HR Exam 2

NIS is a firm that builds information systems for banks and other financial institutions. In its presentations to prospective clients, the firm claims to have skilled employees. What does NIS mean by this?

Its employees have a high level of proficiency required to perform a particular task.

The structure of Eduardo Hospital is strongly based on function. Which statement best describes staff positions at this hospital?

Positions are highly specialized.

What is true of validity?

Validity ensures the fairness of employment practices during selection procedures.

Cho is interviewing for a paralegal position at one of the biggest law firms in the country. During the interview, she is asked a particular question that she refuses to answer. Frustrated by her behavior, the interviewer repeats the question. She refuses to answer it again and says that it violates her rights under equal employment opportunity law. Which question is she most likely being asked?

What is your ancestry?

Gaby applies for a data systems operator position in one of the federal governmental agencies. As part of the selection process, she takes a civil service exam that measures her existing knowledge and skills. This scenario exemplifies a(n)

achievement test.

Generally, an organization checks references

after it has determined that an applicant is a finalist for a job.

The process of communicating information about a job vacancy on company bulletin boards, in employee publications, on corporate intranets, and anywhere else an organization communicates with employees is referred to as

job posting.

In the context of forecasting the demand for labor, using trend analysis, inventory levels, changes in technology, and actions of competitors are examples of

leading indicators.

What is a limitation of cognitive ability tests?

legal issues related to administering the tests

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which factor would motivate individuals the most?

meaningfulness of a job

If a former employer gives a glowing statement about a candidate and the new employer later learns of misconduct on the part of the employee during his or her previous employment, the new employer may sue the former for

misrepresentation.

Maureen asked her job applicant to take an achievement test because she wanted to be sure he would be able to acquire the skills to do the job. In this case, the achievement test would not be measuring the right things, so it has low

validity.

dentify the similarity between the natural attrition and early retirement strategies for reducing a labor surplus.

Both strategies yield slow results for an organization.

Big City Grocers, an international company, opens a store in a town predominantly populated by a particular racial group. While recruiting employees for the store, it uses a test in the selection process that favors that same racial group. When questioned about the selection procedure, the management reasons that the customers are more comfortable with employees of their own race. In the context of the legal standards of selection, what is an accurate statement?

Big City Grocers' actions during the selection process violate the Civil Rights Act of 1991 because customer preference is not a justifiable reason for discriminatory practices.Correct

Identify the similarity between the outsourcing and overtime strategies for avoiding a labor shortage.

Both strategies are easy to reverse.

Beck is proud of his team of warm, knowledgeable, and ethical recruiters at Loving Insurance. They give realistic job previews, and they keep up to date on the company's policies so they can provide applicants with accurate answers to questions. However, it sometimes takes a while to fill positions. And over the past year, Beck has observed that the number of applicants who accept offers has fallen. He follows up with several who turned down offers and learns that they took jobs elsewhere because they developed an unfavorable opinion of Loving Insurance. Which situation most likely explains this problem?

Candidates are not getting timely feedback about their applications.

Gino is the CEO of a company that has a team-oriented culture in which people perform as teams and complete short-term projects to earn revenue. After studying his company's structure, Gino feels the company's current processes are inefficient. As a result, he decides to downsize the organization and then use the profits to enhance the organization's efficiency. What is a disadvantage of this approach? Multiple

Downsizing will interfere with the effectiveness of the organization's teamwork.

Charlotte heads the production department at Hoey Inc., a firm that stresses the importance of maintaining regular contact with customers. Charlotte is expecting a labor surplus in the future. A supervisor recommends downsizing as an option to deal with this labor surplus; however, Charlotte rejects this option. Which statement will validate that Charlotte made the right decision?

Downsizing would hurt long-term organizational effectiveness.

The human resource department at an accounting firm is preparing a policy for the drug testing of job applicants. Jonah makes a list of statements to include in the policy and shows the list to his supervisor, Porsche. Which statement would Porsche direct Jonah to change?

Drug test reports will not be sent to applicants.

__________ formally lay out the steps employees may take to appeal an employer's decision to terminate them.

Due-process policies

A human resource executive is meeting with the executive team to discuss the need to fill a soon-to-be-vacant position for vice president of the company's medical devices division. Normally, he posts vacancies on the company's website, but he encourages the team to allocate funds to hire an executive search firm (ESF) for filling this position. Which statement best supports this recommendation?

