-group sound, and produced more than twenty-five Top 40 hits from 1960 to 1965, writing or co-writing many of them. In later years, he gained infamy as the subject of two trials for murder and a second-degree conviction.
stop timing
an accompaniment pattern interrupting, or stopping, the normal time and featuring regular accented attacks on the first beat of each or every other measure alternating with silence or solos.
Revolution Music
anti war songs protest songs, spoke out against the government
The Who
are an English rock band that formed in 1964. Their best known line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist Pete Townshend, bassist John Entwistle and drummer Keith Moon. They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century.
John Eintwistle
ass guitarist for English rock band The Who. He was the only member of the band to have formal musical training. His aggressive lead sound influenced many rock bass players
mood
atmosphere of the song, happy sad ect
chicago (jazz hot) dixieland
based on early dixieland; clarinet, trumpet, trombone was the same but faster; string bass (replaced tuba), banjo, piano, drum set, sax
anti establishment
being against a form of government or religion ect
play-o-la
cash under the table to play songs on the radio, alan freed scandal
blues
classic blues: etta james, laverm baker, janis joplin; started at the end of the 19th century
blues scale
combination of pentatonic and diatonic scale; start of new music
pulse
consists of beats in a series of identical yet distinct periodic short-duration stimuli perceived as points in time occurring at the mensural level.
cover songs
copy of songs
polyphonic harmony
dixieland music, two or more different melodies moving together in a horizontal manner
Soul Music
each city had its own sound, secular gospel music, merging of rhythm and blues with gospel, rough sounding, all started as gospel singers
chromatic scale
endless scale (12 notes) of step wise half notes
art and music
evoking an emotion thru any medium organized sound thru amotions
Folk Rock
folk music with rock sound, able to reach out to even younger kids not just college students but high school studenta
Bob Dylan
folk rock begins 1965, aka Robert Zimmerman, he turns his poetry into music, starts in NY, reached th college youth was the voice they needed, can't sing, "the times they are a changing" "blowing in the wind" about JFK assiasination, on Nov 22, 1963
Beach Boys
formed in hawthrone california original members: brian, carl, and dennis wilson, mike love, alan jardin "surfin in the usa"
Mic Jagger
founder and lead singer of the rolling stones
Berry Gordy Jr.
founder of motown records, Hitsville USA-old mansion, he recorded demos and then he makes the label Motown "Please Mr. Postman" hits and makes him famous and everyone wants his sound, image was very important, hires grooming, chreography, and ediquite consultants.
The Brydes
from LA, 1966, "turn turn turn" lyrics from the Bible Ecclesiastes people staring turning the Bible for answer
The sound of young america
good music, good beat, story, and not offensive-motown
Pete Townsand
guitarist and main songwriter for The Who
Brian Epstein
had pull in the music industry and took the Beatles under his wing and helped them to become a big hit, died in 1967 of a drug overdose, he was a homosexual
Ron Wood
he officially replaced Mick Taylor in 1976 eve though he had been playing with the stones for years but had his own band the Faces that broke up; before he was a member he collaborated with Mic Jagger and Richards with "It's Only Rock'n Roll (But I Like It)". Both Jagger and Keith Richards contributed to Wood's first solo album, I've Got My Own Album to Do, released in 1974
Ringo Star
he was the temporary drummer but then replaced Pete Best right when the Beatles became really big
Dick Clark
host of American Bandstand, Who gave Rock N Roll its international audience by having artists perform on his show,
dynamics
how loud or soft the music is performed forte (F) loud Piano (P) soft Mezzo (MF, MP) medium
interpretation
how the music is spoken
textures
how thick or thin music is
Charlie Watts
in 1963 became the drummer for the rolling stones
Mick Taylor
in the rolling stones from 1969-74 he replaced guitarist Brain Jones
New Music
influenced by Africa and America, performed in Congo Square in New Orleans, after civil war
tempo
is the speed or pace of a given piece.
