History Vocabulary 4- gilded age part 2

Transportation

action of transporting someone or something

Child Labor

1 out of every 5 kids of the age of 12 worked by 1910, which kept them of the street and close to parents/cheap labor

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 law that prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers

Haymarket Riot

1886 labor-related protest in Chicago which ended in deadly violence

Sherman Antitrust Act

1890 law banning any trust that restrained interstate trade or commerce

political machines

a party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county, or state

settlement houses

community centers organized at the turn of the 20th century to provide social services to the urban poor

urbanization

expansion of cities and/or an increase in the number of people living in them

market economy

free enterprise system; capitalism(individuals own most of the business)

Government Regulations

government takes measures to regulate "Big Businesses" and prevents the formation of monopolies. established the fundamental principle that congress could regulate business in some circumstances

American Federation of Labor

labor union that organized skilled workers in a specific trade and made specific demands rather than seeking broad changes

Knights of Labor

labor union that sought to organize all workers and focused on broad social reforms

Bessemer Process

method developed in the mid-1800s for making steel more efficiently

Great Migration

movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities

Immigration

movement of population from one country to another

Gentlemen's Exclusion Act

pact between US and Japan to end segregation of asian kids in public schools in San Francisco Japan agreed to limit the immigration to the US

Planned Economy

production are publicly and economic activity is controlled by a central authority government controls businesses/people

Homestead Strike (1892)

strike against Carnegie's steelwork; Homestead Pennsylvania

Social Darwinism

the belief held by some in the late nineteenth century that certain nations and races were superior to others and therefore destined to rule over them

Innovation

the creation of a new way of doing something whether the enterprise is concrete or abstract

railroads

tracks made of steel rails along which passengers and freight trains run on

urban centers

urban area/built up area is a human settlement with a high population density

Pullman Strike (1894)

violent 1894 railway workers' strike which began outside of Chicago and spread nationwide