ESFs provide confidentiality for employer and recruit, giving access to better candidates.

Which scenario qualifies as a compressed workweek?

Employees work 10 hours a day so that they work fewer days per week to reach 40 hours.Correct

What is a requirement under the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986?

Employers must verify and maintain records on the legal rights of applicants to work in the United States.

Which statement about trends in job analysis is true?

Errors in job analysis have multiple sources, but most result from outdated job descriptions.

Which job analysis method requires subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of abilities required to perform the job?

Fleishman Job Analysis System

A start-up software company hires Kieran as its first HR manager. When a new position needs to be filled, Kieran sits down with the supervisor to gather facts that will be included in a realistic job preview. Kieran knows that the impact of job previews on turnover is limited, but he believes the effort is important anyway. Which statement best explains Kieran's decision to provide realistic job previews?

Giving realistic information is not expensive or difficult, so it is worth even a small benefit to reduce turnover.

A company specializes in manufacturing internal combustion engines. Recently, this company has decided to create a division for the flexible fuel field. During this time, Beto, the HR manager, has been reviewing and updating job descriptions. With the knowledge that a new division of jobs will be created, what would be the appropriate course of action for Beto to take next?

He should consider preparing new job descriptions since new jobs will be created in the organization.

What would be an outcome to a company if it applies industrial engineering to existing jobs?

Industrial engineering will provide measurable and practical benefits

Which statement regarding internal recruitment sources is true?

Internal recruiting minimizes the possibility of unrealistic employee expectations.

Why is temporary employment popular with employers?

It gives employers flexibility in operations.

Which statement best describes job sharing?

It is a work option in which two part-time employees carry out the tasks associated with a single job.Correct

Which statement best describes outsourcing?

It refers to contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services.

What is a basic difference between job specifications and job descriptions?

Job descriptions look at a job's activities, and job specifications look at the qualities needed to do the job.

Which statement about KSAOs is true?

KSAOs are characteristics of people and are not directly observable.Correct

Danny has been newly appointed as the head of the HR team at Dorige Corp. In an attempt to establish a more efficient and reliable work flow, Danny has taken the responsibility of creating job descriptions and job specifications for the newly hired and current engineers within the organization. While doing so, Danny gathers information about the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) required for an engineer to successfully perform the job. How will determining the KSAOs most benefit the organization?

KSAOs play a significant role in interviews and selection decisions.

A company is automating processes so it can meet its demand with a smaller workforce. The CEO asks Nancy, the vice president of human resources, for advice on how to address the resulting labor surplus. Nancy studies the workforce and observes that many employees are in their 50s and 60s. Furthermore, these employees are the highest-paid workers in every job category. Based on this information, what should Nancy suggest as the most effective way of addressing the company's labor surplus?

Offer early retirement incentives to the employees in their 50s and 60s.Correct

In the past, hospitals deferred to physicians' judgments in how they carried out their work. More recently, hospitals have begun asking surgical teams to use standard presurgical checklists aimed at avoiding miscommunications and oversights. From a job design perspective, why is this aspect of work flow an appropriate one for a hospital to focus on?

Simplifying work is especially beneficial when jobs are challenging and the costs of error are severe.

Which statement about self-managing work teams is true?

Team members usually share work assignments.Correct

A manufacturer of electronic goods is experiencing financial losses. The company is also facing the problem of a labor surplus due to low demand for its products. In this context, what would be the best way for the company to deal with this labor surplus quickly?

The company should consider downsizing because it is the quickest way to deal with a labor surplus that results in financial losses.Correct

What is a disadvantage of using résumés as a source of information about job applicants?

The content of the résumé is controlled by the applicant.Correct

A survey of employee satisfaction among a county's 9-1-1 dispatchers found that employees struggle to keep up with calls, feel little or no control over their situation, and constantly worry about making mistakes. A suggestion is made to simplify the jobs in order to deal with these sources of dissatisfaction. Why would simplifying the jobs be beneficial in this case?

The costs of employee errors are severe.

A strategic approach to selection requires ways to measure the effectiveness of selection tools. What is a basic standard for this?

The method offers practical value.

Which statement about competency models is true?

They help HR professionals ensure that all aspects of talent management are aligned with an organization's strategy.

