IFR Test

Distance of arc

# of degrees x DME arc/60

MAA

(Maximum authorized altitude) A published altitude representing the maximum usable altitude or flight level for an airspace structure or route segment.

MSA

(Minimum Sector Altitude) is the lowest altitude which may be used which will provide a minimum clearance of 1 000 ft above all objects located in the area contained within a sector of a circle of 25 NM radius centred on a radio aid to navigation.

MCA

(Minimum crossing altitude) is the lowest altitude at which a navigational fix can be crossed when entering or continuing along an airway that will allow an aircraft to clear all obstacles while carrying out a normal climb to the required MEA of the airway in question beyond the fix.

MEA

(Minimum enroute altitude) - the lowest published altitude between radio navigation fixes that assures acceptable navigational signal coverage & meets obstacle clearance requirements between those fixes.

MRA

(Minimum reception altitude) is the lowest altitude on an airway segment where an aircraft can be assured of receiving signals from navigation aids like VOR or NDB. Typically, the greater the distance between navigation aids, the higher the MRA.

PRM

(Precision Runway Monitoring) - Radar system for monitoring approaches to closely spaced parallel runways.

SID

(Standard instrument departure ) routes, also known as departure procedures (DP), are published flight procedures followed by aircraft on an IFR flight plan immediately after takeoff from an airport.

MOCA

(minimum obstruction clearance altitude) Meets obstacle clearance but only nav signal coverage within 22 nm of VOR

Dual VOR

(units independent of each other except for the antenna) check one system against the other. Both systems shall be tuned to the same VOR ground facility and note the indicated bearings to that station. The maximum permissible variation between the two indicated bearings is 4 degrees.

Aircraft approach cats

1.3 times stall speed in landing config, max gross landing weight A < 91 B > 91 leads then 121 C is 121 leads then 141 D is 141 less 166

FSS Frequencies

122.2 & 121.5 normally available

Standard temperature @ sea level

15 degrees C

Outer Marker

1st 2 letters of localizer identification group. Blue flasing light & audible series of dashes.

Average Lapse Rate Dry Adiabatic Rate

2 degrees C 3 degrees C

VOR Course Displacement

200' per nautical mile 30 nm x 200 = 6000 or 1 mile 3 dot defection = 3 mm displaced from center line

Maximum downdrafts in microburst

6000 feet per minute

VOR

A VOR ground checkpoint is a marked location at an airport where you will have an unobstructed read of a specific radial of a nearby VOR . Tune the VOR to the radial (Degrees-From) specified in the Airport Facility Directory. The CDI must be within ±4° of the specified radial.

Surface Analysis Chart

Actual frontal positions, pressure patterns, temp, dew pt, wind, weather and obstructions to vision at the valid time of the chart.

Equivalent airspeed (EAS)

Airspeed at sea level in the International Standard Atmosphere at which the dynamic pressure is the same as the dynamic pressure at the true airspeed (TAS) and altitude at which the aircraft is flying.

Indicated Altitude

Altitude shown on the altimeter.

Level Turn (Secondary)

Attitude indicator & Vertical Speed indicator

Descent Rate

Feet to be lost/time

Cloud Thickness

Field Elevation + OVC from Metar - Tops

Z lightning bolt on SIAP

Glide slope intercept altitude

Straight & Level (Primary)

Heading indicator, Altimeter, Airspeed

Absolute Altitude

Height above ground level (AGL).

True Altitude

Height above mean sea level (MSL).

HIRL

High intensity runway lights

RVR

Horizontal distance a pilot should see when looking down a runway from a moving aircraft.

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Hypemic hypoxia blood can not transport blood Symptoms intial feeling of euphoria but lead to more serious concerns such as headache, decreased reaction time, visual impairment and eventual unconsciousness.

Microwave Landing System

Identified by a 3 letter Morse code identifier proceed by the Morse code for "M".

VOR DME out of Service

Identifier will repeat @ intervals of 30 sec @ 1350 hz

WND

In a aviation area forecast means wind forecast over 20 mph

Calibrated airspeed (CAS)

Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument errors, position errors (due to incorrect pressure at the static port) and installation errors.

Pressure Altitude

Indicated altitude when an altimeter is set to 29.92 in Hg

Airmet

Issued every 6 hours

Middle Marker

Last 2 letters of localizer identification group. Amber flashing light and alternating dots and dashes

ILS MALSR

Lighting Systems - (Medium Approach Light System with Runway Alignment Indicator Lights) Published visibility for the ILS is no lower than 3/4 SM

Radar Summary Chart

Lines and cells of hazardous t-storms

Winds Aloft

Listed in true direction and knots

Inner Marker

No identifier unique to approach. Six dots per second & flashing white light

Hyperventilation

Paresthesias, Dizziness/Lightheadedness, Rapid Breathing, Headache, Decreased Visual Acuity, Weakness, Decreased Mentation, Drowsiness, Decreased Judgment, Loss of Consciousness

PAPI

Precision approach path indicator

Density Altitude

Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature variations

Straight & Level (Secondary)

Rate of Turn & Vertical Speed indicator

Level Turn (Primary)

Rate of turn, Altimeter, Airspeed

Level Turn (Control)

Roll, Pitch, Power

Straight & Level (Control)

Roll, Pitch, Power

TWEB

Route forecast 50 mile wide corridor

R31/2700FT

Runway 31's RVR is 2700

REIL

Runway end identifier lights (Rabbits)

Indicated airspeed (IAS or KIAS)

Speed of an aircraft as shown on its pitot static airspeed indicator, calibrated to reflect standard atmosphere adiabatic compressible flow at sea level, uncorrected for airspeed system errors.

True airspeed (TAS or KTAS)

Speed of the aircraft relative to the atmosphere. The true airspeed and heading of an aircraft constitute its velocity relative to the atmosphere

Hypoxia symptoms

Tunnel vision and cyanosis

NASD

Turn toward North accelerate on E/W heading Turn South deceleration on E/W heading

VOT

VOR test facility (VOT) transmits a test signal used on ground or air (use is strictly limited to those areas/altitudes specifically authorized in the A/FD). -Tune to VOT frequency -Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) centered -Omni-bearing selector should read 0 degrees with the to/from indication showing "from" or the omni-bearing selector should read 180 degrees with the to/from indication showing "to." - +/- 4 degrees ground or +/- 6 degrees airborne

V V

Vertical visibility

VASI

Visual approach slope indicator is a system of lights on the side of an airport runway threshold that provides visual descent guidance information during approach.

VRB

Wind entry in TAF for winds 3 knots or less

Constant pressure charts

Winds & temps aloft

900+00

Winds aloft Chart means light and variable

99 winds aloft

over 200 knots

Nimbus

rain cloud