Important time marks for development (WCC)
What vaccines are needed at 16 years old?
- Meningococcal - Influenza
What vaccines are needed at 11-12 years old?
- TDap - Meningococcal
How much does the head circumference increase after the 1st 3 months to one year?
1 cm per month
When should a child be weaned off the bottle?
1 years old
Which age has the highest rate of drowning incidents?
1-3 y/o UNDER 1 = BATHTUB!
What are the contraindications to breastfeeding? (4)
1. Active disease 2. Galactosemia - baby cannot break down galactose into glucose 3. Primary lactase deficiency - cannot break down lactose into galactose + glucose 4. Drug use in mom
What are the S/Sx of formula intolerance in a baby?
1. Excessive spitting up 2. Gas 3. Constipation 4. Irritability
What are some causes of formula intolerance in a baby? (4)
1. GERD 2. Lactose intolerance 3. Milk protein 4. Iron content
What foods should you avoid giving your child until 1 y/o? (5)
1. chocolate 2. peanuts 3. wheat 4. egg 5. seafood
What is the screen time plan for those over 6 years old ?
1. healthy habits 2. limit activity with screens
How do you measure a head circumference? (2)
1. largest occipital to frontal circumference 2. go above the ears + eyebrows
When can a baby stop receiving vitamin D supplementation? (3)
1. weaning 2. can drink 32 oz of vit D fortitifed formula 3. after 12 months old (use breastmilk)
When do females usually hit puberty?
10-14 y/o
What is the dose of APAP in peds?
10-15 mg/kg/dose q 4-6 hrs
When do males usually hit puberty?
11-16 y/o
At what age can a *child stand alone BRIEFLY + BEGIN walk alone*?
12 months
At what age is a child able to *stack ONE block in a cup*?
12 months (1 year old)
At what age can a child have a *pincer grasp*?
12 months old
When are lead levels checked?
12 months old
Until what age must a child remain in the back seat?
13 y/o
What is the average head circumference at birth?
14 inches (35 cm)
By which age is a child *ABLE to say 2-3 words* past mama or dada?
15 mnths
By which age can a child ACTUALLY walk on their own?
15 months
At which age are children mimicking adults? (watch out!)
15 months old
At what age will a toddler *attempt (try) to use a spoon + can (not try) drink from a cup without a lid*?
18 months
By which age is a child TRYING to say *3 or more words* past mama/dada?
18 months
When are the 2 screening ages for autism & developmental delays?
18 months + 2 years (24 mnths)
How much does the head circumference increase in the 1st 3 months?
2 cm per month
By which age should a child be able to *POINT to at least 2 body parts*?
2 years old
By which age is a child able to say *AT LEAST 2 words* together?
2 years old (24 months)
When is the first Hep A given?
2 yr old
When should you introduce cow's milk?
2 yr old
For the first 2-3 weeks of life, how much formula should be given?
2-3 oz every 2-3 hours
When do you start hearing and vision testing?
3 y/o
At what age do kids *separate from their mother willingly*?
3 years old
By which age is a child able to say their first + last name?
3 years old
By which age should a child be able *to draw a circle*?
3 years old
By which age can a child dress themselves?
3 yr old
By which age is a child able to say *50 or more* words but only *2-3 together*?
30 mnths
By which age can a child jump without losing balance?
30 months
By which age should a child know *AT LEAST one color*?
30 months
At which age is a child able to *follow simple directions and play with other children*?
30 months old
When should a baby start eating other foods? Why?
4 months - iron stores are depleted
At what age do kids start to make *raspberry noises*?
4 months old
At what age does a baby pay *special attention to their hands*?
4 months old
At what age is a child *opening their mouth in response to seeing a bottle*?
4 months old
When should a baby start eating solid foods?
4 months old
At what age do kids like to be *a helper & avoid danger*?
4 years old
What is the dose of Ibuprofen in peds?
4-10 mg/kg/dose q 6-8 hrs
When should solid foods begin to be introduced?
4-6 months
Breastfed or partially breastfed babies need what for nutrition?
400IU of Vit D EVERY DAY!
By which age is a child able to tell a story?
5 years old
By which age should a child be able to count to 10?
5 years old
By which age can a child balance on one foot?
5 yr old
When should brushing teeth and use of fluoride be talked about?
6 month WCC
When do teeth start erupting?
6 months
At what age can a baby roll over?
6 months old
At what age do kids start *LAUGHING?*
6 months old
When should you introduce finger foods?
8-9 months
At what age can a child stand with support and sit without help?
9 months old
At what age does a baby *wave bye & stranger danger & react when you leave the room*?
9 months old
At what age is a child able to *bang two objects toegther* and *sit alone*?
9 months old
When are HgB levels checked?
9 months to 1 year old
When are there no vaccines given
9 months, 18 months, 3 years.
What are tetracyclines CI in children < 12 y/o and pregnant women?
Discoloration of tooth enamel + incorporation into tooth structure
True or False: Under 4 months, you must supply water with breastmilk.
FALSE! - don't do it!
What is the leading cause of child death at home?
Fire + burn injury - Scalding being the most common.
What is the main source of nutrition in children 4-6 months old?
Formula or breast-feeding
How much formula should you be giving up to day 3?
Initial - - 0.5 oz/feeding Day 3 - - 2-3 oz
Why do breastfed babies need Vitamin D?
Need Vit D to absorb calcium + phosphorus ⇒ too little vit D can cause rickets
Why should a child drink cow's milk?
Need the fat for the development of the nervous system
What is the screen time plan for those 2-5 years old?
Non-educational - 1 hour per weekday - 3 hours on weekend days
By which age does a child say *mama/dad non-specifically? specifically?*
Non-specifically - 9 months Specifically - 12 months
What is the first solid food that you start? why?
Single grain cereal - less intolerance + allergies
True or False: After teeth begin erupting, there should *only be water in the NIGHT bottle*.
TRUE!
Which gender is more genetically prone to more STDs?
Women
When is the highest incidence of choking?
before 8 months old
What are the best ways to dose pediatric meds? With what instruments?
calibrated spoon or synringe *never exceed the adult dose!*
Why would BP be done earlier?
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
What is the screen time plan for those 18-24 months old?
educations programs with parent
What is a NORMAL lead level?
less than 10 mg/dL
How should you introduce food in children aged 4-6 months?
new food *every 3-5 days* to watch for reactions
By which age can a child actually eat with a spoon? a fork?
spoon = 2 yr old fork = 3 yr old
What organism is the MCC for carries in children?
strep mutans
Choking incidents are most common in what ages?
under 3 y/o
How long do you use a REAR facing car seat for?
until 2 y/o OR child reaches the limits on the carrier
What is the screen time plan for those *under 18 months old*?
video chat with adults only
When can a child stop using a car seat?
when they hit 4'9"