HPU: Human Communication Radanovich Midterm

Which of the following options is considered to be the ideal number of main points in a formal outline? A. 3 to 5 B. 8 or more C. 7 or 8 D. 1 or 2 E. 5 or 6

A. 3 to 5

When Jo was planning her speech, she knew she needed a medium that would be an excellent memory and reference aid for her audience. When she had chosen one, she realized it should probably be used after she had finished speaking, to avoid distractions. Which visual aid did she decide on? A. A handout. B. A whiteboard. C. A flip pad. D. A projector.

A. A handout.

Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a topic pattern? A. A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups B. A report on events that affected specific geographical areas C. A proposal for a specific plan of action to address an issue D. An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point E. A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest

A. A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups

Normal speaking speed is _______________, which is about the same rate as a television newscaster would speak. A. Between 120 and 150 words per minute B. Between 150 and 170 words per minute C. Between 90 and 120 words per minute D. Between 170 and 200 words per minute

A. Between 120 and 150 words per minute

Randall realizes he needs to pay less attention to his own feelings and concentrate on the audience. Which tip for overcoming unhelpful speech anxiety is he using? A. Maintain a receiver orientation. B. Use nervousness to your advantage. C. Understand the differences between rational and irrational fears. D. Keep a positive attitude.

A. Maintain a receiver orientation.

Which visual aspect of delivery helps you to extend the "action zone" - the center area at the front of the room where you are speaking - so that you can establish a connection with more of your audience? A. Movement B. Appearance C. Dynamic visuals D. Posture

A. Movement

Audiences tend to listen more carefully during the ____________ of a speech. A. beginning and ending B. quotations C. subpoints D. main points E. transitions

A. beginning and ending

The _____________ might also be labeled the fallacy of exaggeration, because it occurs when a person blows one poor experience out of proportion, or when a speaker treats occasional lapses as if they were the rule rather than the exception. A. fallacy of overgeneralization B. fallacy of catastrophic failure C. fallacy of irrational thinking D. fallacy of approval

A. fallacy of overgeneralization

A _____________ maps out the direction of a moving point; it is ideally suited for showing changes over time. A. line chart B. pictogram C. diagram D. model

A. line chart

In a question-and-answer period, a speaker may respond to a question by saying, "If I understand your question correctly, I think you are asking how I interpret the legal battle. Am I correct?" This speaker's response is an example of ____________. A. paraphrasing B. brief answer to the question C. evasion of the question D. strategic listening E. defensive reaction to a question

A. paraphrasing

Adi and Liana are both from Indonesia. They have many things in common like language, traditions, values, and customs. Even so, Adi is still not close friends with Liana. They have different religious beliefs. Adi feels an emotional connection to people that share his religious beliefs and no affiliation to those who don't. Adi does feel an emotional connection to Miguel, although he is from South America, because they both share religious beliefs. What choice below best characterizes Adi's relationships with Liana and Miguel? A. Adi is in an out-group with Miguel because they are from different continents and Liana is also in an out-group with Adi because they do not share religious beliefs. B. Adi is in an out-group with Miguel because they are from different continents and Liana is in an in-group with Adi because they share a language, traditions, values and customs. C. Adi is in an in-group with Miguel because they share religious beliefs and Liana is in an out-group with Adi because they do not share religious beliefs. D. Adi is in an in-group with Miguel because they share religious beliefs and Liana is also in an in-group with Adi because they share a language, traditions, values and customs.

Adi is in an in-group with Miguel because they share religious beliefs and Liana is in an out-group with Adi because they do not share religious beliefs.

Chandra is speaking with Annette about her class project. Annette looks at Chandra while she speaks and nods politely, even though she is thinking of what she's making for dinner. Chandra begins to talk about what she's making for dinner and catches Annette's attention. After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about all of the emails she needs to respond to. She knows she has a personal issue she needs to resolve and she can't get it off her mind. Besides Annette listening to Chandra about what she's making for dinner, the conversation has not gone well. Which part of this description indicates message overload? A. Annette looks at Chandra while she speaks and nods politely, even though she is thinking of what she's making for dinner. B. She knows she has a personal issue she needs to resolve and she can't get it off her mind. C. After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about the emails she needs to respond to. D. Chandra begins to talk about what she's making for dinner and catches Annette's attention.

