history unit 2 study guide

-Plato

- the republic (book)

WH-02 -- Overview Define a centralized government.

A United government under one person.

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What and where is the silk road

A trade route, started under the Han dynasty and ended in Rome, started in China

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Empire-

An expensive territory under the rule of a single Authority

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What continents did the Silk Road go through?

Asia and Europe

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era All about the Persian war

Athens (greece and persia) Persia got tired of taking over one of the Greeks small island Athens (Greece) won Effected greek city states because the Delian league they were more put together and worked togethether

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era All about the Peloponnesian War

Athens and Sparta They wanted to prove themselves to see who was Stronger Athens won Effected greek city states because Greece became weak and was conquered by Alexander the Great

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes How does trade lead to cultural diffusion?

Because products get moved all over the world.

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Compare the ancient city-states of Athens and Sparta, How are they similar?

Both wanted to prove themselves worthy and powerful.

Classical era trade routes what are three religions soread because if the trade routes

Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Give examples of Greek contributions in Architecture-

Building styles

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What are some things that Augustus I did to help create the Pax Romana?

Centralized political and military power, issue new coins to make trade easier, kept soldiers along the borders to keep peace, and create jobs and focus infrastructure

WH-02 -- Overview How is this type of government seen in Han China? Give one example.

Centralized, Monarch/ emperor

WH-02 -- Overview How is this type of government seen in Rome? Give one example.

Centralized, taxes

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era What influence did the Phoenicians have on early Greek civilization?

Date founded the war and the war had a long-term impact on Greece

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Give examples of Greek contributions in Law/ Government-

Democracy

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Describe the contributions of Athens.

Democracy, laws, and government

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Describe the difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. (Do not use those words in your explanation.)

Direct democracy had a say in making the laws (everyone voted) and representative people choose one person to make the laws.

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era What area did he not conquer? Everything outside of Greece to India

Everything outside of Greece to India

Barbarian Invasions

Fall of Rome

Controlled all of mediterranean

Fall of Rome

Military Spending

Fall of Rome

Patrician- aristocrat or nobleman

Fall of Rome

Plebeian - commander

Fall of Rome

Political corruption

Fall of Rome

Rise of the Eastern Empire ( resulting in inflation and economic troubles).

Fall of Rome

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Name the five Romance languages

French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Portuguese

- Alexander did NOT conquer INDIA

Greece

- Aristotle - Sci method

Greece

- Athens vs. sparta = peloponnesian

Greece

- Sparta = military

Greece

- Sparta = strict, no outsiders, no books discussing philosophy / politics

Greece

- homer - Iliad, odyssey

Greece

Alexander the great's conquests (Greece, Asia, Egypt Persia) caused spread of hellenistic culture

Greece

what - city state - has own gov

Greece

what established governments with democratic element (Athens)

Greece

what fell because empire was divided into 3

Greece

what geography made it hard for city states to interact

Greece

what had mountains covering 3/4ths of it

Greece

Classical era trade routes what dramatically increased trade along these routes

Greek colonization (Hellenism)

Early roman notes Why are Greeks and Romans culturally similar

Greeks culture spread to Rome though Greek colonies

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What two empires did the Silk Road connect?

Han Dynasty and Rome

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Describe the effects of Alexander the Great's conquests. (Hellenistic Era)

He made the most military and other armies surrendered

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What and where is the trans Sahara trade route

Land route connecting Sub-Saharan African to the 2 two Eurasion Trade Systems.

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes Why was the Mediterranean Sea important to the Greeks?

Led to colonization

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What territories and bodies of water did the Roman Empire expand and control?

Macedonia, Greece, and other parts of Asia

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes Why was the Mediterranean Sea important to the Phoenicians

Made them more wealthy, trade link with other parts or trade

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Describe the long term contributions of the ancient Greek civilization.

Math, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy

WH-02 -- Overview How were gender roles different in Greek Society

Men had more rights/ power than women

WH-02 -- Overview How were gender roles different in Han Society -

Men- Courage and strength Women- Graceful and delicate

Classical era trade routes Why did Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity spread along the trade routes

Merchants and travelers brought their religions with them.

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era What geographic features contributed to the development of city-states in early Greece?

Mountains and peninsula

WH-02 -- Overview Were the Greek city-states an example of centralized government? Why or why not?

No they were independent

WH-02 -- Overview How were gender roles different in Roman Society

Patriarchal- women were not considered citizens, no right to vote.