Which statement about executive search firms is true?

They serve as a buffer, providing confidentiality between an employer and a recruit.

A company is having difficulty filling all its positions for systems analysts. The company's human resource manager suggests introducing a kind of personnel policy known as a due-process policy. How is that most likely to help with recruitment?

This policy implies greater job security and concern for employees.Correct

Selection decisions should be

a combination of ability and motivation of the candidate.

Employees in a company's accounting department work 10 hours a day for 4 days a week, while employees in the other departments work 8 hours a day for 5 days a week. The flexible work schedule option affecting the accounting department is known as

a compressed workweek.

In the Job Characteristics Model, feedback refers to the extent to which

a person receives clear information about performance effectiveness from the work itself.Correct

When medical examinations are used for job candidates, they

are best conducted after a candidate has been given a job offer.

The controversial practice that treats a range of scores as being similar and thus allows employers to give preference to underrepresented groups within these similar scores is known as

banding.

Windy City is a company that makes wind turbines. The business owner, Mindy, is struggling to compete. Finding enough employees who know how to do the work has been difficult, and Mindy believes that her labor costs are too high because she cannot afford to match the prices of her nearest competitors. To help with these problems, Mindy hires a new HR manager, Ella. Ella recommends they start by bringing in an industrial engineer. How is this approach to job design most likely to help Windy City?

by simplifying work and increasing output per worker

Mario has completed the first step in his HR planning, and is ready to begin the second step, which is

goal setting and strategic planning.

To test the validity of a selection test for advanced widget designers, a company administers the test to its current widget designers. The test results are then compared with existing measures of job performance. In this instance, what type of validation is being used by the company?

concurrent validation

For tests that measure abstract qualities such as intelligence or leadership skills, validity would best be established by __________ validation.

construct

Brick-n-Mortar, a construction firm, is in need of a construction superintendent whose primary responsibilities involve organizing, supervising, and inspecting the work of several subcontractors. Brick-n-Mortar administers a construction-error recognition test, where an applicant has to enter a shed that has 25 construction errors and has to record as many of these errors as can be detected. What type of validity is being established in this case?

content validity

Information that measures the degree to which two sets of numbers are related are known as

correlation coefficients.

Which measure of validity is based on showing a substantial correlation between test scores and job performance scores?

criterion-related validity

Tari is a human resource manager at a software company. She receives a call from an HR manager at another software company asking about Misha, a software engineer who used to work at the company and has applied for a job at the caller's company. Tari checks the company's records and sees that a co-worker had accused Misha of racial discrimination, but an investigation did not turn up any evidence to support the charge. Misha left the company two months later, saying she was no longer comfortable there. Tari is concerned about sharing the details of this situation with the caller. If telling the information to the caller leads to the other company not hiring Misha, what potentially unlawful behavior could Misha accuse the company of engaging in?

defamation

A nationwide logistics company has announced the opening of a new unit for the manufacturing division. Breana, the HR manager, has been asked to help determine what employees they will need to hire. She begins by defining how the work will be performed and what tasks will be required in each job. Breana is participating in job

design

Claire wanted to work for an advertising agency, so she sent her résumé to all the agencies in Chicago, unsolicited. Claire is a(n) __________ applicant.

direct

Elliot and Misha are planning an e-commerce company for business and leisure travelers. They want to be sure that all the employees have a wide scope of decision-making authority. Which kind of organizational structure is most appropriate for this kind of work?

divisions focused on customer groups

Job enrichment differs from job rotation in that job enrichment

empowers workers by adding more decision-making authority to their jobs.

Lana is filling out an application form for the position of an elementary school teacher. While she is filling it out, she comes across a section that asks for information about her high school and college courses and grades. Which section of the application form is being referred to here?

educational background

What can be asked in an application form to gather information about suitable candidates for a job?

educational background

A company hires Bradley as a supervisor in the company. It has an implied understanding that both the employer and the employee have the right to end their relationship at any time they desire. In the context of personnel policies, the relationship between the company and Bradley is based on the

employment-at-will policy.

