HTHS 1010 unit 2 Quiz

Electrons

The subatomic particles responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are: Alpha particles of radioactive decay Electrons Ions Neutrons Protons

Hydrogen 1 and hydrogen -2 (deuterium)

The two stable, naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen are: Hydrogen-1 and hydrogen2(deuterium) Hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-3(tritium) Hydrogen-2 and hydrogen-3 (tritium)

+1

The valence of group 1 elements (Li,Na,K) is: +2 +1 0 -1 -2

Proton; Positively

The_______is a ________ charge particle that gives the atom its atomic number: Electron;negatively Electron;positively Neutron;negatively Neutron;positively Proton;negatively Proton;positively

Amino

This chemical grouping (-NH2) is called: Amino Carbonyl Methyl Phenyl

Amino Ion

This ion, -Nh3+ is called the: Amino Ion Carbonyl ion Hydroxyl ion Phosphate ion

Exothermic or exergonic

This reaction is: Endothermic or endergonic Exothermic or exergonic Kinetic Potential

Endothermic or endergonic

This reaction is?: Endothermic or Endergonic Exothermic of or exergonic Kinetic Potential

Gas

This state of matter found in biological systems is highly compressible. The widely spaced atoms or molecules can be forced together which reduces the volume when the pressure increases. Gas Liquid Plasma Solid

39.1 grams

consider this block of the periodic table shown above. One mole of potassium atoms would weigh about: 19 grams 20 grams 39.1 grams 6.02 x 10^23 atomic mass units 6.02 x 10^23 grams

Dehydration synthesis

reaction A is called: Acid-base reaction Burning of hydrogen gas Dehydration synthesis Hydrolysis

Beta Particle

A particle with a charge of -1 and atomic weight near zero (i.e. an electron) is created through decay of a radioactive isotope This particle is called a/an:

Hydrogen

A premature infant cannot make a key protein called a surfactant, a biological soap which is needed to reduce the surface tension of water in the lungs. Without surfactant, ____________ bonds between water. Molecules of the lungs are strong enough to cause the lungs to collapse. Covalent Ionic Hydrogen Triple covalent

Florine

According to this bar graph, which element has the highest electronegativity?: Fluorine Oxygen Francium Iron

The boiling point of water is less than 100 degrees celsius in Ogden

Air pressure at seal level is as out 202 kPa. The air pressure on the Wasatch Front benches (like in Ogden) is about 84 kPa. What effect does this have on the boiling point of water?: The boiling point of water is 0 degrees Celsius in Ogden The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius in Ogden The boiling point of water is greater than 100 degrees Celsius in Ogden The boiling point of water is less than 100 degrees Celsius in Ogden

B and C

Atom A has an atomic mass of 15 and an atomic number of 6 Atom B has an atomic mass of 15 and an atomic number of 7 Atom C has an atomic mass of 14 and an atomic number of 7 Atom D has an atomic mass of 14 and an atomic number of 5 Which of these atoms are isotopes of one another?:

Isotopes

Atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons are called: Anions Cations Isotopes Metalloids Nuclear mixtures

Anion

An ion with more electrons that protons is called a/an: Anion Cation Isotope Neutron Positron

Exothermic or exergonic

Chemical reactions that release energy and where the energy of the products is less than the energy of reactants are called: Endothermic or endergonic Exothermic or exergonic Kinetic Potential

-1

Chlorine atoms have 7 electrons ins their highest energy 3p orbital. IN the next column over, the noble gas argon(18Ar) has 8 electrons in the 3p orbital. For this reason chlorine ions tend to have a valence (charge) of: +2 +1 0 -1 -2

nitrogen

Consider the information given in this block of the periodic table. The element is: Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niphium Nitrogen Sodium

Phosphate

Each of the three groups shown here (-Po3 or -Po4) is called a: Amino Methyl Phosphate Phenyl

Similar chemicals properties

Elements in the column marked 2 (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) share: Similar chemical properties The same number of electrons The same number of neutrons The same number of protons The same stuffed rabbit (fomite)

Noble gases

Elements in the far-right column of the periodic table (column 18: He, Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn)are called: Actinides Lanthanides Metals Noble gases Non-metals

Nonmetals

Elements in the upper right corner of the periodic table(N,O,F,S,Cl,Br):

Metals

Elements on the left side of the periodic table (Na,Mg,K,Ca,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Cu,Zn, Mo) are called:

Gastric juice

Gastric juice has a pH of about 2, vaginal fluid has a pH of about 4, saliva has a pH of about 6.6. Blood has a pH of 7.4 and bile has a pH of about 8.1. Which is the most acidic of these fluids?

