human body systems functions and key structures

respiratory system

functions: assists with gas exchange with the external environment ; keep blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. key structures: lungs, nasal cavity, trachea, bronchus

digestive system

functions: breaks down food into nutrient molecules; absorbs nutrients; rids the body of waste key structures: oral cavity, esophagus, stomache, small and large intestine, liver

urinary system

functions: eliminates waste from body; regulates water balance of the blood. key structures: kidney, bladder, ureter urethra.

lymphatic and immune system

functions: filters fluids in the body; mounts the attack against foreign substances in the body. key structures: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow.

integumentary system

functions: forms the body's external covering; protects deeper tissue from injury; helps regulate body temperature. key structures: skin, hair, nails

muscular system

functions: moves the body and moves substances around the body; maintains posture; produces heat. key structures: skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, smooth muscles.

skeletal system

functions: protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles can use to cause movement; stores minerals. key structures: bones, joints

cardiovascular system

functions: pump blood around body; transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste. key structures: heart, blood vessels (veins, arteries, and capillaries)

nervous system

functions: responds to internal and external changes by activating an appropriate response; processes information. key structures: brain, spinal cord, sensory receptors, nerves

endocrine system

functions: secretes hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism by body cells. key structures: adrenal gland, pituitary gland, ovary, testis.