After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about the emails she needs to respond to.

The rule of simplicity states that visual aids ____________. A. should work when needed B. should follow the "rule of seven" C. must be appropriate to all the components of the speaking situation D. should be visually interesting and as neat as possible E. should clarify, not confuse

B. should follow the "rule of seven"

When Rosalia is speaking she says, "This is what we're goin' to do." What is occurring? A. Substitution B. Deletion C. Slurring D. Neglecting

B. Deletion

Which of the following statements is untrue? A. Not all linguistic symbols are spoken or written words. B. Denotative meaning involves thoughts and feelings associated with words. C. Language is governed by rules. D. Denotative meanings are formally recognized definitions of a term.

B. Denotative meaning involves thoughts and feelings associated with words.

Which of the following guidelines is essential to follow in the introduction of an informative speech? A. Provide internal summaries and internal previews. B. Establish the importance of your topic to your audience. C. Limit your division of main points to three to five subpoints. D. Use transitions. E. Provide your audience with a memory aid.

B. Establish the importance of your topic to your audience.

Anna is having a hard time with all her social media accounts. Trying to keep up with several platforms, each having over 100 friends, overwhelms her. What best explains what is happening? A. Information exchange B. Information overload C. Information hunger D. Vocal citation E. Informative speaking

B. Information overload

Which of the following is most clearly an example of nonverbal communication? A. Speeches B. Laughter C. American Sign Language D. Email

B. Laughter

Which of the following is an effective technique for concluding a speech? A. Introducing a few final points you haven't made B. Reviewing the points you made in your introduction C. Finishing the last subpoint in your outline succinctly D. Mentioning the research you didn't have time to do E. Waiting for the audience to applaud your speech

B. Reviewing the points you made in your introduction

Jeff gives a speech about the Council on Aging of Northwest Florida. While making his main point, he says, "The numbers you just saw came from actual statistical data provided by the State of Florida Department of Elder Affairs." His statement could best be classified as ___________________. A. information hunger B. a vocal citation C. informative purpose statement D. a signpost E. a sound bite

B. a vocal citation

Just as totally relaxed actors or musicians aren't likely to perform at the top of their potential, speakers think more rapidly and express themselves more energetically when they experience _______________. A. debilitative speech anxiety B. facilitative speech anxiety C. irrational thinking D. the fallacy of perfection

B. facilitative speech anxiety

Tyler has a lot of nervous energy as he begins his speech and he begins to shake and twitch. Which visual aspect of delivery should he have considered beforehand? A. posture B. movement C. appearance D. dynamic visuals

B. movement

One of the effective ways a speaker can emphasize important points is by using ____________. A. memory tricks B. repetition C. complex ideas D. banners E. instructions

B. repetition

Many teachers suggest that your ____________ should have just enough information listed to jog your memory but not enough to get lost in. A. formal outline B. speaking notes C. main points D. working outline E. visual aids

B. speaking notes

"After listening to my speech, the audience will understand how to fill out a local ballot." This purpose statement is effective because it ____________. A. is not adapted to the audience B. tells what the audience will be able to do C. tells the audience what to think D. explains what the speaker will do E. gets the attention of the audience

B. tells what the audience will be able to do

Through _______________, you make sense of a message. A. remembering B. understanding C. responding D. attending

B. understanding

A __________ pattern organizes a speech by incorporating repetitions and variations of themes and ideas. A. climax B. wave C. time D. cause-effect E. topic

B. wave

Which of the following statements about the way women and men communicate is true: A. When talking to other women, women tend to spend more time discussing recreational topics like technology and nightlife than men do among themselves. B. Men and women speak roughly the same number of words per day. C. Women seldom report talking about work, movies, and television. D. Women usually do most of the talking in professional settings.

B: Men and women speak roughly the same number of words per day

Katie is much better than Enrico at interpreting the nonverbal cues of their boss. What explanation might you offer for this difference, applying a historical perspective? A. Historically, men who ignore nonverbal cues rise more quickly to positions of power in organizations. B. Because women have historically had less power, they have had greater incentive to read men's nonverbal cues than the other way around. C. Higher levels of estrogen make women more sensitive to nonverbal cues. D. Higher levels of testosterone make men less sensitive to nonverbal cues.