Early roman notes What are three social classes or the roman empire

Patricians- Aristotle land owners who held most of the power Plebeians- The common farmers, artisans, and merchants Slaves- POWS, criminals, and people who sold themselves into slavery.

- Why did the Han dynasty decline?

Peasant revolt and Government corruption

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What are four reasons for the fall of Rome? (briefly explain each one)

Public health- lead pipe killed the wealthy , Political corruption- government spent money on themselves and not the empire, Urban decay- poor got poorer and the rich got richer, Inflation- coins lost their value

- Augustus did this to create Pax Romana : Stabilized empire, created jobs, kept soldiers along the border to keep peace, centralized power.

Rome

- Pax Romana - 207 years of peace

Rome

- eastern rome became wealthy bc the cities in the East had various thriving trade cities

Rome

- fell bc of rich and poor conflict

Rome

- fell because corrupt leaders, inflation, foreign soldiers

Rome

- government influence - law system applied to all

Rome

- monarchy, democracy, empire

Rome

- republic - land owning males have the right to vote for representatives

Rome

- result of fall of roman : a period of disorder and weak central government

Rome

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity All about the Punic Wars

Rome and Carthage Over land and Sicilian gain supply The Romans won it made everything weaker

Early roman notes What is the Roman Lake

Rome dominated the Mediterranean

Early roman notes what is a positive effective of the early roman conquest

Rome land and culture expanded

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Give examples of Roman contributions in Language (give examples)-

Spanish and Latin

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Give examples of Roman contributions in Architecture-

Temple of fortuna virilis and Roman theatre

WH-02.3: Han Dynasty (China) Why did the Han dynasty decline?

The Peasants revolted and the government corrupted

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What and where is Mediterranean trade route

The land and sea routes that spread from the Middle East and North Africa into Greece and Rome.

Early roman notes Describe the twelve tables or Rome

The partrians (upper class) held the most power, creating disconnect amongst the pleabians (lower class)

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What is the Pax Romana?

The peaceful time (Golden Age) of Rome

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era What is cultural diffusion? How did Alexander the Great have an impact on cultural diffusion?

The spread of culture and ideas, they started trading more items

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes What and where is the Indian ocean trade route

The water around the Indian ocean

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Give examples of Greek contributions in Literature-

Their history

Classical era trade routes what stands out about the relationship between cities and trade routes

They all have meeting stooping spots

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes Why was this trade route important to both empires?

They are important because the routes kept them safe and allowed them to spread ideas and make a profit.

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Give examples of Greek contributions in Philosophy-

They use observation and reasoning to find out why things happened

Classical era trade routes what is an oasis town

Towns built around oasis' (fertile spot in a desert where water is found) that allowed for trade and rest for merchants

WH-02.2: Greece & Hellenistic Era Compare the ancient city-states of Athens and Sparta, How are they different?

Treated boys and girls different

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Republic-

a government that is not passed down through family

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Patrician-

aristocratic landowners who held most of the power

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What were the social and economic effects of the conquests of Rome?

bring money but the leaders are corrupt and think of themselves. Rich get richer poor get poorer.

-Silk road started in

china

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Give examples of Roman contributions in Christianity-

emperor Constantine

Classical era trade routes why were the trade routes so dangerous before the classical era

lack of protection outside of the established settlements

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity What are the three types of government that Rome had?

monarchy, Republic, and Empire

Classical era trade routes what the four main trade routes if the classical era

silk rd trans Sahara route Indian ocean Mediterranean

Classical era trade routes Besides religion what also spread throughout the trade route

small pox, measles, and bubonic plague

Classical era trade routes where did the silk rd start and end

started under the Han dynasty and ended in Rome

WH-02.3: Han Dynasty (China) Describe the early belief systems in China.

started with legalism then went to fusionism then Taoism

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Plebeian-

the common Farmers, Artisans, and Merchants

WH-02.3: Han Dynasty (China) Define mandate of heaven

the gods pick the ruler and if anything happens they would make sure to tell you

WH-02.3: Han Dynasty (China) Define ethnocentrism

the thought that your religion is better than others

WH-02.1: The Role of Trade Routes Why was the Mediterranean Sea important to the Romans

trade and travel

WH-02.4: Rome & Early Christianity Give examples of Roman contributions in Law/Government-

twelve table and Corpus Juris civilis

Early roman notes How many routes are on the silk road

two