2

How many electrons are needed to fill the 2p orbital of this atom?: -2 -1 0 1 2

-1

If a neutral atom were to gain an electron, the net charge of that atom would be:

6

If someone ga e you al 6% NaCl solution. How many grams of NaCl are in 100 g (about 96mL) of this solution?: 0.6 6 60 600

Proton

The positively-charged particle in the nucleus of an atom that is relatively heavy and defines an atoms identity is the:

They fly around and bounce off of each other

Molecules of helium exist as a gas except at very low temperatures (below 269 degrees C or 4K). What is the relationship of helium molecules to one another in a gas?: They are motionless They fly around and bounce of off each other They slide pass one another and change shape as needed to fill the container They vibrate, but are in a rigid relationship with each other and cannot move

Red light

Of the following, the electromagnetic energy with the longest wavelength is: Gamma rays Red light Ultraviolet X-rays

Gamma Rays

Of the following, the electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength is:

X-rays

Of the following, the electromagnetic wave with the highest energy is: Blue light Red light Ultraviolet X-rays

Hydrogen-3 (tritium)

Of the three isotopes of hydrogen, the one that is radioactive is:

Hydrogen-3 (tritium)

Of the three isotopes of hydrogen, the one that is radioactive is?: Hydrogen-1 Hydrogen-2(deuterium) Hydrogen-3(tritium)

The mass of hydrogen is less than that of any other atom

Of the total atoms making up the human body 63% are hydrogen. Why then does hydrogen only comprise 10% of the mass of the human body?:

Molecular weight (sum of atomic masses)

One mole of a substance is equal to the same number of grams as the: Molecular number (sum of atomic numbers) Molecular weight (sum of atomic masses) Number of neutrons Number of protons

Disrupt

Soap is a surfactant. Surfactants ______________ hydrogen bonds. Have no effect on Disrupt Strengthen

Weak acid

Sodium dehydrogenase phosphate (NaH2P04) donates hydrogen ions when it dissolves in water. However, very few hydrogen ions are donated in water (aqueous) solution. This means hat it is a: Strong acid Strong base Weak acid Weak base

Electrons

The subatomic particles responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are:

Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) almost completely dissociates in water, giving a solution with a pH of 0. Citric acid only partially dissociates in water, so fewer hydrogen atoms are released and the pH is 3.5. Which solution is more acidic?: Citric acid Sulfuric acid They are equally acidic

Electron; negatively

The ______ is a _______ charged particle that surrounds the nucleus in a cloud or shell configuration. Electron;negatively Electron;positively Neutron;negatively Neutron;positively Proton;negatively Proton;positively

Charge

The difference between protons and neutrons is their:

Sometimes acidic, sometimes neutral sometimes basic

The of human urine varies from 4.5 to 8.0. Therefore, urine is?: Always acidic Always basic Always neutral Sometimes acidic, something's neutral, and sometimes basic

Negative charge

The part of the molecule labeled 𝛿- carries a partial: Negative charge Nuclear fission Positive charge Triple covalent bond

Hydroxide

The poly atomic ion OH+ is the _________ ion. Hydrogen Hydroxide Nitrate Phosphate

Polar covalent

Water's special properties are largely due to the presence of ____________ bonds within the H2O molecule (that is, between the H atoms and O atoms).

23Na

What is the most abundant stable isotope of sodium?: 11Na 22Na 22.989Na 23Na 34Na

K

What is the periodic symbol for Potassium I K Na P

P

What is the periodic table symbol for phosphorus?:

Diffusion represents and increase in entropy

What is the relationship between diffusion and entropy?: Diffusion produces no change in entropy Diffusion represents and increase in entropy Diffusion represents a decrease in entropy

Oxygen

When a salt such as NaCl dissolves in water, it forms Na+ and Cl+. The Na+ ions are surrounded by a hydration shell of H2O molecules.with their negatively-charged ____________ atoms pointing toward Na+.

Hydrogen, ionic, single covenant, double covalent, triple covalent

Which of the following correctly lists the bond strength from weakest to strongest?: Hydrogen, ionic, single covalent, double covalent, triple covalent Ionic, hydrogen, single covalent, double covalent, triple covalent Single covalent, double covalent, triple covalent, hydrogen, ionic Triple covalent, double covalent, single covalent, hydrogen, ionic Triple covalent, double covalent, single covalent, ionic, hydrogen

Ne

Which of the following is a noble gas?: O F Ne Na

Neutrons and Protons

Which of the following particles has a mass close to 1 atomic mass unit (amu):

Electrons

Which of the following subatomic particles carry a negative charge:

Electrons only

Which of the following subatomic particles carry a negative charge?: Both electrons and neutrons Both protons and electrons Electrons only Neutrons only Protons only

PH=4

Which pH is most acidic?: PH = 5 PH = 7 PH = 9 PH = 4 PH =10

A

Which reaction forms a polymer from two monomers?