Because women have historically had less power, they have had greater incentive to read men's nonverbal cues than the other way around.

What type of chart would be best suited for showing the percentage of the American population with immigrant parents from China, Venezuela, and Yemen, respectively? A. A line chart B. A bar chart C. A pie chart D. A diagram E. A column chart

C. A pie chart

Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a climax pattern? A. An examination of attitudes toward a subject at different points in history B. A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups C. A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest D. An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point E. A report on events that affected specific geographical areas

C. A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest

Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a wave pattern? A. A proposal for a specific plan of action to address an issue B. An explanation of the results of a scientific experiment C. An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point D. A report on events that affected specific geographical areas E. A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest

C. An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point

There's no logical reason why the letters in the word test should stand for the object you're taking now. This demonstrates which characteristic of communication? A. Communication is unintentional. B. Communication is relational. C. Communication is symbolic. D. Communication is irreversible.

C. Communication is symbolic

This type of speech delivery has the added benefit of being a highly effective training aid that teaches you to think on your feet and organize your thoughts quickly. A. Memorized speech B. Extemporaneous speech C. Impromptu speech D. Manuscript speech

C. Impromptu speech

Which statement best characterizes how persuasive speaking and informative speaking compare to each other? A. In persuasive speaking you don't inform your audience about anything. B. In informative speaking you don't ever persuade your audience to understand. C. Informative speaking generally tends to be noncontroversial. D. The informative speaker does not seek a response from the listener. E. Informative speaking tends to change attitudes.

C. Informative speaking generally tends to be noncontroversial.

Amy is telling Katherine about some relationship issues she's having. Katherine really understands the feelings Amy is expressing. Katherine's understanding matches what Amy is saying. What best explains Katherine's response to Amy? A. She is engaged in low-fidelity listening. B. She is engaged in incremental listening. C. She is engaged in high-fidelity listening. D. She is engaged in feedback listening.

C. She is engaged in high-fidelity listening.

Which of the following patterns is recommended for presenting information? A. Vague to clear B. Complex to simple C. Simple to complex D. Central to superficial E. Interesting to less interesting

C. Simple to complex

Which statement below best relates to perceived physical noise? A. People are most impressed by listeners who ask questions and make supportive statements. B. Whatever the goal—to have a prospective boss hire you, to convince others to vote for the candidate of your choice, or to describe the way you want your hair cut—the key to success seems to be the ability to speak well. C. The sound of traffic, music, others' speech, and the like may interfere with your ability to hear well. D. You give others a mental brush-off and assume their remarks don't have much value.

C. The sound of traffic, music, others' speech, and the like may interfere with your ability to hear well.

Which choice below is most closely related to rapid thought? A. Experts suggest that we may listen better if we don't try to listen every minute. B. It's hard to pay attention to someone else when you're anticipating an upcoming test or thinking about the wonderful time you had last night. C. We have a great deal of mental "spare time" to spend while someone is talking. D. Americans are most impressed by listeners who ask questions and make supportive statements.

C. We have a great deal of mental "spare time" to spend while someone is talking.

Which kind of outline is meant to be written informally because its contents are subject to change? A. Keyword outline B. Final outline C. Working outline D. Formal outline E. Manuscript outline

C. Working outline

A speaker can generate ____________ by personalizing his or her speech, using clear language, using volunteers, and having a question-and-answer period. A. audience trust B. a sense of correctness C. audience involvement D. personal confidence E. persuasiveness

C. audience involvement

A ____________ pattern organizes a speech by describing an unsatisfactory state of affairs and then proposing a plan to remedy the problem. A. cause-effect B. time C. problem-solution D. topic E. climax

C. problem-solution

The method by which a message is conveyed between people is called a _________________. A. device B. message C. symbol D. channel

Channel

Sophia's friends always enjoy talking to her, as she tries to imagine their own viewpoints on a range of subjects. Sophia illustrates which implication of competent communication? A. Competent communicators are committed B. Competence is situational C. Competence can be learned D. Competent communicators are empathic

Competent communicators are empathic

Finn needs to depict a means of deciding what to watch on Netflix. He depicts the process with boxes and arrows. Which chart is Finn likely to use? A. A line chart. B. A bar chart. C. A pie chart. D. A flow chart.

