History study questions 15 AND 16
examples of Christian moral reform and its successful attempts to stamp out sin. How did reformers of the period approach the problems of an industrial society?
Christian Temperance Union Gambling, prostitution, polygamy, and birth control were all targets of the legislation attempts to control or eliminate by Evangelical Christians in the Gilded Age. Mann Act of 1910
How was the West transformed economically and socially in this period? the Speech of Chief Joseph of the Nez Percé Indians, in Washington, D.C- complaints
Despite his view that all men are brothers, the white men do not treat Indians as equals. The white men do not keep their word to his men.
How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?
ENFORCEMENT ACTS Congress passed three versions of this law that outlawed terrorist societies and authorized the government to use military force against them. They defined crimes against the rights of citizenship as federal crimes rather than state law.
Haymarket Affair.
Eight men were convicted of murder and condemned to death for the Haymarket bombing. Four strikers were killed by police on May 3, 1886, when they clashed with strikebreakers.
he Fourteenth Amendment established the principle of citizenship for all persons born in the United States and empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans.
FALSE
What factors combined to make the United States a mature industrial society after the Civil War? Between the end of the Civil War and the early twentieth century, the United States experienced stagnant economic growth and the loss of international markets.
FALSE!! The United States enjoyed an explosive level of economic growth as the nation benefited from abundant natural resources, a growing supply of labor, an expanding market for manufactured goods, and the availability of capital for investment. In addition, the federal government actively promoted industrial and agricultural development. It enacted high tariffs that protected America from foreign competition, granted land for railroad companies to encourage construction, and used the army to remove Indians from western lands desired by farmers and mining companies.
The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction. (effects of radical reconstruction)
FALSE!!! The new state governments successfully established free public education, passed civil rights legislation that prohibited racial discrimination, helped to protect the growing population of sharecroppers, and promoted economic recovery.
the relationships between freed blacks and former slaveowners after emancipation? What visions of freedom did former slaves and slaveholders pursue in the postwar South?
Freed blacks no longer had to show reverence to their former owners. Freed blacks and former slaveowners still interacted frequently after emancipation
popular attitudes toward companies like Standard Oil in the 1900s?
Industries functioned outside the law and were viewed as more powerful than the government. Industries had become too big to control, and they threatened to take over the world. Industries disregarded the rights of individual employees.
What were the main factors, in both the North and South, for the abandonment of Reconstruction? Why did southerners oppose Reconstruction?
Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped. Reconstruction governments were corrupt. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality.
How did the economic development of the Gilded Age affect American freedom? Identify the statements that describe Social Darwinism.
Social Darwinists believed that the poor were essentially responsible for their own fate. Evolution was a natural process of survival of the fittest; as such, the government must not intervene to aid the less fortunate.
The Ku Klux Klan was a racially motivated terrorist organization that spread throughout the entire South during Reconstruction.
TRUE The Ku Klux Klan effectively served as a military arm of the Democratic Party and used its members, who came from the South's so-called "respectable citizens," to terrorize anyone who supported the Republican agenda, regardless of race.
The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction.
TRUE The close outcome of the popular vote in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana left the election's outcome in doubt. Congress appointed an Electoral Commission to decide the outcome, and the group, made up of eight Republicans and seven Democrats, decided in favor of Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes. However, party leaders negotiated a peaceful acceptance of this outcome by promising Democrats the end of Reconstruction.
The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed.
TRUE!! The Liberal Republican Party believed that much of the corruption in the Grant administration was due to an expansion of federal power and the manipulation of voting. They soon began to apply these beliefs to Reconstruction as well
The era from 1870 to 1890 was called the Gilded Age because it suggested that outward appearances were misleading, and one needed to look under the surface to understand what was happening.
TRUE!!!
In this video, Eric Foner discusses court decisions held against labor on the grounds of individual freedom, specifically liberty of contract. What were the most important decisions made by the Court?
The Supreme Court ruled that state laws regulating corporate behavior, limiting the number of hours a person could work, were unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court overturned laws that made it illegal for companies to pay their employees in scrip that could only be used at certain stores on the grounds it violated the right of property of these corporations.
Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction amendments. What were the sources, goals, and competing visions for Reconstruction?
The Thirteenth Amendment prohibited slavery. The Fourteenth Amendment established citizenship for all people born in America. The Fifteenth Amendment attempted to give African-American men the right to vote. served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens
What factors combined to make the United States a mature industrial society after the Civil War? ow did the workers' ideas of freedom differ from those held by the owners and managers of the industry, and how did the courts construe freedom?
The courts overturned numerous laws that controlled aspects of economic activity. Owners did not want the government to regulate business or interfere in the economy. Laborers looked to the government to protect their rights and ensure fair working conditions.
A Sharecropping Contract (1866)
The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day. The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner.
kNIGHTS OF LABOR
The group reached a peak membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886 (making it the largest labor organization of the nineteenth century) and involved millions of workers in strikes, boycotts, political action, and educational and social activities.
How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?
They created state-run and funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane. They established a state-funded free public education system.
dentify the statements that describe American westward expansion.
Western states used land donated by the federal government to establish public universities. In the twentieth century, the American West became the focus of many federally funded public works projects.
Was the Gilded Age political system effective in meeting its goals? A political cartoon depicts Republican presidential campaign candidate James G Blaine as a knight in shining armor, protecting American workers from cheap foreign labor.Gilded Age national politics did not entirely lack accomplishments. Some reform legislations were passed. Match the legislation that was passed during the Gilded Age with the correct description.
banned all combinations and practices that restrained free trade Correct label: Sherman Antitrust Act created a merit-based system for federal employees, with appointment via competitive testing rather than political appointment Correct label: Civil Service Act of 1883 established to ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable rates and did not offer better treatment to some shippers Correct label: Interstate Commerce Commission
Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Bill of 1866.
ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights defined all persons born in the United States as citizens
n Gilded Age America, dissatisfaction with the new social order extended beyond the working class and into the middle class. Some of the most popular works of literature in the era concerned the crumbling social order or the means of fixing it. Match the authors to their literary contributions. Drag each item on the left to its matching item on the right.
he Cooperative Commonwealth Correct label: Laurence Gronlund Progress and Poverty Correct label: Henry George Looking Backward Correct label: Edward Bellamy
the political scene in the United States during the Gilded Age.
mericans during the Gilded Age saw the country as an island of democracy in a world dominated by undemocratic governments. Powerful new corporations raised disturbing questions about the American understanding of political freedom and self-government.
role of black churches in the south
political gatherings worship social gatherings housed schools
descriptions of white Republicans in the South during Reconstruction
scalawags Correct label: Southern whites supported the Republican Party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites. Correct label: These were wartime Unionists who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power. carpetbaggers Correct label: Their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the South. Correct label: Northern whites relocated to the South after the Civil War. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain.
Identify the factors that contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction.
the growth of Democratic power in Congress the Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks the economic depression of the early 1870s northern journalists' depictions of the failure of southern black leadership