Bao, a production manager, works with a human resource consultant to design a new work flow for the production unit. Together they define the necessary inputs. These include raw materials, information, human resources, and

equipment

The manager of a small grocery store introduces a short conveyor belt that allows customers to place items on it prior to checking out. This saves the cashier from the physical strain of bending forward and reaching into the carts to retrieve the items. This change is an example of the __________ approach to job design.

ergonomic

What happens in the final stage of human resources planning?

evaluating outcomes

Which method of recruiting focuses on candidates who are already employed elsewhere?

executive search firms

An advertising firm requires its employees to be at work between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. This work rule allows employees to work additional hours before or after the time period in order to work the full day. Identify the job design method implemented in this scenario.

flextime

Roger is engaging in HR planning. He is trying to predict what human resources will be needed in the coming year in his organization. Roger is engaged in

forecasting.

Dixon is the HR manager at a publishing company. He wants to know if a certain test of cognitive ability, used in the advertising industry, can be successfully used in his organization. This scenario suggests that he wants to know if this test is a(n) __________ method.

generalizable

Dominic, an HR manager, is expecting a labor surplus for the company in the month of November. This gives Dominic nearly eight months to deal with the problem. In order to reduce the labor surplus, Dominic decides to use a __________ strategy, which causes less suffering for employees.

hiring freeze

A production manager is expecting a labor shortage for a short period of time. He would like to avoid it with a strategy that can be easily eliminated in the future when there is optimal labor available for work. Which option for avoiding a labor shortage would be the right solution for this manager?

hiring temporary employees

What is the most widespread method for eliminating labor shortages?

hiring temporary workers

An interior design firm based in Oregon has a team of designers working closely with manufacturers to create home décor products. In the context of a work flow analysis, the interior designers, manufacturers, and home décor products required to provide interior design services collectively constitute

inputs

At a firm that manufactures toys, several employees are on short-term disability, citing physical strain as the cause. An expert hired by the company investigates the situation and recommends investing in an ergonomics study of the work environment. In this scenario, the expert is recommending a study of the

interface between individuals' physiology and the characteristics of the physical work environment

Korrine is a line manager at Nortex Inc. She is assigned the task of understanding and gathering detailed information about the requirements of carrying out a certain job. Information gathered by Korrine will be used to provide essential knowledge for staffing, training, performance appraisal, and other HR activities. What most likely corresponds to the task undertaken by Korrine?

job analysis

The manager of an electronics store gives her staff the authority to resolve customer complaints. She lets the staff decide whether to issue refunds or replace merchandise in case of consumer grievances. Which job design technique is the manager implementing in her store?

job enrichment

Which job design technique involving the addition of decision-making authorities to a job is credited to Frederick Herzberg?

job enrichment

Kyle had a great résumé and a glowing recommendation from his previous employer. Impressed by his qualifications and expertise, Everest hired him for the position of quality analyst. However, he engaged in blatant sexual harassment directed at Everest after just a couple of weeks on the job. During its investigation of the harassment, Everest learned that Kyle had been fired for sexual harassment at his previous employer. If Kyle's new employer wants to hold his previous employer accountable, it could sue the company for

misrepresentation.

Nathan and Emily are HR managers at a large investment firm. They are expecting a labor surplus over the next two years resulting in the organization having 24 more employees than needed. Typically, two employees leave the organization each month. Which HR strategy should Nathan and Emily consider, taking into account the length of time they have available?

natural attrition

What does a correlation of 0 mean?

no correlation

A __________ interview generally includes open-ended questions about the candidate's strengths, weaknesses, career goals, and work experience, but they do not have great reliability.

nondirective

A small company that manufactures special-order wood furniture has kept its employees busy on a 40-hours-a-week schedule for the past two years. The company just received a large contract from a Chinese company that is opening offices in the area. The Chinese company has given a month's time for completion of its order. To complete the contract in the required one month, the furniture company needs additional skilled labor on short notice. Which strategy might the company use if it wants to avoid this short-term labor shortage while finding a simple and cost-effective solution?

overtime

A car manufacturing company wants to hire a new product manager. Senior management decides to have the department heads for production, sales, and human resources meet and interview the candidates on a variety of topics. This is an example of a(n) __________ interview.

panel

Sully conducts an interview with Mason for a job as regional sales manager. During the course of the interview, she has Mason take a written test that assesses Mason's integrity by asking him about his attitude toward shoplifting and his own experiences with shoplifting, if any. Which test is Sully conducting?

paper-and-pencil honesty test

In the context of evaluating the quality of a recruitment source, yield ratios express the

percentage of applicants who successfully move from one stage of the recruitment and selection process to the next.

