HLTH Chapter 1 Homework

Which example best matches the Health Belief Model of behavior change?

After taking a health class and learning about heart disease statistics linked to smoking, Emmanuel realizes his behavior is too risky and decides to quit smoking.

Determinants of health influence the health of individuals as well as the overall wellness of the community. All of the determinants (individual behavior, biology and genetics, social factors, policymaking, and health services) are critical. You can control some of these determinants, and some you cannot. The determinants of health and examples of each type of determinant are listed below. Drag the appropriate examples of each type to their respective bins.

Individual Behavior: physical activity tobacco use excessive alcohol consumption poor nutrition Biology and Genetics: asthma race age hemophilia Social Factors: educational opportunities access to good jobs Policymaking: drunk driving laws smoking bans Health Services: mental health services access to health insurance

A growing body of evidence links mindfulness to positive health outcomes. Which statement about mindfulness is true?

Mindfulness provides a better awareness of oneself and emphasizes focus in the moment.

Now, consider each dimension of health and what it really means. Each dimension has unique considerations for you to understand as you explore what maintaining health means to your life. Remember that the dimensions of health complement each other. Drag the appropriate phrases to their respective bins, representing the different dimensions of health.

Physical Health: fitness and recuperative abilities performing activities of daily living susceptibility to disease or disorders Social Health: adapting to various social situations satisfying interpersonal relationships Intellectual Health: learning from successes and mistakes responsible decision making healthy curiosity Emotional Health: trust and love self-esteem and self-confidence Spiritual Health: feeling a part of a greater spectrum of existence meaning and purpose in life Environmental Health: protecting yourself from hazards at work and home working to preserve, protect, and improve conditions in the world

SMART goals are __________.

Specific, Measurable, Action-oriented, Realistic, Time-oriented

Everyone wants to be healthy and knows that some behaviors are barriers to realizing optimal health. People often may know that they need to change, but are often reluctant to try or are unsuccessful in their efforts. It isn't enough to want to change, an individual has to have a plan to change. According to the transtheoretical model, you need to prepare to change and take a step-by-step approach to realize your goals. Drag each of the following stages of the transtheoretical model of behavior change to its respective target, a statement made by someone undergoing behavior change.

Termination: I never even think about smoking anymore Precontemplation: I have never been able to quit smoking before. It is just a part of who I am. Contemplation: I have to quit smoking. It is just too dangerous for me and those around me. I'm not yet sure, though, how to do it. Maintenance: I have been doing so well for over 7 months now, but aI did smoke with my friends at that bar last night. Preparation: I have money for the medication to help me stop smoking, and I also have my support group ready. Action: After I formed my plan. I started taking the medication and I have been to two meetings with my support group.

Wellness is a concept that includes:

a dynamic, ever changing process of trying to achieve maximum potential in each of the dimensions a way of expressing the complexity of health by recognizing different levels of health depending on the situation at the time

Based on the transtheoretical model of behavior change, a person who has begun to practice a new behavior is in which stage of change?

action

Which of the following behaviors is a nonmodifiable determinant?

age

Which of the following is NOT an example of a disease- or injury-prevention initiative?

blood drives

The current leading cause of death in the United States has shifted from infectious disease to __________.

chronic disease

All EXCEPT which of the following would be considered positive reinforcements for behavior change?

doing 30 extra minutes of exercise because you skipped your workout yesterday

Health is no longer defined as simply the absence of disease or infirmity. Modern models emphasize health promotion, identify risk behaviors, and focus on wellness. Which of the following is not one of the dimensions that contribute to your overall health and wellness?

economic health

Policies and programs that promote and help maintain behaviors known to support good health are known as __________.

health promotion

As part of the process of changing a negative health behavior, the first step is to __________.

increase awareness of the behavior

There are two models or ways of thinking about health: the medical model and the public health model. Both attempt to explain the complex concept of health, but have different emphases. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.

medical disease medication surgery ecological population stress access to health care disease prevention

The process by which a person learns a specific behavior by watching others perform it is __________.

modeling

Biological or genetic determinants that you can't typically change are known as __________.

nonmodifiable determinants

When searching the Internet to find answers to questions, the following can help you find accurate information EXCEPT...

only using .com-type websites

You can help reduce your own risk of certain chronic diseases by making lifestyle choices a priority now. The earlier you consider how to modify your own behaviors, the less likely you are to suffer from the chronic diseases that are the leading causes of death in the United States. From the list below, choose the disease that was not one of the more prevalent chronic diseases in the United States in 2014.

pneumonia

A view of health in which diseases are viewed as a result of an individual's interaction with his or her environment is known as the __________.

public health model

The belief in one's ability to perform a task successfully is known as __________.

self-efficacy

Economic factors, the built environment, and pollutants and infectious agents are all part of __________ that influence health.

social factors

The ability to develop satisfying interpersonal relationships is an example of which component of health?

social health

The dimension of health that involves having a sense of purpose in one's life is known as the __________ dimension.

spiritual health

Which of the following are policymaking determinants of health?

tax on sugary soft drinks. seat belt laws school lunch programs

Self-talk is based on the premise that __________.

there is a close connection between what people say to themselves and how they feel

All of the following are ways to describe mindfulness EXCEPT...

thinking of the future

Behavior change is a process; it is not a single step that can be accomplished in a day, week, or sometimes even longer. Preparing to change can only come after increasing awareness of health and contemplating changes in behaviors. From the list below, select all of the actions that will help a person preparing to change a behavior. Select all that apply.

using shaping setting a SMART goal anticipating barriers to change

Studies associated with mindfulness have shown all the following EXCEPT...

weight gain

The dynamic, ever-changing process of trying to achieve one's potential in each of the six interrelated dimensions based on one's unique limitations and strengths is the definition of __________.

wellness