Human Anatomy Study Guide
What are the 2 main types of glands ?
Endocrine glands & exocrine glands
What is a microvillus ( plural = microvilli ) ?
A hair - like extension on the exposed surface of a cell
What is keratin ?
A tough , waterproof protein
• Portion of cell • Whole cells filled with pinches off during secretory product released secretion • Sebaceous glands • Mammary glands • Ceruminous glands
Apocrine
Which type of gland pinches off a portion of the cell during secretion ?
Apocrine gland
What is the function of microvilli ?
Increase surface area of the cell for absorption of nutrients
Where can simple squamous be found?
Lines the alveoli ( air sacs ) in the lungs , lines blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
Where are epithelial tissues found ?
Lining body cavities and the inside of hollow organs , ducts and vessels , cover surface of organs
Serous fluid is secreted by the serous membranes that line organs and body cavities ( pleura , peritoneum , and pericardium ) . What is its function ?
Lubricates and moisturizes
What are some examples of gland pinchingoff a portion of the cell during secretion?
Mammary g . ( milk ) , ceruminous g . ( ear wax in external ear canal
How are epithelial tissues classified ?
According to the number of cell layers and cell shape
In what type of tissue are gap junctions found ?
Cardiac muscle
What do these cells have on their exposed surface
Cilia
Which type of cellular junction forms " spot welds " between cells and helps to form a strong , reinforced structural unit ?
Desmosome
What is an important function of simple squamous epithelium ?
Diffusion of gases and other materials ( substances can quickly pass through )
Which type of cellular junction is a tubular junction that allows the passage of ions and nutrients?
Gap junction
What are endocrine glands ?
Glands that secrete their product directly into the blood . They are ductless .
What are exocrine glands ?
Glands that secrete their products into ducts that open onto a surface
Which type of epithelium is composed of cells that are specialized to produce and release , ( secrete ) , substances ?
Glandular epithelium
What is an example of a unicellular exocrine gland ?
Goblet cell
What are some characteristics that all epithelial tissue have in common ?
Have an apical surface and basal surface , a basement membrane tightly packed , avascular divide often
• Portion of cell • Whole cells filled with pinches off during secretory product released secretion • Sebaceous glands
Holocrine
Which type of exocrine gland releases whole cells filled with the secretory product ? with
Holocrine gland
• Fluid product released by exocvtosis •Salivary glanas • Pancreas gland • Sweat glands
Merocrine
Which type of exocrine gland releases a fluid product by exocytosis ?
Merocrine gland
What do the cells lining the small intestine have on their exposed surface ?
Microvilli
What do goblet cells secrete ?
Mucus
What type of secretion is thick and viscous , pronounced viskus ' ) ?
Mucus
What is stratified squamous function ?
Protection
What is the function of mucus ?
Protection
What is the function of stratified cuboidal ?
Protection ( layering provides more protection ) and secretion
What are the 4 main functions of epithelial tissue ?
Protection , absorption , secretion and excretion
What type of epithelium lines the airways trachea , bronchi & bronchioli ) ?
Pseudostratified columnar
What are some examples of multicellular exocrine glands ?
Salivary g . , mammary g . , sweat g . , sebaceous g .
What are some examples fluid released by exocrin gland
Salivary g . , sweat g . pancreas
What is an example of exocrine glands releasing whole cells filled with secretory products ?
Sebaceous gland ( in skin - associated with hair follicle )
What is simple cuboidal function in the kidneys ?
Secretion and reabsorption
What is secretion of glandular products function in the ducts of glands ?
Secretion of glandular product
What type of secretion is thin and watery ?
Serous secretion
Small intestine
Simple columnar
Which epithelium lines the uterus , stomach and intestines
Simple columnar
Kidney
Simple cuboidal
Which type of epithelium lines the kidney tubules and the ducts of some glands ?
Simple cuboidal
Which type of epithelium is a single layer of flat cells ?
Simple squamous
Which type of epithelium lines the male urethra and part of the pharynx ? What is its function ?
Stratified columnar ;Protection and secretion
Which type of epithlium lines the larger ducts of salivary glands , sweat glands , mammary glands and also lines ovarian follicles and the seminiferous tubules in the testes ?
Stratified cuboidal
What type of epithelium forms the outermost layer of skin and lines the oral cavity , esophagus , vagina and anal canal ?
Stratified squamous
In which type of epithelium is keratin found?
Stratified squamous epithelium that forms the epidermis
Where in stratified squamous epithelium is keratin found ?
The outermost layers of flattened , dead cells
Which type of cellular junction looks like stitching , closes the space between adjacent cells , prevents leakage between cells , and is found in epithelium that form lining ?
Tight junction
What is villus function
To greatly increase the surface area of the small intestine for absorption of nutrients
What is cilia function ?
To move the mucus that coats the surface away from the lungs and to the mouth .
What is keratins function
To provide a tough , waterproof barrier that protects underlying tissue
Which type of epithelium has many layers of cube - shaped and elongated cells , and can change in response to increased tension ? Where is it located ?
Transitional epithelium Inner lining of the urinary bladder , ureters and proximal urethra
What are goblet cells ?
Unicellular ( one cell ) exocrine glands
What are the two types of exocrine glands ?
Unicellular ( one cell ) glands and Multicellular glands
Trachea
pseudostratified columnar
Lung
simple squamous
Skin
stratified squamous
What is a villus ( plural = villi ) ?
tiny , finger - like projection of the inner lining of the small intestine
Bladder
transitional epithelium
