Human Body and Digestion Quiz

Food moves through the esophagus by means of: A-peristalsis B-segmentation C-contraction of the diaphragm D-swallowing

A-peristalsis Even if you were doing a handstand, your food would move to the stomach through the strong muscle contractions of peristalisis. This looks similar to how a snake moves food through its body.

The villi and microvilli A-Contain a lymph vessel B-Increase the surface area of the small intestine C-Contain an artery D-Do not aid absorption

B-Increase the surface area of the small intestine The surface area of the small intestine consists of villi and microvilli is greater than 200 square meters, which is about the size of a tennis court. This folding of the villi, and the microvilli, also called the brush border, allows for maximum nutrient absorption in a compact space.

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow? A-Esophagus B-Tonsils C-Epiglottis D-Tongue

C-Epiglottis The epiglottis is a small flap that closes to prevent choking by keeping food from going into the trachea from the esophagus

One of the functions of the stomach is A-the mixing of food to form a mass called a bolus. B-a permanent storage space for food. C-absorption of alcohol. D-maximum absorption of the food we eat

C-absorption of alcohol

Denaturation of a protein results in: A-the removal of amino acids. B-tighter folding of the protein. C-alterations in the protein's function. D-binding of amino acids.

C-alterations in the protein's function A protein's structure is absolutely critical to its function. Without it, it does not work anymore.

____ neutralizes the acidic chyme as it enters the small intestine. A-Pepsin B-Bile C-Bicarbonate D-Gastrin

C-bicarbonate HCL acid present in the stomach chemically changes the bolus of food into chyme along with the mechnical movement of the stomach. Bicarbonate in the small intestines neutralizes the acid to aid with absorption of the food.

The slow movement of food stuff through the _____ favors the growth of microflora. A-small intestine B-pancreas. C-large intestine D-stomach

C-large intestine

Which of the following is NOT an end result of chemical digestion? A-Amino acids B-Fatty acids C-Protein D-Glucose

C-protein Protein is broken down into amino acids. Lipids are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, fructose or lactose

Which of the following does NOT occur in the colon? A-absorption of electrolytes B-production of some vitamins C-absorption of water D-absorption of the majority of nutrients

D-absorption of the majority of nutrients

Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body? A-Amino acids B-Fatty acids C-Sugars D-Fiber

D-fiber You digest and absorb nearly 100% of macronutrients with the exception of fiber. Fiber can slow digestion, helping you feel full longer. Fiber is also used in the large intestines to "feed" the beneficial bacteria

Jasmine has gallstones and experiences severe pain when she eats. What substance should she avoid to try to reduce the pain she is experiencing? A-Caffeinated coffee B-fresh fruits and vegetables. C-peppermint and spearmint D-french fries

D-french fries Fatty foods like French fries requires bile, which is stored in the gallbladder, for digestion. Intake of fatty foods may need to be limited to avoid symptoms if gallstones are present.

The first location of chemical and mechanical digestion is the stomach. True or False

False The mouth is the first location of chemical digestion with salivary amylase which breaks down carbohydrates and mechanical digestion with chewing.

There are two main types of fiber: soluble fiber, which dissolves in water, and insoluble fiber, which does not dissolve in water. Select the foods with soluble fiber. (All other foods are good sources of insoluble fiber.) Oatmeal Tomatoes Apple Whole grains Beans Carrots

Oatmeal Apple Beans All of the correct answers are soluble fibers. Examples of insoluble fiber are whole grains, carrots, cucumbers and tomatoes. Both types are important in maintaining optimal health

Which two organs of the digestive tract produce the majority of the digestive enzymes that do the majority of the work of digestion and absorption? [mark all correct answers] Correct Answer small intestine liver large intestine gallbladder pancreas

pancreas small intestine The pancreas produces the majority of the digestive enzymes used by the digestive tract.