dick dale
king of surf guitar because he originated an impressive guitar style copied by many surf instrumental groups of the 60s. came up with double picking, based on the tremolo, he sustained notes by plucking a string up and down very fast with his guitar pick and continue that motion and slide the other hand up and down the fingerboard acheiving an impressive effect of speed.
abbey road
last recorded album although it was released second to last, September 29, 1969
Basic rock n roll instrumentation
lead and rhythm: two guitars (guitar most important); string bass; drum set; exceptions: piano and sax
John Lennon
leader of the Beatles, assassinated, was first in the quarry men with paul mccarthy, prankster as a kid
bar lines
lines that seperate the staff into measures
Aretha Franklin
living encyclopedia of soul music (everyone borrows her stuff) "Dr. Feel Good" Atlanta Records "Respect" queen of soul (1960-68)
melody
long and short valves of organized notes
rhythm
long and short valves of organized sounds main structure
Gospels/Liturgical songs
meaning religious songs sung by African americans (slaves), developed from spirituals and the blues
tessitura
most widely used range of pitches in a piece of music
music
organized sounds with emotions
Elvis Presley
original band: scotty moore-lead guitar; bill black-string bass; DJ Fontanna- drums;, 1950s; a symbol of the rock-and-roll movement of the 50s when teenagers began to form their own subculture, dismaying to conservative parents; created a youth culture that ridiculed phony and pretentious middle-class Americans, celebrated uninhibited sexuality and spontaneity; foreshadowed the coming counterculture of the 1960s
Keith Richards
original member of the rolling stones, guitarist one of the best of all time
Stuart Sutcliffe
part of the quarry men and the Beatles but stays behind in Germany and dies of a brain hemorrhage
Congo Square
place where slaves gathered in Sundays to dance, sing, and play native African instruments in New Orleans-performed new music, after civil war
The Rolling Stones
played an aggressive like it or not go to hell brand of rhythm and blues, they had a rebellious image, one of the longest lived groups, they had a bohemian life style they never cared to appeal to the conventional, original members were Keith richards, Mic Jagger, brian jones and ian stewart, formed in 1962
Fats Domino
popularizies rhythm and blues 1948
Johnny Cash
primarily remembered as a country music artist, his songs and sound spanned many other genres including rockabilly and rock and roll—especially early in his career—as well as blues, folk, and gospel. "i walk the line" 1932-2003 became known as the "man in black" never changed always stayed true to himself
American Folk
raised the level of social/political issues, it made you think,lyrics mean something revolutionize they attack problems within the country
let it be
released may 8 1970, second to last recorded but released last, phil spector, billy preston
Jimmy Nicole
replaced Ringo on tour when he got sick
ragtime music
scott joplin; 1900s-1920s; energy, fun, syncopated rhythms, stride piano influenced rock n roll
ostinato
short repitious base melody or rhyme
generation gap
society of youth separated from the adult world, "the tribe"
Field Hollers
solo singing by african americans while working in fields (slave era). country blues most likely developed out of or was greatly influenced by this singing which has been described as being rhythmically quite free
Ray Charles
sometimes referred to as "The Genius." He was a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm and blues, gospel, and blues styles into early performances recorded by Atlantic Records. He also helped racially integrate country and pop music during the 1960s with his crossover success on ABC Records, most notably with his two Modern Sounds albums
Corn bread singers
soul musicians from Alabama
George Martin
the "5th" beatle, he was a recorded producer and was involved a great deal with the Beatles music
America's answer
the Beatles music had matured and young america was not being satisfied so record producers formed the Monkees:Formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Robert "Bob" Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series The Monkees, which aired from 1966-1968, the musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith, and Peter Tork, and Englishman Davy Jones. The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner. eventually they became a real band with hits like "Last Train to Clarksville", "Pleasant Valley Sunday", and "Daydream Believer".