D. A flow chart.

When Peggy is speaking she says "athalete" instead of athlete. What is occurring? A. Neglecting B. Substitution C. Deletion D. Addition

D. Addition

The main reason for Jenny's anxiety before her big speech was that she had no idea how the audience was going to react to what she was saying. Her friend Rob, who had more experience of public speaking, advised her that there was, above all, one visual aspect of delivery which worked as a kind of reality testing; it could not only increase contact with the listeners, but help to reduce the nerves. What aspect of nonverbal delivery was Rob advising Jenny to consider? A. Keeping it entertaining. B. Good posture. C. Using dynamic visuals. D. Eye contact.

D. Eye contact.

Jared is looking intently at his computer screen when his father walks into his room. What should his father conclude about Jared's behavior? A. He is concentrating. B. He is angry. C. He does not want to be disturbed. D. It is impossible to say because nonverbal cues can mean more than one thing.

D. It is impossible to say because nonverbal cues can mean more than one thing.

Which of the following statements is untrue? A. Listening skills are among the top five things rated most important by recruiters. B. Much of the listening people do is not very effective. C. Good listeners are less likely to be fooled by meaningless remarks. D. Leaders' speaking skills are always more influential than their listening skills.

D. Leaders' speaking skills are always more influential than their listening skills.

When developing the introduction of a speech, what principle is important? A. Provide your audience with a memory aid. B. Order your points in the way that they will be easiest to understand and remember. C. Use transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews. D. Preview the thesis. E. Limit your division of main points to three to five subpoints.

D. Preview the thesis.

Which statement below characterizes how supportive listening is different from relational listening? A. Relational listening is affected by psychological noise and relational listening is not. B. Relational listening includes encouragement and supportive listening does not. C. Relational listening helps the listener connect to the speaker and supportive listening aims to help the speaker deal with personal dilemmas. D. Relational listening includes emotional connection and supportive listening does not.

D. Relational listening includes emotional connection and supportive listening does not.

Eva imagines herself giving and completing her speech successfully. What unstated assumption can we make about Eva? A. She is engaged in irrational thinking. B. She has fallen into the fallacy of perfection. C. She has fallen into the fallacy of approval. D. She understands visualization can be helpful.

D. She understands visualization can be helpful.

A(n) ____________ is planned in advance but presented in a direct, spontaneous manner. A. manuscript speech B. impromptu speech C. memorized speech D. extemporaneous speech

D. extemporaneous speech

A 45-year-old man tells an unrelated teenage girl she looks pretty. Which rules explain why this might be an awkward situation? :A. syntactic rules B. semantic rules C. phonological rules D. pragmatic rules

D. pragmatic rules

As supporting material in your speech, you play a thirty-second clip from a half-hour interview you recorded with an authoritative source on your topic. This brief and pithy excerpt is called a(n) ____________. A. audio file B. attention getter C. thesis D. sound bite E. outro

D. sound bite

Which of the following speech subjects would be best organized in a cause-and-effect pattern? A. A plan with different consequences for each of several well-known groups B. An address involving one memorable sentence that applies to each point C. A proposal for a specific plan of action to address an issue D. A suspenseful narrative that could draw an audience's interest E. An explanation of the results of a scientific experiment

E. An explanation of the results of a scientific experiment

In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a provocative note by sharing a story about a debate he had with a store manager earlier that week when he had tried to return a defective coffeemaker. After telling the story, Gabriel compared several aspects of this exchange to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's explanation for how his story was related to the union's recent disputes was an instance of using a(n) ____________ to support a point in a speech. A. anecdote B. statistic C. example D. quotation E. analogy

E. analogy

In a recent speech to the members of his labor union, Gabriel started his introduction on a humorous note by telling a brief story about his encounter with a man at a bus stop earlier that week. Gabriel then explained how this meeting was related to the union's recent disputes with the management of several companies. Gabriel's story was an instance of using a(n) ____________ to support a point in a speech. A. analogy B. example C. quotation D. statistic E. anecdote

