HTML & XHTML - Tutorial 1 - Key Terms

Graphical browsers

A Web browser that can display graphics, sound, video, and animated images.

Text-based browsers

A Web browser that is incapable of displaying graphics.

Web site

A collection of linked hypertext documents.

Client-server network

A common network structure where the network is made up of several clients requesting services from one or more servers.

Client

A computer or other device that requests services on the network.

Server

A computer that makes resources available to the network.

Web server

A computer that stores a Web page and which makes it available to other computers on a network or the Internet.

Tag

A core building-block of HTML.

Element

A distinct object in an HTML document, such as a paragraph or a heading.

Pixel

A dot on a computer screen that measures 1/72 of an inch.

Inline image

A graphic image (located in a separate file) that appears within the content of a block-level element.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

A group of Web developers, programmers and authors who set standard for browsers to follow.

Markup language

A language that describes a document's structure and content.

Metalanguage

A language used to create other languages.

SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language)

A language used to create other languages; a metalanguage.

Ordered list

A list of items that must appear in a sequential order.

Unordered list

A list of items that need not appear in any order.

Definition list

A list style used to format a list of terms, followed by definitions.

XML (Extensible Markup Language)

A metalanguage that is simpler than SGML, and which lacks the overhead.

Hypertext

A method of organizing information that gives the reader control over the order in which the information is read.

Local area network (LAN)

A network made up of computers that are located physically close to one another.

Wide area network (WAN)

A network made up of computers that are separated by physical distance

Internet

A network of networks; the largest Wide Area Network.

Node

A point at which a user accesses a computer network; also called a host.

Host

A point at which a user accesses a computer network; also called a node.

HTML converter

A program that converts formatted text into HTML code.

HTML editor

A program that helps you write HTML by inserting HTML codes for you as you work.

Specifications

A set of rules that developers should follow to ensure a uniform approach to Web page creation.

XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language)

A stricter version of HTML that was created in XML.

Network

A structure linking computers together for the purposes of sharing resources such as files and printers

World Wide Web

A system of interconnected hypertext documents accessible over the Internet.

Inline element

A tag that contains content that is part of the same block as its surrounding content.

One-sided tag

A tag that contains no content.

Two-sided tag

A tag that contains some document content, enclosed between opening and closing tags.

Body element

An element that contains all the content that is displayed on the Web page.

Block-level element

An element that contains content that is displayed in a separate section on the Web page, set off from other blocks.

Head element

An element that contains information about the document.

Title element

An element that contains the title of the Web page.

Physical element

An element that describes the appearance of the enclosed content.

Logical element

An element that describes the nature of the enclosed content.

Presentational attributes

Attributes that specify how a browser should render an element.

Web browser

Client software that retrieves a Web page and displays it.

Styles

Format descriptions that tell browsers how to render an element in a document.

Hyperlinks

Elements in a hypertext document that allow you to jump from one location in the document to another.

Character formatting elements

Elements that allow you to format text characters.

Empty elements

Elements that employ one-sided tags

Web pages

Hypertext documents within a Web site

Extensions

Modifications to a languages designed to enhance the language's capabilities.

Deprecated

Older features of HTML that are being phased out by the W3C.

Attributes

Parts of tags that control the behavior and appearance of elements on a page

Web

Short for the World Wide Web.

Inline styles

Styles specified as attributes in a tag.

White space

The blank spaces, line breaks and tabs within a file.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language

The markup language used to create and format Web pages.

ARPANET

The original name of the Internet

Closing tag

The tag that follows the content of a two-sided tag.

Opening tag

The tag that precedes the content of a two-sided tag.

Nesting

The technique of placing one element inside another element.