History WWI

Were the terms of the armistice fair?

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What might of happend if Russia had not honored its agreement to defend Serbia?

*I think that if Russia had not helped Serbia, then Serbia would have been destroyed.

How did Americans try to fight the influenza epidemic of 1918?

1.The influenza epidemic started in Kansas, and was spread unknowingly by American soldiers. 2.State and local governments imposed a quarantine, forbidding ill people from leaving their homes. 3.Many cities banned public gatherings, including school.

Lusitania

A British passenger ship sunk by a German U-boat, killing 1,200 people including 128 Americans. The incident fueled anti-German feelings in the US.

Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Archduke Francis Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. He and his wife Sophie were shot and killed while visiting Sarajevo by a 19yr. old Serb nationalist.

trench warfare

Defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches. This was a new kind of warfare in WWI

U boats

German submarine

Should the US have stayed neutral for so long? Why or why not?

I think the U.S. should have stayed neutral because war is very costly, both in lives & financially.

How did the Treaty of Versailles change the map of Europe?

It made Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia independent nations. Poland was restored as a nation. The Central Powers turned over their colonies to the League of Nations, which assigned other European powers to rule them.

Liberty bonds

Liberty bonds were loans to the government that aided its ability to prepare for WWI.

Reparations

Reparations are payments for war damages. The Allied leaders set the payments for war damages at $33 billion

Which countries didn't attend the Paris Peace conference? How do you think this affected the outcome?

Russia and any of The Central Powers didn't attend the conference. The outcome might have been that if the Central Powers had attended, the reparations might have been less severe.

Why did Russia leave the war?

Russia left the war because in November 1917, the Bolsheviks (led my Vladimir Lenin) overthrew the Russian government and seized power. However, the Bolsheviks faced a desperate situation because, their soldiers and sailors were deserting their posts. There were food riots in the cities, and they couldn't keep fighting under these conditions. So, in March 1918, the Russians signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, a peace agreement between Russia and the Central Powers, and they were out of the war.

Selective Service Act

The 1917 Selective Service Act act required men between the ages of 21 and 30 to register to be drafted. Almost three million Americans were drafted. Approx 400,000 of them were African Americans. But, their units were segregated from white forces & were commanded by white officers.

League of nations

The League of Nations was an international assembly of nations whose mission was to settle international disputes & encourage democracy

Militarism

The aggressive strengthening of armed forces. European nations raced to build armies and navies that were larger than ever before.

Central Powers

The alliance between Austria-Hungary and Germany became known as the Central Powers

What were the outcomes of the early battles of WWI?

The outcome of the first battles was that the Central powers were going to have a hard time beating the allied powers. The German leaders underestimated the Russians and the Belgians thinking they'd be able to take France over quickly.

How did the U.S. prepare for war?

They prepared for war by: 1.enacting the Selective Service Act 2.The government raised taxes and issued war bonds to help pay for the preparations for the war. 3.The Food Administration increased food supplies for the troops.

Mobilize

To prepare a country's military for war

How did women help the war effort abroad?

Women provided support for the male troops. The drove ambulances & entered the battlefields as nurses and medics.

Zimmermann Note

a secret telegram that was decoded & published in the American papers. Germany said that they would help Mexico regain lost territories in Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico if they joined the war on the Central Powers side. The American public was outraged by the telegram. President Wilson asked congress to declare war on Germany. " The world must be made safe for democracy." He said. War was declared on April 6, 1917.

Stalemate

a situation in which neither side can win a decisive victory

Henry Cabot Lodge

was a Republican Senator from MA who was opposed to President Woodrow Wilson's plan for the League of Nations. Lodges fear was that it would draw the U.S. into wars not in the Nation's interest.

What were the effects of WWI?

-U.S. entry into the war in 1917 -Millions of deaths and wide-spread destruction in Europe -Treaty of Versailles -Creation of several new nations -formation of the League of Nations

National War Labor Board

-was a government agency organized to help settle disputes between workers and employers in war industries. They helped establish minimum wage and limited work hours. They also required fair pay for women.

How did the war affect the European community?

1. About 5million Allied soldiers & 3.5million soldiers from the Central Powers died in combat. 2. The war devastated an entire generation of young men in many European countries, since most of those that served were healthy. 3. The war brought financial ruin. Factories and farms were left for ruins . 4. Farmers were unable to raise crops which caused severe food shortages. 5. The Allies spent $145Billion on the war effort, while the Central Powers had spent $63Billion. 6. France and Britain has borrowed money from the U.S. and were now in debt to U.S. banks. 7. Germany was also in debt, and it's people were starving.

What steps would you take in your persuasive essay?

1. state you opinion clearly 2. write several sentences with details and examples that support your point of view. 3. conclude your essay with a sentence that summarizes your idea.

What was Germany required to surrender in the armistice?

1.The Allies required Germany to surrender any territory that it had conquered. 2. The Allies insisted that Germany destroy it's aircraft, tanks, big guns, and surrender its U-boats.

Communists

Communists are people who favor the equal distribution of money and the end to all forms of private property

How was the Second Battle of the Marne a turning point in the war?

Germany was in a desperate situation, & launched one last attempt to cross the Marne River. But, they had to stop the offensive due to the large losses on their side. So, they stopped & Paris was protected from invasion.

Allied Powers

Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and later the US were a group of nations that allied to fight the Central Powers in WWI

What were the Causes of WWI?

Nationalism Militarism Competition for Territory Alliance system in Europe

How did nationalism affect Germany & Austria-Hungary differently?

Nationalism affected Germany and Austria-Hungry differently because when several German States came together to form the country of Germany it brought stability to Germany. But it caused instability in Austria-Hungry because the Slavic's wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and join the country of Serbia.

How did the Belgian resistance affect the German War plan?

The Belgian resistance affected the Germans because they held them back long enough so France could prepare their military. The Belgians slowed the Germans advance towards Paris.

What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information?

The Committee on Public Information (CPI) was formed to persuade the public to support the war effort. CPI organized rallies and parades, published posters & pamphlets, & speakers, known 4-minute men gave short patriotic speeches in movie theatres & churches.

What was the American Expeditionary Force

The French & British wanted the U.S. troops known as The American Expeditionary Force to serve in their units. But, General Pershing insisted that the Americans fight as a separate force so that they wouldn't be scattered among the Allied Forces, keeping the U.S. army together. Pershing gave his men intense training because many of them were inexperienced. He believed that taking the time to train his soldiers would help the Allies win the war.

How did the Russian Revolution change the course of the war?

The Russian revolution changed the course of the war because, with Russia out of the war, German generals saw a chance to win the war. The Germans transferred many of its troops from the eastern front to the western front thinking it would crush the enemies.

Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement of World War I.

Why did the US enter WWI?

The U.S. entered WWI because of the sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmermann Note.

American Expeditionary Force

The U.S. troops that joined the French and British units.

How did U.S. troops make a difference in the final battles of the war?

The U.S. troops: 1. Two divisions of the AEF joined French forces 2. The U.S. succeeded in stopping the German advance less than 50 miles from Paris. 3. The Germans were not prepared for the energy & the fighting skills of the Americans.

Armistice

The armistice or truce, went into effect on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918

what factors contributed to the outbreak of WWI?

The factors that contributed to the outbreak of WWI were the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, imperialism, alliances, and nationalism.

How successful was trench warfare as a strategy?

Trench warfare was not a very good strategy because the soldiers spent months in these cold, wet, and muddy ditches. The filthy trenches were perfect breeding grounds for germs, and soldiers on both sides died from disease. Soldiers in the trenches were easy targets for airplanes to swoop in and drop bombs.