Human Resource Management- Chapter 6

Which of the following are among the reasons that predictive validation is superior to concurrent validation? (Select all that apply.)

-Current employees know more about a job than applicants do. -Job applicants are typically more motivated to perform well on tests than current employees.

Which of the following statements are true about the practice of illegal discrimination in employee selection methods?

-Illegal discrimination can damage a company's social reputation. -Illegal discrimination is associated with expensive legal settlements and awards. -Illegal discrimination can lead to costly litigation.

Which of the following are benefits of using video-based role-play over traditional paper-and-pencil methods? (Select all that apply)

-It has higher levels of predictive validity. -It is more engaging for applicants.

Which of the following are forms of honesty tests commonly used by U.S. companies today?

-Tests for social conformity and conscientiousness -Tests with questions about admitting to past theft -Tests inquiring about associations with others who have stolen from employers

Which statements refer to the legality of employee selection methods?

-The methods should conform to existing legal precedents. -The methods should follow existing laws.

What are two social trends in the United States that have affected the need for drug-use tests among employees?

-The number of overdose cases involving opioids and other drugs in the workplace has been increasing. -The legal status of marijuana use has changed in many states even though it remains illegal under federal law for many occupations.

Which of the following are among the five major dimensions measured in a personality inventory? (Select all that apply.)

-extroversion -agreeableness -adjustment

Which of the following are provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1991? (Select all that apply.)

-prohibiting preferential treatment for minority groups -allowing complainants to have a jury decide on punitive damages

Verbal comprehension tests are designed to test which of the following in applicants? (Select all that apply.)

-their capacity to understand written language -their capacity to understand spoken language

Research suggests that selection interviews can be which of the following if they are not carried out correctly? (Select all that apply.)

-unreliable -biased -low in validity

Which of following characteristics are generally indicative of a selection method's utility? (Select all that apply.)

-validity -generalizability -reliability

Which of the following are generic selection standards used in deciding who will be allowed into organizations? (Select all that apply.)

-validity -reliability -legality

True or false: A test has much less utility when it predicts performance that has a power law distribution.

False

True or false: Recent research indicates that tests show different levels of subgroup validity.

False

If an employer wants to avoid a guilty verdict when a business practice is shown to discriminate against workers over 40 years old, the employer must be able to do which of the following?

demonstrate that the practice is necessary to the business

Situational interview items have ______.

high predictive validity

Cognitive ability tests are designed to measure an individual's ______.

mental capacity

The degree to which a measure is free from random error defines its level of ______.

reliability

The reliability of a measure over time, which is usually determined by comparing the measure at one time to the same measure at another time, is known as which of the following?

test-retest reliability

Though it can be useful, many employers are reluctant to use predictive validation due to ______.

the large amount of time and effort it requires

How well information is able to enhance the organization's bottom-line effectiveness is known as the information's ____ .

utility

In terms of job selection and placement, the extent to which a given measure of performance is related to performance on the job is known as ____ .

validation

If an empirical association can be shown to exist between a selection measure and scores for job performance, the ______ of a selection method can be established.

validity

In terms of job selection and placement, the extent to which a given measure of performance is related to performance on the job is known as ____ .

validity

One type of cognitive ability test measures an individual's ______, which is the person's capacity to understand and use written and spoken language.

verbal comprehension

Under which circumstances is it important for a company to use interviewers who are good at assessing a job candidate's growth potential and ability to fit in with the established corporate culture?

when the company hires candidates with little or no experience

When testing quantitative ability, one seeks to measure an applicant's ability to do which of the following?

solve arithmetic problems

Which of the following groups of applicants can be adversely affected by physical ability tests? (Select all that apply.)

-Applicants with disabilities -Female applicants

Which of the following are classes of physical ability tests? (Select all that apply.)

-Coordination -Muscular endurance -Cardiovascular endurance

Which of the following are contexts over which we typically generalize selection methods?

-Different jobs -Different samples of people -Different organizations

Which of the following are among the five aspects of emotional intelligence? (Select all that apply.)

