Human nutrition 1 powerpoint:)
add 2 tablespoons of granola to a serving of cereal
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add 2 teaspons of powdered creamer to coffee
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drink 1/4 cup of orange juice
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grab 3 glazed donut holes from the break room
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macronutrient
..., A chemical substance that an organism must obtain in relatively large amounts.
malnutrition
..., a state of poor nutrition
micronutrient
..., a substance needed only in small amounts for normal body function (e.g., vitamins or minerals)
kilocalorie
..., a unit of energy equal to 1000 calories
1015 calories
10 tiny bites per day
2.2 pounds
1kg
1 inch
2.5 cm
1 ounce
28g
carbohydrate
4 kcalpergram
protein
4 kcalpergram
1 pound
454g
alchohol
7 kcal pergram
fat
9 kcal pergram
deficiency diseases
Disease caused by the lack of one or more specific nutrients.can be cured
refinement
a wheat kernel is stripped of the nutrient-rich germ and phytochemical-rich bran
DSHEA, Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994
allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and certain herbal products as foods (vitamin, mineral, an herb
physiological dose
amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally
undernution contributing factors
anorexia alchoholism, low income
6 classes of nutrients
carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
energy sources for the body
carbs, protein, alchohal, fat
metabolism
chemical processes that take place in living cells
phytochemical
compounds made by plants that are not nutrients
megadose
generally defined as 10 times the recommended amount of a vitamin or mineral
kilocalorie
heat energy needed to raise the temp 1000g of water 1C
Early death
high fat-inactivity risk factor-obesity possible diseases, heart disease, certain cancers, type 2 diabetes, hypertension
macronutrients
large amounts, provide energy carbs, proteins, and fats
metrics for nutrition
length-meters weight-grams volume-liters
nutrient
life-sustaining substances in food
chronic undernutrion
long-term energy and nutrient deficiency
kilocalorie or calorie
measured of food energy
promis of biotechnology
modify living things to improve products
nutrient dense
more micronutrients vitamins and minerals, in relation to its energy kcal value
essential nutrient
nutrient that must be supplied by food
dietary moderation
obtaining enough nutrients from food, avoiding excessive amounts of nutrients balancing calorie intake with caloric expenditure
kilo
one thousand
centi
one-hundreth
micro
one-millionth
deci
one-tenth
milli
one-thousandth
risk factor
personal characteristic that influences chances of developing disease genetic, age, environment, psych
lifestyle
persons way of living, dietary practices, physical actvity habits, and use of drugs
hunger
physiological need for food
Factors that Influence Your Health
poor eating, Heart Disease and cancer are #1 and 2 leading causes of death
empty calorie
poor source of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) compared energy kcal value
refining foods
reduces amounts of vitamins, minerals
water
required in large amounts but not a macronutrient
nutrition
scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them
micronutrients
small amounts, do not provide energy
cell
smallest functioning unit in a living organism
deficiency disease
state of health that occurs when a nutrient is missing from the diet
malnutrion
state of health that occurs when the body is impropery nourished, improper nourishment
chemistry
study of the composition and characteristics of the matter and the changes that can occur to it
phytochemicals
substances found in plant foods that are not classified as nutrients but are beneficial to health
genetic modification
techniques that alter an organisms DNA
undernutrition causes
traditional diets, crop failures, local warfare, political instability
diet
usual pattern of food choices