HLTH 231 quiz 4

Students who begin to doze off during a lecture are usually in which stage of sleep? 1 4 2 3

1

How much sleep do newborns need daily? 16 to 18 hours. 13 to 15 hours. 19 to 21 hours. 10 to 12 hours.

16 to 18 hours.

During which stage of sleep does a person disengage from the environment? 1 2 3 4

2

According to a major U.S. consensus statement, most adults should get how many hours of sleep per night for optimal health? 6 or more 7 or more 8 or more 9 or more

7 or more

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning emotional health? An emotionally healthy person keeps feelings inside to avoid burdening others. Emotional health is the subjective side of psychological health. Emotional health interacts with other aspects of an individual's health. An emotionally healthy person responds appropriately to upsetting events most of the time.

An emotionally healthy person keeps feelings inside to avoid burdening others.

Which of the following actions helps maintain a sleep-promoting environment? Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter. Light: Keep the bedroom brightly lit until you are ready to go to sleep. Comfort: Keep your cell phone, TV, laptop, and/or other devices by your bed so that you know you can reach them easily should you need them. Warmth: Set the thermostat in your bedroom to 68-70 degrees Fahrenheit.

Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter.

Which of the following actions helps maintain a sleep-promoting environment? Warmth: Set the thermostat in your bedroom to 68-70 degrees Fahrenheit. Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter. Light: Keep the bedroom brightly lit until you are ready to go to sleep. Comfort: Keep your cell phone, TV, laptop, and/or other devices by your bed so that you know you can reach them easily should you need them.

Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter.

Which of the following is TRUE about the effect of exercise on your quality of sleep? Exercising strenuously in the morning or afternoon boosts sleep quality. Exercising a couple of hours before sleep improves sleep more than exercising in the morning. Exercising strenuously heats up your body and thereby helps you to fall asleep. Aerobic exercise improves sleep more than aerobic exercise combined with stretching.

Exercising strenuously in the morning or afternoon boosts sleep quality.

Of the following countries, in which do citizens, on average, get the most sleep? USA Japan Mexico UK

Mexico

Which of the following statements about caffeine is true? Although caffeine is widely thought to increase alertness, it does not actually have this effect. A cup of drip coffee and a double espresso have about the same amount of caffeine. The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more. Caffeine consumption among college students has declined steadily in the past decade.

The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more.

Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks? About 2 percent of college students report having been diagnosed or treated for panic attacks. They typically last for 5 to 10 minutes. They can lead to social isolation. They typically come on gradually.

They can lead to social isolation.

Marcella has a persistent fear of social situations; she is suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. post-traumatic stress disorder. schizophrenia. a phobia.

a phobia

What percentage of the world's population lacks adequate sleep? about 35 percent about 55 percent about 45 percent about 25 percent

about 45 percent

The body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response is a(n) ________ response. biological adaptive fight-or-flight sympathetic 1

adaptive

Julia is extremely upset to discover a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend has sent to another woman. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation? alarm resistance exhaustion denial

alarm

Jason is frustrated because he has three projects due at the same time next week and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out. Jason has self-efficacy. an external locus of control. self-confidence. an internal locus of control.

an external locus control

Relationships can cause stress in all the following ways EXCEPT excitement and eustress in the early stages of a new relationship. competition and conflicts with work colleagues. jobs with high expectations and low control. aspiring to be the best one can be.

aspiring to be the best one can be.

Obstructive sleep apnea increases a person's risk for all of the following EXCEPT high blood pressure. stroke. asthma. irregular heartbeats.

asthma

The disruption of which factor results in jet lag? natural light circadian rhythm blood pressure blood glucose level

circadian rhythm

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n) physical exam and blood tests. evaluation of all daily activities. survey of sleep habits. clinical sleep study.

clinical sleep study

After working on a class project all week and only sleeping about four hours per night, Courtney is getting an adequate amount of sleep for her body needs. increasing her ability to handle sleep deprivation. compromising her immunity. improving her productivity.

compromising her immunity

When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to conservation of body energy during sleep. increased body temperature and caloric expenditure during sleep. cognitive ability being restored during sleep. increased brain activity during sleep.

conservation of body energy during sleep

You have been a successful doctor of internal medicine for many years. You recently gave up your large practice in the city to join the staff of a small-town clinic where you will work four days a week. Which method are you using to manage stress? meditation stress inoculation downshifting biofeedback

downshifting

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep? eating spicy food failing grades having to get up early for morning classes electronic devices

electronic devices

Carol believes that she sleeps reasonably well at night, yet she feels chronically sluggish and frequently nods off during classes. Carol is most likely experiencing clinical depression. excessive daytime sleepiness. insomnia. secondary somnolence.

excessive daytime sleepiness.