-self-awareness -empathy -self-regulation

Which of the following are considered limitations of content validation? (Select all that apply.)

-the assumption that the new hire has to have the knowledge, skills, and abilities being measured at the time of hire -the large role subjective judgment plays

Research suggests that approximately ______ of job applications contained some type of inaccurate information.

80%

When an interviewer asks job candidates about the biggest challenge they have faced in motivating employees, the interviewer is asking which of the following?

An experience-based question

The personality dimension known as ______ is described as how good-natured, forgiving, and courteous a person is.

agreeableness

What is the term for a large group of selection programs that involves a number of methods to rate aspiring or current employees on their managerial potential?

assessment center

How do companies help reduce the biases associated with in-person job interviews?

by conducting interviews using multiple simultaneous interviewers

Which of the following has improved the process of finding valid predictors of future job performance?

cloud-based data processing

Tests that differentiate people on the basis of mental rather than physical capacities are known as ____ ability tests.

cognitive

The process known as ____ validation involves testing individuals presently performing a job and then attempting to establish a correlation between those test scores and existing measures of job performance.

concurrent

When a test includes scenarios that are representative of the types of things a job incumbent might face on the job, the test is considered ______.

content valid

The degree of relatedness between two sets of numbers is known as the ______.

correlation coefficient

When there is a substantial correlation between test scores and job-performance scores, then ______ validity can be established.

criterion-related

People who can handle themselves effectively in situations that are fluid and socially intensive are said to have which of the following?

emotional intelligence

Reference letters are unreliable predictors of job success primarily because most of them are ______.

excessively positive

Interview questions that pertain to hypothetical situations that a job candidate might face if hired are considered ______.

future-oriented

The biggest concern about biographical data is that applicants are likely to do which of the following?

misrepresent themselves

Assessment centers typically exhibit a high criterion-related validity because they employ which of the following?

multiple selection methods

Which of the following is a provision of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967?

outlawing mandatory retirement programs

When one set of numbers in a measurement goes up as another set of numbers goes down, the two sets of numbers exist in a ______.

perfect negative relationship

Organizations use a process known as ______ to decide which applicants will or will not be allowed into the organization.

personnel selection

Research indicates that job performance follows which kind of distribution?

power law

The process of establishing an empirical relationship between pre-hire test scores and post-hire job performance is known as ______.

predictive validation

The measurement of person's speed and accuracy in solving arithmetic problems is called ______.

quantitative ability

What is the term for the practice of ranking the scores of different races or genders within their own groups rather than ranking all groups as a whole?

race norming

An individual's capacity to come up with solutions to many diverse problems is known as their ____ ability.

reasoning

Which is the broadest of the cognitive abilities?

reasoning ability

The personnel selection measure that is based on how consistent something is over time or over different contexts is called ______.

reliability

If the measure of a characteristic is ______, then the characteristic will not change or change very little between two measurements, or tests, made within a short period of time.

reliable

In order for a test to have validity, it must be ______.

reliable

If standout employees score high on a specific trait, then a company using concurrent validation will likely use scores on this trait to do which of the following?

screen new hires

A dialog designed to gather information and evaluate the qualifications of an applicant for employment is known as a(n) ____ interview.

selection

Questions that pertain to specific situations that are likely to arise in the course of the job are asked as part of a(n) ______ interview.

situational

In order to determine how much validity is sufficient, one usually tests for which of the following?

statistical significance

Concurrent studies can help anticipate the results of predictive studies, but they cannot ______ them.

substitute for

The first step in validity generalization involves determining that a specific test is a ______.

valid predictor for a specific job

When a firm is unable to use criterion-related or content validation, which selection method does it typically use instead?

validity generalization

Evidence concerning the reliability and validity of reference checks indicates that they are ______ predictors of future performance and success on the job.

weak

In order to predict future job performance by simulating a job through things like hypothetical case studies and role play, applicants are sometimes asked to take ______ tests.

work-sample