HS1 OSHA'S Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Protecting Yourself from AIDS & Hepatitis B

When do you need to wash your hands:

Before any patient contact. When handling body fluids, secretions or blood. After patient contact. After sneezing

Always remember to wash your hands:

Before you put on any PPE and after removing any PPE

The best way to prevent infection is :

Handwashing

HBV

Hepatitis B Virus. Is a virus that infects the liver . Is more common and a greater risk on the job. Some people infected with this virus may show no symptoms or problems, while others develop serious or fatal problems such as cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer, or chronic liver disease . There is a series of vaccinations to prevent it. The only people that can't take the vaccine are those that are allergic to yeast.

Pathogen

An organism that causes disease

An approved disinfectant used to clean floors, counter tops or contaminated equipment is :

10% Bleach

Semen

A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system.

HIV and HBV are transmitted through contact with:

Blood, semen, vaginal secretions, Cerebrospinal fluid, Synovial fluid, Pleural fluid, Pericardial fluid, Peritoneal fluid, Amniotic fluid, Saliva if mixed with blood or other body fluids, and unfixed human tissues or organs.

Approved antiseptics to use on the skin include:

CHG (Chlohexdine) Alcohol, and Iodophors (Betadine)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord

Healthcare workers should always:

Clean and decontaminate all equipment and surfaces after contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials

Blood

Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Circulates through the body's arteries and veins

Some of the items that must have a biohazard label include:

Contaminated waste material waste can. A contaminated laundry bin. A Sharps container. Blood, stool (feces) , and body fluid specimens

Biohazard Label

Denotes the presence of potentially hazardous infectious material. This label is required for containers of potentially infectious materials.

Your risk of infection is small but very real. Most people you encounter on the job :

Don't have HIV or HBV. You can not get HIV or HBV through casual contact, coughing, sneezing, by using the toilet.

Laundry workers wear gloves and any other assigned PPE to handle contaminated laundry:

Even then, try to handle contaminated laundry as little as possible and when you wash it minimize agitation

Unfixed human tissue or organ

Examples: extracted (pulled) tooth, amputated body part, or any organ removed from the body

One such risk is :

Exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as HBV & HIV

Pericardial fluid

Fluid that surrounds the outside of the heart, prevents friction when the heart beats.

Vaginal secretions

Fluids inside the female reproductive system that helps prevent infection from microbes

Examples of PPE

Gowns, gloves, masks/face shield, eye goggles/glasses, and respiratory/ventilation devices

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Is the virus that causes AIDS ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus). This virus attacks the body's immune system which leaves the body defenseless to fight against infection. There is no cure and as of yet, there is no vaccine available.

If you get a needle stick or a cut from a contaminated (dirty) needle or a cut from a contaminated Sharps, what should you do?

Immediately wash to area with soap and water thoroughly, cover it with a band aid and notify your supervisor immediately

In order to protect oneself from cuts or sticks from needles, scaplels, or other sharp objects, dispose of them by :

In a Sharps container

Any dirty or used needle, razor blade, scapel, or glass or glass vials.as well as any clean sharp object must be placed

In a biohazard labeled Sharps container.

Laundry or clothing with blood or body fluids on them must be placed :

In a biohazard laundry bag

Saliva ( if mixed with blood or other body fluids)

Liquid in the mouth that lubricates the mouth, teeth, and tongue

Pleural fluid

Liquid that surrounds the lungs

Bloodborne Pathogen

Microorganism capable of causing diseases found in blood or components of blood or other body fluids

Pocket Mask

PPE a device used to safely deliver rescue breaths during a cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest.

Goggles

PPE used to protect eyes from harmful germs

Masks

PPE used to protect mouth and nose from harmful germs

Gowns

PPE used to protect skin and clothes from harmful germs

Gloves

PPE used to protect skin on hands from harmful germs

Face Shield

PPE: A solid, clear plastic barrier that covers the eyes and the nose and mouth to protect against splash and spatter.

It's important to remember when using PPE clothing (gown, gloves, mask) to :

Replace them when they are damp or torn

Ways HIV and HBV can be transmitted include:

Sexual contact, sharing needles, Needle sticks from infected needles or infected sharps(razor blades or scapels), direct contact between broken or chaffed skin and infected body fluids, and HBV can also be transmitted through caked, dried blood and contaminated surfaces.

Healthcare workers should not :

Shear, break or bend, or recap contaminated (dirty) needles or other sharps. If you have to recap a contaminated needle use the Scoop Method. Don't keep food or drinks in work areas with exposure potential. Don't eat, drink. smoke, aplly cosmetics or lip balm, or handle contact lenses in work areas with exposure potential. Don't pipette or suction potentially infectious materials with your mouth.

Your job is helping others but:

Sometimes doing your job may put your own health at risk.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Specialized clothing or equipment, worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA).

Always inspect PPE for any:

Tears, holes, dampness damage, or expiration dates if applicable before putting them on. If you note any of these problems, don't use it, get new one because it won't protect you with any of these problems present.

Amniotic fluid

The liquid that surrounds and protects the developing fetus in the uterus

Synovial fluid

The small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication.

Universal Precautions

Treat all blood and body fluids as if they are infected. Treat everybody as if they are infected.

Never pick up broken glass with your hands:

Use tongs or sweep the broken pieces with a brush and a dust pan and dispose of the broken glass in a Sharps container.

Healthcare workers should always:

Wash hands and exposed skin with soap and water immediately after exposure to infectious materials or after taking off gloves or other Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Use antiseptic cleansers or towelettes if washing facilities aren't available then wash hands as soon as possible. Minimize splashing, spraying, or spattering of droplets of blood or other potentially infectious materials. Place contaminated (dirty) sharps (needles, razor blades, scapels, or broken glass) in assigned labeled , puncture resistant, leak proof containers (Sharps Container).

Peritoneal fluid

Watery fluid that fills the spaces between the organs and allows them to slide past each other during the movements of digestion. This fluid is in the abdominal cavity

Contaminated disposable PPE or old bandages, or dressings must be placed:

in a biohazard waste bag

When removing PPE it's important to remember to remove and dispose of it properly by:

remove soiled PPE and disposing of it in the proper biohazard labeled receptacle and remove it by turning the exposed (dirty) side to the inside and wash your