E. anecdote

Robert is a real estate agent who wants to show his audience how housing prices have changed over the past five years. What visual aid is best suited to display this information? A. Pie chart B. Model C. Diagram D. Bar chart E. Line chart

E. Line chart

Which kind of supporting material almost always requires citing a source? A. Examples B. Anecdotes C. Analogies D. Definitions E. Statistics

E. Statistics

The inverted pyramid, an organizational format that puts the most important ideas in the first few paragraphs, was developed in the field of ____________. A. creative writing B. medicine C. biology D. psychology E. journalism

E. journalism

Heather is considering showing postcards from her recent archeological dig but realizes that it would be better to show them via PowerPoint or Prezi because the postcards violate experts' advice that all visuals should be ____________. A. labeled to indicate the identity of everyone who is pictured B. accompanied by video and audio C. mounted on foam board and framed D. in black and white if they are small, and in color if they are large E. large enough for everyone to see yet easy to remove from view

E. large enough for everyone to see yet easy to remove from view

A brief summary used at the end of a video clip is called a(n) ____________. A. sound bite B. point enhancer C. intro D. visual reinforcement E. outro

E. outro

T or F: American Sign Language is primarily nonverbal.

False

T or F: When the emotions conveyed via verbal and nonverbal messages are at odds, people tend to believe the verbal message.

False

Brenda recently began teaching English in India. She treats all of her students the same, but other teachers consider her behavior rude. What might best explain this? A. Brenda is not concerned with equality. B. India has a low degree of power distance. C. India has an individualistic culture. D. India has a high degree of power distance.

India has a high degree of power distance.

The textbook reminds readers that even the most boring instructors, the most idiotic relatives, and the most demanding bosses occasionally make good points. What fact about effective listening does this underline? A. People don't always say what's on their minds. B. Effective listening comes in many forms, each with particular goals and techniques. C. Most people are guilty of judging a speaker's ideas before they completely understand them. D. It's important to separate the message from the speaker.

It's important to separate the message from the speaker.

When an academic study showed people interrupting female speakers more than male speakers, even though all the speakers were trained to say much the same thing, this indicated that _______________. A. Men and women tend to talk about different things. B. Men and women encounter different conversational climates. C. Men are more likely than women to get right to the point. D. Men and women use equally assertive language.

Men and women encounter different conversational climates.

Andy tells Karen that she looks tired. Karen says, "What do you mean by that!" using an irritated tone. Andy tries to explain by describing what he meant, but Karen only gets more irritated. What common misconception of communication is this an example of? A. Meanings rest in words. B. Communication requires complete understanding. C. Communication is simple. D. More communication is always better.

More communication is always better.

When asked by his girlfriend, Charee, if he remembered they were having dinner with her parents that night, Lyle begins to stutter and avoids making eye contact. Because of this behavior, she assumes that he is lying when he insists he did remember. Which conclusion from the research on deception should you, as a friend, share with Charee? A. Most "commonsense" notions about the behavior of liars are faulty. B. Most liars insist they are telling the truth. C. Most liars also have sweaty palms and fidget. D. Most liars do stutter and avoid eye contact.

Most "commonsense" notions about the behavior of liars are faulty.

When you find a joke funny, but your friend hears the same joke without laughing, you are showing that _______________. A. Not all listeners receive the same message B. Listening is a natural process C. Listening doesn't come easy D. Your friend is not a good listener

Not all listeners receive the same message

As neither characteristically male nor female styles of speech meet all communication needs, what does the text suggest for improving linguistic competence? A. Use a male style of speech. B. Use a female style of speech. C. Choose one style and stick to it. D. Switch and combine styles.

Switch and combine styles.

How do you differentiate sympathy from empathy? A. With sympathy, you actually experience the emotions of others, with empathy you don't. B. Sympathy involves perspective taking and empathy does not. C. Sympathy means you feel compassion for another person's predicament, whereas empathy means you have a personal sense of what that predicament is like. D. Empathy means you feel compassion for a person's predicament.

Sympathy means you feel compassion for another person's predicament, whereas empathy means you have a personal sense of what that predicament is like.