stride piano
the ablitly to play long scale like flourishes
syncopation
the accenting of unaccented notes
The Litchman circuit
the apollo, uptown, regal, and howard theaters, if you proved there you had made it in soul music
Brian Wilson
the beach boys, main writer and producer, he used the wall of sound (came very close to it) by 1963 he was avery fine song writer he expanded the beach boys but by 1966 he suffered a nervous breakdown and could not continuing touring, put togethyer most important beach boys album "pet sounds" the theme slowly came out through each song it was about hopes, dreams, and anxiety about the present and the futrue felt by a young person growing up
blue tones
the bending of tones, bottlenecks
Smokey Robinson
the mircales, great songwriter, he wrote "my girl", "ooh baby baby", and worked with berry gordy jr very closely
Mod
the modernists because they listened to modern jazz, first generation that didnt have to contribute money to their family so they spent it on fashion and clubbing, they did drugs so they could stay alert and dance all night, hey began listening to the "sophisticated smoother modern jazz" of Dave Brubeck and the Modern Jazz Quartet and became "...clothes obsessed, cool, [and] dedicated to R&B and their own dances."
meter
the number of lines in a verse, the number of syllables in each line and the arrangement of those syllables as long or short, accented or unaccented
call and response
the practice of singing in which a solo vocalist, the caller, is answered by a group of singers
harmony
the sounding of two or more different notes simultaneously
girl groups
the wave of American female pop singing groups who flourished in the late 1950s and early 1960s between the decline of early rock and roll and the British Invasion, many of whom were influenced by doo-wop style. phil spector
crooning
to sing with a velvety tone
vaudeville
traveling show of variety entertainment, singers and dancers, magicians, comics middle of the 19 century to the early 20th century
acid/psychedelic rock
trio or quarter band extended harmonies. 1. makes it feel like a trip 2. lyrics make you take the drug 3. being inside the drug
homophonic harmony
two or melodies of different notes, all of the same rhythm value, moving together in a vertical manner
Motown music
very well groomed, Hitsville USA, the tempations "my girl"; The Jackson Five, Marvin Gay, 24/7 music always recording, Detroit, "Baby Love" , smooth in texture, singing is crooning velvety sound, Funk Brothers were background musicians
Buddy Holly
was an American musician and singer-songwriter and a pioneer of rock and roll. Although his success lasted only a year and a half before his death in an airplane crash, Holly is described by critic Bruce Eder as "the single most influential creative force in early rock and roll.", Early rock 'n' roll guitarist, singer, and songwriter from the country/rockabilly side of rock 'n' roll. Killed tragically at the age of twenty-two in a plane crash. "that'll be the day" 1957
Keith Moon
was an English musician best known as the drummer of the English rock group The Who. He was noted for his unique drumming style and his eccentric, often self-destructive behaviour. In 2011, Moon was voted the second-greatest drummer in history by a Rolling Stone readers' poll., he died of an overdose in 1978
Pete Best
was the Beatles drummer he was the most popular but was dropped right before they got big
Cream
were a 1960s British rock supergroup power trio consisting of bassist/singer Jack Bruce, drummer Ginger Baker, and guitarist/singer Eric Clapton. Their sound was characterised by a hybrid of blues rock, hard rock and psychedelic rock, combining psychedelia-themed lyrics, Clapton's blues guitar playing, Bruce's operatic voice and prominent bass playing and Baker's jazz-influenced drumming. The group's third album, Wheels of Fire, was the world's first platinum-selling double album Cream are widely regarded as being the world's first successful supergroup. In their career, they sold over 15 million albums worldwide. Cream's music included songs based on traditional blues such as "Crossroads" and "Spoonful", and modern blues such as "Born Under a Bad Sign", as well as more eccentric songs such as "Strange Brew", "Tales of Brave Ulysses" and "Toad". trio group
Carl Perkins (Rock-a-Billy)
white, blues with country western (blue suede shoes,recorded most notably at Sun Records Studio in Memphis, Tennessee, beginning in 1954.) he took after elvis though was not as good looking he wrote songs though and played lead guitar
stax records
wilson pickett, center of soul music, ottis redding biggest singing seller here
Woodie Guthrie
worked in the fields in Bakersfield, sung songs about unionizing "farm labor train" 1950s
