HLPR 2000

Saturation is defined as _____.

The absence of new findings in the data

Analytic categories in naturalistic analyses _____.

emerge from the data

A Type I error occurs if the null hypothesis is accepted when it should be rejected.

false

All data in naturalistic inquiry should be managed through transcription.

false

Coding is not used in naturalistic analysis.

false

Hypotheses are atheoretical.

false

If little is known about a particular phenomenon, it is best to start with strong hypothetical statements that can be rigorously tested.

false

It is not possible to analyze naturalistic data with a software program.

false

Naturalistic data analysis relies on statistical computation

false

Which of the following lists 5 of the 10 essentials of research?

identify philosophical foundation, identify theory base, select a design strategy, obtain information, share and use research knowledge.

Analysis of ethnographic data analysis can include the following strategy:

thematic analysis AND taxonomic analysis

Pragmatism supports which tradition?

Mixed methods tradition

Weight is likely to increase as height increases. This statement is an example of: Question options:

A relationship

A taxonomy is ____

A system containing both categories and their relationships

What is crystallization? Question options:

All are correct

Which of the following elements must be addressed in designing an experimental-type study?

All of these choices

Enumerative studies:

Are atheoretical.

Which of the following is true in a positive relationship between two variables?

Both variables increase or decrease together.

The steps used in inferential statistics include all of the following except which one?

Conducting a correlational analysis

Data cleaning refers to _____.

Correcting errors in an inputted data set for accuracy.

SYSTAT, SPSS, PSPP, N-Vivo, Atlas.ti, and SAS are examples of _____. Question options:

Data analysis software

Data reduction is the primary purpose of which level of statistical analysis?

Descriptive

Which is not a characteristic of naturalistic inquiry? Question options:

Experimenter control

Which of the following is not an example of a hypothesis?

Fear of large dogs derives from childhood experiences.

In naturalistic research, investigators may use which of the following in boundary setting? Question options:

Geographic location

Which type of research query in naturalistic inquiry is used primarily to generate theory? Question options:

Grounded theory

Experimental-type research is ______ in its sequencing of the 10 essentials.

Hierarchical

The purpose(s) of descriptive statisics is/are to _____.

Identify central tendencies of the study sample AND describe a distribution of values

A research query in naturalistic inquiry may have which of the following characteristics?

It is a broad statement that identifies both a particular phenomenon and a context for a study.

A research question in experimental-type research has which of the following characteristics?

It is posted a priori or before entering the field.

A codebook _____.

Lists information on both variable names and values.

Experimental-type research is bsed on the unifying philosophical foundatio of which of the following?

Logical positivism

Which of the following are not measures of validity?

Mean, median mode

Mode, median, and mean are examples of which type of statistics?

Measures of central tendency

A researcher measures a variable and then interviews the respondents to find out what else besides what was tested might be important in informing the research question. This example illustrates a(n) _____________ study.

Mixed method approach

A theory generating study is:

Naturalistic

Mixed method research is based on which of the following philosophical frameworks?

Pragmatism

Multiple regression analysis is an example of a statistical action process that can be used to do which of the following?

Predict the effect of several independent variables on one dependent variable.

The following is not part of a theory:

Reality

In experimental-type research, investigators set boundaries through which of the following?

Sampling

Deductive studies should be considered when _____. Question options:

Theories are well developed.

What is the relationship among depressive symptoms, impairment status, functional status, and use of adaptive devices among elders older than age 65?

This is an example of a Level 2 research question.

To what extent do faculty attitudes influence the number of students with disabilities who are accepted in occupational therapy programs? Question options:

This is an example of a Level 3 research question.

A byte is:

a measure of digital storage

A concept is _____.

all are correct

When can naturalistic data analysis be conducted?

all are correct

Which of the following is a basic statistical approach for evaluating relationships?

contingency tables

DePoy and Gitlin consider big data studies as part of the the:

mixed methods tradition

In statistical analysis, label refers to _____.

the name of a variable

Being a member of a group in which you are conducting a naturalistic study is an example of an emic perspective.

true

The following is a critical reason that Type I error should be avoided: The investigator would claim a difference between group values when no difference would be found. Question options:

true

The main purpose of inferential statistics is to evaluate the extent to which specified observations of a sample are representative of the target population.

true