A pleasant term substituted for a more direct but potentially less pleasant one is referred to as _________________. A. an equivocation B. a euphemism C. an inferential statement D. emotive language

a euphemism

Adolescents typically experience what psychologists call a personal fable (the sense that they are different than everybody else) and imaginary audience (a heightened self-consciousness that makes it seem as if people are always observing and judging them), which can lead to some classic communication challenges. Which co-cultural factor does this demonstrate? A. Region B. Socio-economic status C. Age and generation D. Religion

age and generation

In _________________ you pay attention to a signal. What you pay attention to depends on your needs, wants, desires, and interests. A. attending B. remembering C. subscribing D. understanding

attending

Mitch wants people to perceive him as attractive and socially engaged. So, he tends to only post carefully edited photos that make him seem perfect. When his close friends point out that this is not an accurate picture, what are they asking him to consider? A. Social media doesn't impact one's self-esteem. B. Being genuine matters most. C. Self-esteem can enhance emotional resilience. D. Social media can boost self-esteem.

being genuine matters most

Bella talks to Christopher about the problems she's been having with her mother. Christopher suggests she speak with her mother until they reach a solution. Which misconception of communication is Christopher most likely basing his suggestion on? A. Communication will solve all problems. B. Communication maximizes understanding. C. Meanings rest in words. D. Communication is always a good thing.

communication will solve all problems

Nonverbal cues that reinforce a message are known as __________. A. repeating B. regulating C. substituting D. complementing

complementing

The goal of _______________ is to go beyond understanding and analyzing a topic to try to assess its quality. A. critical listening B. relational listening C. task-oriented listening D. analytical listening

critical listening

The language, values, beliefs, traditions, and customs people share and learn are collectively referred to in the chapter as _________________. A. coculture B. salience C. race D. culture

culture

Julian tends to post snide and offensive comments in response to blogs and news articles he reads. This behavior is called ___________. A. mindlessness. B. adaptation. C. disinhibition. D. disrespecting diversity.

disinhibitation

Communicators who want to set themselves apart from others adopt the strategy of ______________. A. responsibility B. convergence C. divergence D. equivocation

divergence

Social scientists call it _______________ when two persons interact . A. small group communication B. a channel C. intrapersonal communication D. dyadic communication

dyadic communication

Self-regulation and internal motivation are two of the five proposed dimensions of _______________. A. empathy B. emotional intelligence C. IQ D. sympathy

emotional intelligence

The ability to re-create another person's perspective, to experience the world from the other's point of view is referred to as ________________. A. self-perception B. sympathy C. empathy D. understanding

empathy

Isaac feels very strongly about whether the government should intervene to help people who are struggling financially. He has these strong feelings because his own family is struggling - his mother just got laid off from her job. Isaac's feelings could be attributed to his ________. A. environment B. transaction C. encoding ability D. process

environment

The degree to which a person identifies with a particular group, usually on the basis of nationality, culture, religion, or some other unifying perspective is called ________________. A. culture B. high-context culture C. race D. ethnicity

ethnicity

Robin and Jacob, who are visiting China together for the first time, are inclined to complain about hotels and restaurants that they feel don't measure up to American standards. What are they engaging in? A. discrimination B. mindfulness C. prejudice D. ethnocentrism

ethnocentrism

A socially constructed set of expectations about what it means to be "masculine" or "feminine" is referred to as ________________. A. sex B. androgyny C. attribution D. gender

gender

A _________________ relies heavily on subtle, often nonverbal cues—such as behavior, history of the relationship, and general social rules—to maintain social harmony. A. high-context culture B. coculture C. culture D. low-context culture

high context culture

If you normally wear casual clothes, but dress more formally to attend a traffic court in the hope of being treated more sympathetically, you are showing that ______________. A. identity management can be goal-oriented B. roles influence the identities people display C. identity management is not necessarily dishonest D. you have both a perceived self and a presenting self

identity management can be goal oriented

The label ______________ is used to describe others with whom we identify and are emotionally connected. A. in-groups B. out-groups C. coculture D. culture

in groups

Kylie, an introvert, blushed when her professor complimented her essay in class, praise that drew even more unwanted attention to herself. Her reaction illustrates which characteristic of nonverbal communication? A. It is relational. B. It is impossible to avoid. C. It cannot be interpreted. D. It is essential for success.

