Immunity Concepts Review
What size of induration after a tuberculin test signifies a positive result in a 16-year-old client? Record your answer using a whole number. _________________ mm
10 mm
What is the function of IgG in the body?
Activates the classic complement pathway
The mother of an 8-year-old child with the diagnosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is concerned that a 4-year-old sibling may also have the disorder. What does the nurse recall when preparing to explain the cause of the disease process?
An immune complex disorder occurring after a group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus infection
What is an example of a type I hypersensitivity reaction?
Anaphylaxis Type I hypersensitivity reaction is anaphylaxis. Serum sickness is a type III immune complex reaction. Contact dermatitis is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. A blood transfusion reaction is a type II cytotoxic reaction.
A client with localized redness and swelling due to a bee sting reports intense local pain, a burning sensation, and itching. What would be the most appropriate nursing action?
Applying cold compresses to the affected area
Which medications are administered to inhibit purine synthesis and suppress cell-mediated and humoral immune responses? Select all that apply.
Azathioprine, and Mycophenolate mofetil
Which client organ is protected by microglial cells?
Brain
Which malnutrition condition may predispose a client to secondary immunodeficiency?
Cachexia
Which complication will the nurse suspect in a client with genital herpes disease?
Cold sores
Which vaccination is given to young children to provide protection against tetanus and diphtheria but not pertussis?
DT
Which leukocyte releases vasoactive amines during a client's allergic reactions?
Eosinophil
What are the symptoms of tuberculosis? Select all that apply.
Fatigue, nausea, low-grade fever, weight loss, and anorexia.
A client has a kidney transplant. The nurse should monitor for which assessment findings associated with rejection of the transplant? Select all that apply.
Fever, Oliguria, Weight gain
Which influenza vaccine is administered by way of the intranasal route?
FluMist
A client asks the nurse what advantage breast-feeding holds over formula feeding. What major group of substances in human milk are of special importance to the newborn and cannot be reproduced in a bottle formula?
Gamma globulins
Which vaccine is used to prevent a human papilloma virus infection?
Gardasil
The echoviruses can cause which diseases in clients? Select all that apply.
Gastroenteritis, and Aseptic meningitis
A client making her first visit to the prenatal clinic asks which immunization can be administered safely to a pregnant woman. What should the nurse tell her?
Inactive influenza
What is the mechanism of action of penicillin?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis of the pathogen
Which cytokine stimulates the liver to produce fibrinogen and protein C?
Interleukin-6
Which medication should be immediately started when a client has an anaphylactic attack?
Isoproterenol
The nurse is teaching parents about the side effects of immunization vaccines. What expected side effect associated with the Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) vaccine will the nurse include in the teaching?
Low-grade fever
What are the mediators of injury in IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions? Select all that apply.
Mast cells, Histamines, and Leukotrienes
Which diseases are caused by viruses? Select all that apply.
Mumps, Measles, Hepatitis B
Which type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child?
Natural passive immunity
A primigravida has just given birth. The nurse is aware that the client has type AB Rh-negative blood. Her newborn's blood type is B positive. What should the plan of care include?
Obtaining a prescription to administer Rho(D) immune globulin to the mother
What is the role of the plasma cell in the antigen-antibody response?
Produces antibodies against the sensitizing antigen
The nurse at a community healthcare center focuses on providing primary preventive care. What is the focus of primary preventive care?
Promoting health in healthy individuals
The nurse is educating a client about protease inhibitors. What statement about protease inhibitors is true?
Protease inhibitors prevent the clipping of the viral strands into small functional pieces.
Which medications are useful to treat psoriasis? Select all that apply.
Psoralen, Anthralin, and Calcipotriene
What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
Shark cartilage is a complementary therapy
A nurse is monitoring a client who is having a computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain with contrast. Which response indicates that the client is having an untoward reaction to the contrast medium?
Shortness of breath
Which statement is true regarding Sjögren's syndrome?
Sjögren's syndrome decreases the digestion of carbohydrates.
A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary tuberculosis. What must the nurse determine before discontinuing airborne precautions?
Sputum is free of acid-fast bacteria.
Which bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome in female clients?
Staphylococcus aureus
Which type of vaccines triggers the recipient's immune system to produce antitoxins?
Toxoid vaccines
Which hypersensitivity reaction may occur in a newborn with hemolytic disease?
Type II
Which virus can cause encephalitis in adults and children?
West Nile virus
Which drug treats hay fever by preventing leukotriene synthesis?
Zileuton
The nurse is counseling a client infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) regarding prevention of HIV transmission. Which statement by the client indicates the nurse needs to follow up?
"I can safely have anal sex without any barriers."