Which aspect of recruitment is most likely to affect the nature of the positions that are vacant?

personnel policies

An entrepreneur wants to hire a human resource professional who can help her make decisions about who will or will not be allowed to join her organization. In advertising for this professional, what term should she use to describe the process she wants help with?

personnel selection

Jagger applies for the position of an emergency direct care worker at a hospital. In the last round of the selection process, he takes part in a testing procedure that simulates an emergency situation. He runs a half-mile on the treadmill, followed by a step test, a posture test, a squat test, and a weight-lifting test. His performance is timed and his heart rate is monitored throughout the tests. Which type of test is exemplified in this case?

physical ability

A consulting firm equips all of its employees with laptop computers, which they use at their desks and carry to client meetings. What ergonomic challenge is most likely to result from employees using these devices throughout the day?

physical strain to wrists from improper positioning for typing

Kareem is a human resource specialist at a company with a promote-from-within policy. Based on that policy, what method should he include in his recruiting efforts to fill an open position for an accounting supervisor?

post the job on the company's intranet

A national appliance manufacturer recruited 15 people as brand managers. They all took a test as part of the recruitment process. Three months after the recruitment, their test scores were analyzed along with their performance on the job to compare between the two factors. Which method of research is exemplified in this scenario?

predictive validation

Violet wants to apply for a job vacancy. She calls the recruiter who advertised this vacancy to learn more about the job. The recruiter gives some background information about the positive and negative qualities of the job to Violet. Which term refers to the job information given by the recruiter?

realistic job preview

In the context of managing human resources, the process of __________ creates a buffer between planning and the actual selection of new employees.

recruiting

The __________ of a type of measurement indicates how free that measurement is from random error.

reliability

Herzberg identified five factors he associated with motivating jobs. Which of these was one of the factors?

responsibility

When Maura became pregnant, she was worried she would not be able to find affordable child care for her new baby so she could continue to work full time. Her husband elected to work half-time along with a co-worker who also had a new baby, dividing the responsibilities of the job between them. This is an example of job

sharing.

During interviews for a sales position, the interviewer asks each candidate to imagine a situation where a customer e-mails to report that products were damaged during delivery from the company. The interviewer then asks each candidate what they would do to handle this situation. This is an example of a(n) __________ interview.

situational

Alexander is uniquely suited to his job as a retail manager because he is organized, creative, experienced in managing people, and motivated to succeed. According to the Job Characteristics Model, Alexander demonstrates

skill variety.

Egypt is an HR executive looking for a new job. She comes across an advertisement in a newspaper seeking applications for the position of an HR manager. The advertisement exclusively highlights requirements such as strong communications skills, excellent teamwork abilities, and leadership skills. These requirements constitute the job

specification.

Which arrangement would qualify as job rotation?

support staff being trained in front-office functions through periods of alternating work arrangements

Implementation of an HR strategy that ties planning and recruiting to an organization's strategy and to its efforts to develop employees becomes a complete program of

talent management.

Which law requires employers to make "reasonable accommodation" to individuals with physical limitations?

the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991

Which federal organization has focused on encouraging ergonomic job design?

the Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationCorrect

A software consulting firm uses a standardized job analysis questionnaire containing 194 questions about work behaviors, work conditions, and job characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs. In this scenario, the firm is using

the Position Analysis Questionnaire.

Asabi, a purchasing manager, tells Felipe, the human resource manager, that she has selected a candidate to be her purchasing assistant. She shows him a draft of an email message offering the candidate the job at the agreed-on starting wage. She asks Felipe if there is anything else she should mention in the message. Felipe replies that Asabi should add information about

the job responsibilities, work schedule, and starting date.Correct

The new production manager at a toy manufacturing company, Carl, notices that the production unit has been underperforming. In an attempt to streamline the existing work flow, Carl brings in an HR specialist to help him conduct a work flow analysis. Carl describes to the specialist the outputs required. What will the HR specialist have Carl define next?

the work processes used to make the toys

What is the objective of job enlargement?

to make jobs less repetitive and more interesting

Quincy is the HR manager who is preparing for the launch of a new product line. The company needs to know how many new customer service representatives to add to help customers with questions and concerns about the existing and new products. To guide the company, Quincy needs information about the number of employees currently providing customer service, the number likely to be in those jobs next year, and the number expected to move to other positions in the organization. The information will be easier to organize and interpret if Quincy uses a(n)

transitional matrix.

