Human populations (quiz 7)
Malthus and Marx
Disagreed about the root causes of overpopulation, poverty, and social upheaval
Malthus argued that ______________ is the ultimate cause of social and environmental problems, and Marx argued that population growth ____________ social and environmental problems.
Excess population growth; results from
The main cause of world population growth in the past 300 years has been
Falling mortality due to longer life expectancy.
A graph of human population numbers show signs that we have passed our carrying capacity. True or False
False
The world population began growing rapidly during the Middle Ages. True or False
False
When a population overshoots its carrying capacity, it starts to gradually level off. True or False
False
Pronatalist pressures are influences that lead people to
Have more children
The demographic transition refers to a country's change from
High birth and death rates to low birth and death rates
Which of the following is not required for a demographic transition to occur?
Increased military strength
The average age that a newborn can expect to attain in a given society is referred to as
Life expectancy
Which of the following population characteristics is generally associated with developing countries?
-High child mortality -Easy access to healthcare -Many opportunities for education and work for women
As indicted in the graph, birthrates in a country tend to ___________ as its citizens become________affluent. This results in an_________relationship between population growth and economic output as measured by GDP.
1. Decrease 2.More 3. Inverse
The doubling time for a population with an annual percentage growth rate of 7.0% is
10 years
According to the rule of 70, which growth rate would have the human population doubling in 35 years?
2%
Which of the following factors does not usually affect the crude death rates of a population? A. Health Care B. Sanitation C. Age structure of the population D. Nutrition E. All of these affect crude death rates
All of these affect crude death rates
Which of the following factors does not usually affect the crude death rates of a population? A. Health care B. Sanitation C. Age structure of the population D. Nutrition E. All of these affect crude death rates
All of these affect crude death rates
"Birth dearths" can be a problem because they cause A. Labor shortages B. Military weakness C. A decrease in workers D. A decrease in taxpayers E. All of these are correct
All of these are correct
Most of the world's human settlements are clustered
Along coastlines and rivers
Women who ________ are LEAST likely to have many children.
Are able to earn an income for themselves
Different countries have had success reducing population growth by leveraging unique aspects of their particular culture. Identify the population regulation characteristic that helped these countries reduce their total fertility rates.
China-Legislating number of children Thailand-Contraceptive available Kerala, India-Many educational opportunities for women
Family planning means enabling people to
Decide in advance how many children they should have
Neo-Malthusians argue that
Malthus's eighteenth century theories apply to similar circumstances today
Demography is the science that describes
Population changes and characteristics
There is some evidence that population growth today is ____________ rather than ______________.
Slowing slightly; continuing to accelerate
The zero population growth rate is slightly over two children per couple because
Some children die and some couples do not have children
Which of the following best accounts for the large increase in population since the 1800?
Steady increase in number of people capable of reproducing
Technological optimists argue that technological advances have:
Technological optimists argue that technological advances have:
The I = PAT formula says that our environmental impacts (I) are the product of
The population size times affluence and the technology used to produce goods and services consumed
The total fertility rate is the number of children born
To the average woman during her lifetime
Match the following definitions of population growth to the terms they best describe: -Total Fertility rate -Crude birth rate -Zero population growth (ZPG)
Total Fertility rate-Total number of children born to the average woman Crude birth rate-Number of children born in a year per thousand persons Zero population growth (ZPG)-Births plus immigration equals deaths plus emigration
A population cannot grow indefinitely. True or False
True
As compared to China, India's population control programs have not been as successful as China's. True or False
True
Exceeding carrying capacity leads to dieback of the population. True or False
True
Many resources such as water and food are limited on our planet. True or False
True
Resources that are needed by humans are also needed by other organisms (e.g. space, clean water, timber, etc.). True or False
True
The world's highest current population growth rate is in the United Arab Emirates. True or False
True
When a population damages its environment, it can lower the carrying capacity of its population. True or False
True
In _______ countries, population growth rates are low, but the number of resources used per person is extremely high.
developed