Human Development Final Exam

Uncle Roger tells you that he is a member of the "oldest-old" club, when asked about age. Without knowing his exact age, you would know that Uncle Roger is at least ________ years old.

85

Recent studies confirmed that ________ individuals showed strong ambivalence toward a romantic partner.

Attachment-anxious

According to recent studies, which of the following adults had higher level of sexual satisfaction?

Attachment-secure adults

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following is the sixth developmental stage?

Intimacy versus isolation

Which of the following is true of activity theory?

It suggests that many individuals will achieve greater life satisfaction if they continue their middle-adulthood roles into late adulthood and if these roles are stripped from them, it is important for them to find substitute roles that keep them dynamic and involved.

Identify the two personality traits in the Big Five factors of personality that are associated with severe depression in older adults.

Low conscientiousness and high neuroticism

________ is triggered by degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.

Parkinson disease

Which of the following statements about late midlife is NOT true?

People in late midlife are less likely to experience their last child leaving home than people in early midlife.

Priscilla is in the 8th grade. Her group of friends has recently started shoplifting at departmental stores. According to research into peer relations, what is Priscilla most likely to do in this scenario?

Priscilla will join her friends in the antisocial behavior.

Which of the following is most likely to cause difficulty for a middle-aged adult without glasses?

Reading a newspaper

________ refer to services that provide temporary relief for those who are caring for individuals with disabilities, illnesses, or the elderly.

Respite care

A recent study of unmarried relationship dissolution in 18- to 35-year-olds revealed that experiencing a breakup was linked to:

an increase in psychological stress.

Leo's grandfather was told by doctors that he had a terminal illness a couple of months back and now he has reached critical health to the point he needs house nurses to take care of him but he keeps getting in arguments with them and is always questioning himself "why me?". What stage of KublerRoss stages of dying is Leo's grandfather in?

anger

Which individuals demand closeness, are less trusting, and are more emotional, jealous, or possessive?

anxious attachment style

Factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT:

being wealthy.

The Family Matters program was designed to help families of adolescents to reduce the amount of:

cigarette and alcohol use.

According to Robert J. Sternberg's triarchic theory of love, ________ is the cognitive appraisal of the relationship and the intent to maintain the relationship even in the face of problems.

commitment

Alzheimer disease is a form of:

dementia.

Identity ________ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis, and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined.

moratorium

An individual's body image encompasses his or her ________.

physical identity

The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority adolescents consists of:

prejudice and poverty.

All of the following are part of the life review process EXCEPT:

projecting future life experiences.

When students make the transition to middle or junior high school, they experience the _____ phenomenon, moving from being the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in the elementary school to being the youngest, smallest, and least powerful students in the middle or junior high school.

top-dog

According to a developmental study, religiousness in adolescents or young adults declined from ________ onward.

14 years of age

It is estimated that ________ of men 85 years and older are at risk for developing dementia.

17 percent

At ________ years of age, romantic relations are characterized by strong emotional bonds more closely resembling those in adult romantic relationships.

17 to 19

Identify the group that is least likely to exhibit suicidal behavior.

African American male adolescents

Which of the following is the reason for the decrease in height with age advancement?

Bone loss in the vertebrae

________ illness is long-term, often lifelong, and requires long-term, if not life-term, management.

Chronic

How does Cohabitation affects a couple living together before marriage?

Cohabitation can affect a couple before marriage , they face certain problem while living together before marriage, therefore leads to an unhealthy marriage.

________ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.

Dementia

Which of the following statements about dating in gay male and lesbian youth is TRUE?

Disclosure of their sexual orientation to parents is the most stressful problem for gay and lesbian youth.

According to Nevid 2012, what are some risky behaviors teenagers perform from the result of having sex at an early age? Why?

Distractions from using drugs which causes them to have school problems and delinquency, because of the overwhelming emotions that they come into contact with.

Which of the following statements is true about the good-enoughs?

Good-enough women usually married men who educationally and economically were similar to their first husbands.

Why is LDL referred to as "bad" cholesterol?

High levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis.

Which of the following is a major challenge for sexually interested older women (70 years or older)?

Not having a partner

The largest increases in media use in early adolescence are for:

TV and video games.

Which of the following statements is true about seekers?

The category of seekers usually shrinks and is dominated by men after many people became more secure or satisfied in their single life.

Which of the following is a difference between the enhancers and the competent loners?

Unlike enhancers, the competent loners have little interest in sharing their lives with anyone else.

________ is expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits practical judgment about important matters.

Wisdom

As opposed to the trend in young children, teenagers typically prefer to have:

a smaller number of friendships that are more intense and intimate.

Erik Erikson believed that people who experience isolation and stagnation in earlier adulthood are more likely to experience ________ in later adulthood.

despair

Gina is doing what she can to help her older aunt take care of herself and stay in her own home. Gina often takes meals to her aunt and helps her clean, go shopping, and make visits to the doctor. Gina is providing ________ for her aunt.

eldercare

The concept of "use it or lose it" is a significant component of the ________ model of cognitive optimization that addresses strategies to buffer age-related declines in intellectual development.

engagement

Remembering where a person went on vacation last summer is an example of ________ memory.

episodic

The retention of information about the when and where of life's happenings is called ________ memory.

episodic

Lesbian couples especially place a high priority on:

equality in their relationships.

Identity development:

gets done in bits and pieces.

Manfred is worried about his 16-year-old son hanging around much older people in the neighborhood. Research suggests that Manfred:

has reason to worry, since his son is more likely to engage in delinquent behavior.

What are the two components of adolescent egocentrism?

imaginary audience and personal fable

According to Erikson, the ________ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent.

integrity vs. despair

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, individuals are motivated by two types of goals—emotional and ________.

knowledge-related

Selena walks with a marked stoop now that she is old. This is most likely due to ________.

osteoporosis

As he looks back at life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of ________.

stagnation

Which of the following is not the leading cause of death in adolescence?

substance abuse

After Mildred's divorce, she went back to college, renewed old acquaintanceships, and took up ballroom dancing. After completing college, she got the job she'd always wanted and entered into a long-term relationship. Mildred chose the pathway of:

the enhancer.