Along with 50 other candidates, Quinn applied for the position of analyst at a company. Because Quinn's profile stood out from other candidates' profiles, she was called for an interview in which she performed well. In the context of the steps involved in the selection process for recruitment, which step would most likely be taken next by the recruiter?

verifying Quinn's qualifications through background checks

Reliability answers the important question of

whether you are measuring something accurately.

Donatello's Pizza is known for its quick service. To make a pizza, employees must prepare the dough and add the sauce and toppings. Cooking happens next, followed by packaging. In this scenario, the employees of Donatello's Pizza are engaged in

work processes

Which HR activity is similar to analyzing a job that does not yet exist?

work redesign

What is a disadvantage of using the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)?

It results in abstract reports that are of limited use.

Which statement about the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) is true?

It uses a common language that generalizes across jobs to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for various occupations.

Which statement about work flow analysis is true?

Outputs may be tangible or intangible products of the work processes.

A human resource manager at a manufacturing company recommends that the company use the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) for conducting job analysis. Which statement best supports this recommendation?

The PAQ considers the whole work process, from inputs through outputs.

What is a benefit of applying statistical methods to HR forecasting?

Under the right conditions, they provide predictions that are much more precise than a human forecaster's subjective judgment.

During interviews for medical assistants at the mental health center, all the candidates are asked to talk about a time in the past when they had to empathize with an emotionally unstable person and help that person make rational decisions. This was to test whether the candidates would be able to assist frantic patients and help them make informed decisions. This is known as a(n) __________ interview.

behavior description

A CEO determines that the company needs to eliminate a labor surplus to avoid financial difficulties. To deal with this problem, the CEO chooses a strategy that gives fast results. However, the amount of suffering caused to employees is high. The CEO is most likely using the __________ strategy to reduce the labor surplus.

downsizing

An HR manager observes that the number of employees quitting their jobs has been steadily increasing over the last six months. On closer inspection, he finds that a majority of the employees who quit were unhappy with the pay structures. The manager assesses the significance of each job to the organization, giving each job a dollar value. This helps him set up fair pay structures and retain valuable employees. What most likely relates to the task undertaken by this manager?

job evaluation

A publishing company conducted an internal survey on employee satisfaction. The results indicated that a majority of its support staff considered their jobs to be monotonous. In order to change this, management decided to combine the job duties of copyeditors, digital fact checkers, and bloggers into a single job that requires all three kinds of work. Which technique of job design did this move constitute?

job extension

The most important source of recruits for entry-level professional and managerial vacancies is

on-campus interviewing.

Organizations use outsourcing as a way to

operate more efficiently and save money.

Which test is a legal means to test the integrity of job applicants and generally involves asking applicants directly about their attitudes toward theft and their own experiences with theft?

paper-and-pencil honesty test

When Karen interviews job candidates, she works hard to provide background information about the job's positive and negative qualities. She aims to be sure every detail is accurate, so that any employees hired will feel they got what they expected and will want to stay on with the company. Karen's behavior is an example of providing a

realistic job preview.

Waldo, an HR manager at Better Beverages, identifies and attracts potential job seekers to his organization. In the context of HRM functions, Waldo is carrying out the __________ process.

recruiting

A company applies research into physics and biochemistry to create advanced surgical instruments and implants. Its research department attracts some of the most talented professionals in these disciplines, each with a passion for his or her specialty. Next year, the position of vice president of research will be vacant, so the executive team is working with the HR department to define selection criteria for a new vice president. Given the company's structure, which quality will be important for the new vice president to possess?

the ability to align researchers' work with the company's strategy

The employees at a website design company have been struggling to provide quality services to clients. An investigation reveals that employees feel dissatisfied and mentally fatigued due to the challenging nature of their jobs. The HR manager suggests simplifying jobs in order to reduce errors and increase accuracy. Which option would be a way to simplify the mental demands of employees' jobs?

using software that helps with tracking the progress of assignments

A middle manager wants to find out how many candidates moved from the initial interview stage to the training selection stage in the past month. To find out, she needs to compare the

yield ratios.