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in? denial exhaustion resistance alarm

exhaustion

Adequate sleep may enhance intellectual health in all the following ways EXCEPT by synthesizing learning. expending energy. consolidating memories. clearing the brain of daily minutia.

expending energy.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in restful sleep. deep breathing. frequent night waking. reduced snoring.

frequent night walking

Which of the following factors influences a person's sleep needs? time zone gender alcohol intake caffeine intake

gender

All of the following negatively affect the quality of sleep EXCEPT drinking alcohol at night. drinking caffeine at night. needing to get out of bed to go to the bathroom. getting lots of exercise during the day.

getting lots of exercise during the day.

During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones? insulin growth hormone melanin melatonin

growth hormone

Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he is inaccurate in recalling how much sleep he gets. has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm. has a unipolar mood disorder that decreases his sleep needs. drinks four or more caffeinated beverages per day.

has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm.

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT heart disease. migraines. hearing loss. diabetes.

hearing loss

Suicidal ideation is significantly associated with a Type D personality. high stress and low self-esteem. broken heart syndrome. hostility.

high-stress and low self-esteem

Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history of "road rage" and extreme competitiveness. All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life. bouts of anger ranging from irritation to rage. his actions that often harm others verbally or physically. his negative beliefs and hostile attitudes toward others.

his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life.

The part of the brain involved in controlling the body's overall reaction to stress is the hypothalamus. frontal lobe. pituitary gland. cerebral cortex.

hypothalmus

How does sleep deprivation affect drivers? increases hunger impairs motor skills increases thirst improves response time

impairs motor skills

People who have experienced repeated failures may develop a pattern of response in which they give up and fail to take any positive action. This is called learned optimism. resistance. laziness. learned helplessness.

learned helplessness

The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth, is known as mortality. life expectancy. morbidity. population control.

life expectancy

Of the following choices, the source of stress experienced by the greatest percentage of American adults is family responsibilities. personal health concerns. money. relationships.

money

The restful, restorative period of sleep is rapid-wave sleep. non-REM sleep. alternating-wave sleep. REM sleep.

non-REM sleep

A person's bone structure is an example of a(n) epigenetic factor. environmental influence. behavioral choice. nonmodifiable determinant.

non-modifiable determinant

One reason the validity of the Type A personality theory has been debated is that not all Type A people experience negative health consequences. far more people have been found to have Type C or D personality rather than Type A or B. most people have either Type A or Type B personalities. the early research had serious methodological flaws.

not all Type A people experience negative health consequences.

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in the increased short-term memory only. reduced cognitive ability. improved memory in general. a higher grade on his exam.

reduced cognitive ability.

The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is sleepwalking. narcolepsy. central sleep apnea. restless legs syndrome.

restless legs syndrome

During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by sensors and electrodes nurses on the night shift. full-time sleep specialists. imaging equipment.

sensors and electrodes

Which of the following is a key time management strategy that can reduce stress? Set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end. Multitask. Only clean up clutter when you have enough time to get to all of it. Stack your mail in one place and go through it once a week.

set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end

The sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted many times during sleep is insomnia. sleep apnea. narcolepsy. sleep inertia.

sleep apnea

All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT stimulants. antidepressants. antihistamines. muscle relaxants.

stimulants

Marie's parents have given her money for a down payment on a new car; they are providing her with obligatory support. intangible support. tangible support. social support.

tangible support.

ADHD

tends to disrupt relationships

Non-REM sleep is called slow-wave sleep because there is slow eye movement during this stage. the brain generates theta and delta waves. it is the stage during which dreams occur. this is the deepest stage of sleep.

the brain generates theta and delta waves.

Sean becomes very sleepy by late afternoon most days and thinks he should make time to fit in a nap. Before including a daily nap in his schedule, he should consider which of the following to ensure that he actually benefits from it? his body weight and tendency to snore his need for caffeine in the afternoon the time of day and length of the nap his accumulated sleep debt

the time of day and length of the nap

Jake is an excellent student and seems pretty resilient. He is passionate about becoming a pediatrician someday, and perseveres despite a high stress level due to his heavy course load and tight finances. Which of the following traits does Jake demonstrate? shifting the typical Type A personality the typical Type B personality grit

the typical Type A personality

Insomnia is often characterized by waking up frequently during the night. nightmares. temporary lapses in breathing while asleep. chronic joint pain upon lying down.

waking up frequently during the night.

All of the following are common side effects of psychotropic drugs EXCEPT sexual dysfunction. nausea. weight loss. headaches.

weight loss.

Major public health achievements of the twentieth century include pharmaceutical products. workplace safety. lower birth rates. mental health counseling.

workplace sfatey