it is impossible to avoid

An example of external noise is ____________. A. fatigue B. hunger C. loud music D. insecurity

loud music

A _________________ uses language primarily to express thoughts, feelings, and ideas as directly as possible. A. culture B. high-context culture C. competent communicator D. low-context culture

low context culture

People with ___________ are less willing to communicate, more likely to be critical of others and expect rejection from them, and more likely to be critical of their own performances and perform poorly when being watched. A. low-self-esteem B. a self-concept C. self-esteem D. high-self-esteem

low-self esteem

Clara is a very punctual person who prefers to complete one task before starting another. Clara has a __________ orientation. A. monochromic B. synchronic C. chronemic D. polychronic

monocromic

A large national retailer uses Twitter to send messages to its customers. In this case, social media is __________________. A. generated by users B. more like small group communication C. more like interpersonal communication D. more like mass communication

more like mass communication

What is one of the primary reasons that it is difficult to detect deception? A. Nonverbal cues are essential for success. B. Nonverbal cues are impossible to avoid. C. Nonverbal cues are related to identity management. D. Nonverbal cues are ambiguous.

nonverbal cues are ambiguous

The "draw back and leap" pattern can be used to describe how people _______________ when adapting to communication in a new culture. A. should try reaching out to others B. tend to feel homesick C. should ideally behave D. often experience both progress and setbacks

often experience both progress and setbacks

Maria's grandmother gets angry when Maria posts information about their family conflicts on social media. This is likely because _______________. A. younger adults are less judgmental B. older adults are more concerned with maintaining privacy online C. older adults are overly critical D. younger adults have a greater need for feedback

older adults are more concerned with maintaining privacy online

Larger, more permanent collections of people engage in ________________ when they collectively work to achieve goals. A. organizational communication B. public communication C. small group communication D. mass communication

organizational communication

Another type of feedback, termed _______________, involves restating in your own words the message you thought the speaker sent, without adding anything new. A. repeating B. paragraphing C. discussing D. paraphrasing

paraphrasing

Which strategy for moving toward a more mindful, competent style of intercultural communication involves noticing what behaviors members of a different culture use and applying these insights to communicate in ways that are most effective? A. Active strategies B. Self-disclosure C. Passive observation D. Persistence

passive observation

It's important not to jump to conclusions, and to verify what others are saying. We can do this by ________________. A. perception-checking B. self-perception C. sympathy D. empathy

perception checking

Your boss did not respond to an email you sent and then resent. When you see her in the hallway, you mention the email, and say, I assumed you were busy or you were waiting to see me in person to talk about my message. This is an example of __________. A. social exchange theory B. affect blend C. selective attention D. perception checking

perception checking

Even though people from France and the United States spell the word "champagne" the same, Jean from France says it differently than Thomas from the United States. Which rules explain why? A. semantic rules B. syntactic rules C. phonological rules D. pragmatic rules

phonological rules

South American, Mediterranean, and Arab cultures are known for which approach to time? A. Proxemic B. Polychronic C. Chronemic D. Monochronic

polychronic

Consider the statement below and choose the answer that best applies: "Um, I hate to ask, but can I borrow your pen perhaps?" A. powerful language B. weak approach C. strong approach D. powerless language

powerless language

When her professor hands back her exam and says, "Meet me in my office after class. We need to talk," Tina's stomach lurches, a reaction influenced by which rule of language? A. Semantic B. Syntactic. C. Phonological. D. Pragmatic

pragmatic

An unfairly biased and intolerant attitude toward others who belong to an out-group is called ________________. A. passive observation B. stereotyping C. ethnocentrism D. prejudice

prejudice

Fatima was uncomfortable when a stranger sat very close to her on the bus, but when an attractive classmate moved closer to her to see what she was writing, she was delighted. This behavior falls under which category of nonverbal communication? A. chronemics B. kinesics C. haptics D. proxemics

proxemics

Mikayla believes that Amber thinks highly of her. Amber is just being polite toward Mikayla, but Mikayla perceives it as admiration. What best describes Mikayla's misperception? A. Communication environments. B. Physiological noise. C. External noise. D. Psychological noise.

