HLTH 231 quiz 4

Students who begin to doze off during a lecture are usually in which stage of sleep?

1 (one)

How much sleep do newborns need daily?

16-18 hours

Which of the following groups of Americans is most likely to unintentionally fall asleep during the day?

18-25 year olds

During which stage of sleep does a person disengage from the environment?

2

According to a major U.S. consensus statement, most adults should get how many hours of sleep per night for optimal health?

7 or more

Which of the following actions helps maintain a sleep-promoting environment? -Warmth: Set the thermostat in your bedroom to 68-70 degrees Fahrenheit. -Light: Keep the bedroom brightly lit until you are ready to go to sleep. -Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter. -Comfort: Keep your cell phone, TV, laptop, and/or other devices by your bed so that you know you can reach them easily should you need them.

Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter

Sleepwalking sometimes occurs during

NREM stage 4

When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to

conservation of body energy during sleep

Vijay often tosses and turns, unable to sleep for an hour or more after he goes to bed. Which of the following will help change this pattern and allow him to fall asleep faster?

getting up after 20 minutes and doing something relaxing until he feels happy

Bedwetting, snoring, sleepwalking, and sleep-related eating disorder are all examples of

parasomnias

REM sleep is named for which physiological activity that occurs while dreaming?

rapid eye movement

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in

reduced cognitive ability

The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is

restless leg syndrome

During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by

sensors and electrodes

The difference between hours of sleep needed and actual hours slept is

sleep debt

When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing

sleep inertia

All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT -stimulants. -muscle relaxants. -antidepressants. -antihistamines.

stimulants

Non-REM sleep is called slow-wave sleep because

the brain generated delta and theta waves

The restful, restorative period of sleep is

non-REM sleep

Which of the following statements about caffeine is true? -A cup of drip coffee and a double espresso have about the same amount of caffeine. -The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more. -Caffeine consumption among college students has declined steadily in the past decade. -Although caffeine is widely thought to increase alertness, it does not actually have this effect.

The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more

What percentage of the world's population lacks adequate sleep?

about 45 percent

Obstructive sleep apnea increases a person's risk for all of the following EXCEPT -asthma -irregular heartbeats -stroke -HTN

asthma

Using electronic devices before bed may disrupt sleep patterns for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the -blue light they give off. -beeping sounds they sometimes produce. -sleep-inducing hormone they suppress. -increased alertness they can cause.

beeping sounds they sometimes produce

During non-REM sleep

body temperature and energy use drop

The disruption of which factor results in jet lag?

circadian rhythm

André has a job in international affairs that requires him to travel frequently across multiple time zones. André is at increased risk for

circadian rhythm disorder

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n)

clinical sleep study

After working on a class project all week and only sleeping about four hours per night, Courtney is

compromising her immunity

The most commonly prescribed therapy for obstructive sleep apnea is

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine identifies more than 80 distinct types of

dyssomnia

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?

electronic devices

Carol believes that she sleeps reasonably well at night, yet she feels chronically sluggish and frequently nods off during classes. Carol is most likely experiencing

excessive daytime sleepiness

Which of the following is TRUE about the effect of exercise on your quality of sleep? -Exercising a couple of hours before sleep improves sleep more than exercising in the morning. -Exercising strenuously in the morning or afternoon boosts sleep quality. -Aerobic exercise improves sleep more than aerobic exercise combined with stretching. -Exercising strenuously heats up your body and thereby helps you to fall asleep.

exercising strenuously in the morning or afternoon boost sleep quality

Adequate sleep may enhance intellectual health in all the following ways EXCEPT by -consolidating memories. -synthesizing learning. -clearing the brain of daily minutia. -expending energy.

expending energy

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in

frequent night waking

Which of the following factors influences a person's sleep needs? -gender -alcohol intake -caffeine intake -time zone

gender

According to research, immune function is increased in adolescents who

get more than 9 hours of sleep a night

All of the following negatively affect the quality of sleep EXCEPT -needing to get out of bed to go to the bathroom. -drinking alcohol at night. -getting lots of exercise during the day. -drinking caffeine at night.

getting lots of exercise during the day

During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones?

growth hormone

Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he

has a genetic variant that is affecting his circadian rhythm

How does sleep deprivation affect drivers?

impairs motor skills

Maria has difficulty falling asleep quickly, and many morning she wakes feeling unrefreshed. Maria most likely has

insomnia

The most common sleep disorder is

insomnia

Light traveling through the retina of the eye is a key factor in the regulation of

melatonin

The hormone released by the pineal gland that causes drowsiness is

melatonin

Of the following countries, in which do citizens, on average, get the most sleep?

mexico

The condition that causes people to fall asleep involuntarily during the day is

narcolepsy

Sean becomes very sleepy by late afternoon most days and thinks he should make time to fit in a nap. Before including a daily nap in his schedule, he should consider which of the following to ensure that he actually benefits from it?

the time of day and length of the nap

Insomnia is often characterized by

waking up frequently during the night