hw 10

What is the pH of the solution that contains [OH-] = 10-5 M ? Type in only an integer number for your answer (i.e., -2, 0, 1, 2 etc.)

9.70 no

In addition to acid rain, what is another pollutant that is emitted by coal-fired power plants? lead chromium mercury arsenic

mercury

In natural waters, extra promotes rapid growth of some organisms, such as plankton, and large blooms of these organisms require to live. When such organisms are present, they quickly consume the available oxygen in water, leaving little or no oxygen for the other organisms that need it. When a pollutant causes overgrowth of an organism and oxygen is consequently depleted from natural water, this is . When oxygen levels begin to fall in natural waters, the water first becomes (oxygen deficient). As levels continue to drop, the eventual result is formation of a zone, an area where life--from fish to shellfish to corals--cannot thrive.

nitrogen, oxygen, eutrophication, hypoxic, dead

Which one indicates the lowest concentration? 35 ppm 1 % 700 ppb 0.8 ppm

700ppb

What is the pH of a 10 -3 M solution of LiOH? 3 11 7 14

11

According to Nature Box in the middle of Chapter 10, a group of chemists is trying to protect York Minster Cathedral built by limestone from the onslaught of acid rain to which the building is vulnerable. Which statement is irrelevant to their effort? They are working to develop a protective coating that will protect the building from acid rain. They are working to develop a coating material this is hydrophobic so that it can repel rainwater and the acid in it. They are working to develop a coating material in which olive oil and a Teflon-like substance are mixed to make a protective coating that keeps rainwater and the the acid in it. They are working to develop a coating material in which nonpolar hydrocarbons and polar water molecules are mixed to make a protective coating that keeps rainwater and the the acid in it.

?

NaOH is dissolved in water. Which statement does NOT properly describe what you can observe? The solution is basic. or this The solution contains H+ ions. The solution contains OH- ions. The solution has the pH greater than 7. No answer (i.e., all options above are correct)

?

The pH of Solution A is 2. The pH of Solution B is 4. Which statement is correct? Solution A has two times more H+ concentration than Solution B. Solution B has two times more H+ concentration than Solution A. Solution A has less H+ concentration than Solution B. The H+ concentration of Solution B is 100 times less than that of Solution A. No answer (i.e. all options above are incorrect)

?

Select the statement that is true. A solution is basic if it has a pH of 5.0. A solution is acidic if it has a pH of 9.0. A solution is acidic if it has a proton concentration of 10-2 M. A solution is basic if it has a proton concentration of 10-6 M. or this

A solution is acidic if it has a proton concentration of 10-2 M.

Select the gas that is emitted by burning gasoline that is a precursor to acid rain. Nitrogen oxides, NOx Nitrite, NO2- Nitrate, NO3- Nitric acid, HNO3

Nitrogen oxides, NOx

Which option depicts/refers to a different substance while the other three all depict/refer to the same substance? A proton no A hydronium ion H+ OH-

OH-

What chemical contributes to the formation of acid rain? NaCl NaOH CO2 SO2

SO2

What is a strong acid? Strong acids completely dissociate and produce a solution with a pH less than 7. Strong acids partially dissociate and produce a solution with a pH greater than 7. Strong acids completely dissociate and produce a solution with a pH greater than 7. Strong acids partially dissociate and produce a solution with a pH less than 7.

Strong acids completely dissociate and produce a solution with a pH less than 7.

Green Beat at the end of Chapter 10 introduces a solution extracted from red cabbage as a pH indicator. Which statement best explains the working of red cabbage solution as a pH indicator? The indicator solution is litmus, a natural indicator extracted from lichens. The indicator solution contains phenolphthalein molecule whose structure changes as the pH changes, which changes the color of the indicator. The indicator solution at varying temperature develops a spectrum of colors as the pH changes. The indicator solution, prepared by mixing it with other extract solutions from the plants that have intense colors, displays a spectrum of colors as the pH changes.

The indicator solution contains phenolphthalein molecule whose structure changes as the pH changes, which changes the color of the indicator.

Which statement is the most unlikely reason why some forests are more affected by acid rain than others? The pH of acid rain varies across the US. In areas of heavy industrial activity the pH of acid rain is very low because the factories in that area pump SOx in the air. In areas of urban density the pH of acid rain is also very low because the heavy traffic in that area adds NOx in the air. The rural areas of the US Northeast--places like Maine, New Hamphsire and Vermont--are less affected by acid rain, because these are few industrial or urban areas.

The rural areas of the US Northeast--places like Maine, New Hamphsire and Vermont--are less affected by acid rain, because these are few industrial or urban areas.

Which statement is NOT the effect of acid rain on soils? When the pH drops due to acid rain, the aluminum minerals in the soil begin to dissolve, and toxic aluminum ions are released into the soil which stunt the growth of healthy roots. When the pH drops due to acid rain, the amount of calcium the tree takes in through its roots is reduced. When the pH drops due to acid rain, that acidic water kills healthy bacteria in the tree. When the pH drops due to acid rain, that acidic water leaches magnesium from the soil in which the tree grow.

When the pH drops due to acid rain, that acidic water leaches magnesium from the soil in which the tree grow.

How do vehicles reduce about 90% of their NOx emissions? low sulfur gasoline catalytic converters scrubbers acid reducers

catalytic converters

Which aquatic organism has the narrowest pH range over which it can survive? Trout Frog Crayfish Clam

clam

What chemical process occurs when metals slowly deteriorate when they are exposed to the environment? corrosion precipitation melting combustion

corrosion

Which one correctly lists the pH distribution in the increasing order, i.e., from acidic to basic? baking soda --> blood --> urine --> tomato juice gastric juice --> urine --> tomato juice --> household ammonia tomato juice --> urine --> blood --> household ammonia/detergent tomato juice --> urine --> seawater --> baking soda

tomato juice --> urine --> blood --> household ammonia/detergent