psychological noise

We are often wrapped up in personal concerns that seem to be of more immediate importance to us than the messages others send. This indicates the impact of ________________. A. physical noise B. message overload C. rapid thought D. psychological noise

psychological noise

Someone adjusting to life in a new culture who reports being pleasantly surprised after making friends with people they first took to be odd is demonstrating the benefits of which method of reducing culture shock? A. Intrapersonal communication B. Making judgments C. Reaching out to others D. Perception checking

reaching out to others

Emily is speaking with Tristan. As Emily finishes her statement, she uses a falling intonation pattern to signal she is done. Tristan notices and then begins to comment. This is an example of __________. A. repeating B. complementing C. regulating D. substituting

regulating

Fast or slow, small or large, smart or stupid, and short or long are examples of _____________ words. A. slang B. equivocal C. relative D. jargon

relative

Ashley gives a speech to the school board and stumbles on her words. The next time she speaks to the school board, she expects to stumble on her words again, which makes her nervous. Her nervousness causes her to stumble on her words again. This is likely a result of __________________. A. self-serving bias B. self-fulfilling prophecy C. her perceived self D. her presenting self

self fulfilling prophecy

The tendency for us to judge ourselves in the most generous terms possible is called _________________. A. confidence B. self-serving bias C. attribution D. self-fulfilling prophecy

self serving bias

What is a set of relatively stable perceptions that each of us holds about ourselves? A. Self-concept B. Presenting self C. Self-esteem D. Perceived self

self-concept

What rules make it possible for us to agree that "bikes" are for riding and "books" are for reading? A. syntactic rules B. pragmatic rules C. phonological rules D. semantic rules

semantic rules

Amy is a competent communicator. She goes to Jill's house and notices that Jill seems unhappy. She initially wonders if it's something she did, but she quickly considers that something else might have happened, or even that she may not be unhappy at all. Amy was competent in this situation because _________________. A. she was empathetic B. she was cognitively complex C. she was committed D. she was flexible

she was cognitively complex

Lorie has a teacher whose opinion she highly values. This shows the importance of a __________________. A. self-serving bias B. self-fulfilling prophecy C. reflected appraisal D. significant other

significant other

The language used by a group of people whose members belong to a similar coculture or other group is called _________________. A. slang B. relative words C. equivocal words D. jargon

slang

Because women use conversation to pursue _________________ needs, female speech often contains statements that show support for the other person, demonstrate equality, and keep the conversation going. A. social B. understated C. personal D. grandiose

social

Mary tends to think of herself as shy, thoughtful, serious and compassionate. These characteristics are known as _____________. A. social roles B. social traits C. defining interests D. belief systems

social traits

Ethan simply shrugs his shoulders when his mother asks him if he'll be home Saturday night to babysit his sister. This is an example of __________. A. regulating B. substituting C. repeating D. complementing

substituting

"Going you the to tonight game are." Which rules help explain the mistakes in the above sentence? A. phonological rules B. semantic rules C. syntactic rules D. pragmatic rules

syntactic rules

People in Western cultures tend to view _______________ as desirable and use it for social purposes as well as to perform tasks. A. silence B. talk C. meekness D. high-context culture

talk

This type of listening is designed to secure information necessary to get a job done. A. Analytical listening B. Relational listening C. Critical listening D. Task-oriented listening

task oriented listening

The textbook's definition of Web 2.0 refers to ________________. A. the Internet as a channel for interpersonal communication B. the Internet as lacking diversity C. the Internet as a way both to consume and create mediated messages D. the Internet as a one-way channel

the Internet as a way both to consume and create mediated messages

The "platinum rule" has been used to describe which tip for communicating well on social media? A. Treat others with civility. B. Treat others as they would like to be treated. C. Treat others as friends. D. Treat others as you would like to be treated yourself

treat others as they would like to be treated

In the same day you may be a joking friend and a consoling parent. This is because _________________. A. identity management is collaborative B. people differ in their degree of identity management C. identity management can be conscious or unconscious D. we have multiple identities

we have multiple identities