Human Being in Society

EMPIRICAL

It is the knowledge based on experience. It has a higher degree of generality than intuitive knowledge but doe not follow any study method, or refers to causes of things. Usually it is based on beliefs and opinions of the social group in which one lives.

PHILOSOPHICAL

It is the one generated from a reflection and it offers explanations using reason and rational arguments. It is a general knowledge that creates categories and concepts and does not simply accept knowledge but questions it constantly.

ANTHROPOLOGY

It is the science that studies human behavior in the social character; it studies individual cultures in a society.

THE ENLIGHTENMENT

It was a philosophical movement of the XVIII century, in which intellectuals used ideas of the Scientific Revolution to examine some aspects of life.

INTUITIVE

It is the kind of knowledge you acquire through senses, by direct experience with objects and living beings. This type of knowledge is not subject to doubt.

MAGIC/RELIGIOUS

It is the knowledge based on beliefs or faith that comes from books, prophets, divinities or sacred objects. This knowledge is accepted as it is without questions.

Herodoto

From Greek origins, he is considered as the father of history, however, he only narrated the actions, events, details and situations of lands as Egypt and Persia.

EMPIRICISM

It is a philosophical movement that affirms that the sensitive experience and perception are channels for building knowledge, especially through observation

SCIENTIFIC REV

Between the XVI and XVII century an intellectual movement raised that sought to regulate society on scientific principles and left behind the magical-religious beliefs, in this topic, you will see historical impacts of revolution in social science.

THE RATIONALISM

Also rising in the XVII century, and tell us that the only source of knowledge is human reason.

HYPOTHETICAL DEDUCTIVE METHOD

Establishes that hypothesis are invented creatively and have their origin from a problem that is exposed by a question.

Sociology History Economy Political sciences Anthropology

For their study, social sciences are divided into various branches:

INDUCTIVE METHOD

Hypotheses are obtained by observing the facts, meaning that laws are generalized from observable statements.

INDUSTRIAL REV

Initiated in England in the XVIII century and spread during the XIX century. At the same time Great Britain had become the most industrialized and wealthier country.

HISTORICAL MATERIALISM

Investigates human society as a result of productive activity.

SCIENTIFIC

Knowledge that is constantly seeking for laws and principles explaining phenomena through authentication or experiment. Knowledge is obtained by applying an organized method: the scientific method.

DEDUCTIVE METHOD

by means of which particular conclusions are drawn based on something general, for example birds have feathers, and therefore, penguins are birds.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

a social and political movement that emerged in 1789. It created a new political era in Europe.

CAPITALISM

an economic system based on industrial production.

SOCIALISM

an economic system in which society, usually the government, owns and controls most of the means of production.

EMPIRICAL SCIENCES

are mathematics and logic.are the ones that study social and natural facts.

FORMAL SCIENCES

are the sciences that study conceptual entities and its relationships.

POSITIVISM

emerged from the radical empiricism of Hume who argued that a claim makes sense only if it is true by definition or verifiable by experience, that is to say, that is the application of scientific method to analyze the society.

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

includes defining the problem, formulating a hypothesis, collecting and analyzing information, verification or rejection of the hypothesis and making conclusions

KNOWLEDGE

information that is stored through intuition, experience or reflection;

OBJECT OF STUDY OF SOCIOLOGY

is society. It analyzes what happens in groups, associations or institutions in a particular time and place.

OBJECT OF STUDY ANTHROPOLOGY

is the human being in society as a creator of culture.

social science

is the human race. scientists build explanations of reality. Usually, in social sciences, experiments cannot be made or conditions cannot be controlled, therefore, the hypothesis can't always be proven to the entire satisfaction of the investigators.

OBJECT OF STUDY ECONOMICS

is the optimal utilization of natural and human resources to achieve a society that meets mankind needs, such as food, clothing, shelter, health, education, recreation, facilities, among others.

OBJECT OF STUDY POLITICS

is the power relation that is exercised in a society to maintain or change the direction of the State.

SCIENCE

it comes from the Latin scientia that means to know, and it can be defined as "the set of systematized knowledge that is made on any field of nature, society and human thought

METHOD

refers to steps carried out for the study.

OBJECT OF STUDY

refers to the field of reality that is being investigated

comparative

seeks to discover processes that lead to development of certain customs.

RATIONAL CRITICAL METHOD

seeks to find answers beyond the given and assumes a critical stance to issues related to values and moral positions

QUALITATIVE

seeks to make sense to reality through well-founded interpretations.

social& cultural research

the human being is seen within a community or social system. The anthropologist is part of the life of the community and conducts routine observations every day.

SOCIOLOGY

the systematic and scientific study of the human being in society. is the social studies of reality in all its shapes and forms: phenomena, relationships, structures, systems, attitudes and social behaviors

POLITICS

understood as the power conceded to an individual or group to exercise strong population control over a territory, ultimately by force

historical logical method

was developed in the XX century, its premise was to use archaeological data to construct timelines of important events and cultural changes in the past.

QUANTITIVE METHOD

which is intended to measure the social data

COMPARATIVE METHOD

which studies two or more objects with the same or different characteristics