in class questions

A nurse is caring for a client in respiratory distress. The healthcare provider prescribes oxygen via a nonrebreather mask. Which mask should the nurse use to implement the oxygen prescription?

A rebreather mask can accurately deliver high concentrations of oxygen (60% to 90%). It cannot be used with a high degree of humidity. Answer option 1 is a face mask. It delivers low to medium concentrations of oxygen by adjusting the oxygen flow rate to 6 to 12 L/min. Answer option 2 is a Venturi mask. It can deliver precise high-flow rates of oxygen. Concentration and liter flow are marked on the mask apparatus; it can be adjusted to deliver concentrations of 24%, 28%, 31%, 35%, 40%, or 50% oxygen. Answer option 3 is a face tent. It delivers an imprecise amount of oxygen and is designed to provide moderate to high-density humidification.

A client comes to the clinic because of signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection. The client says to the nurse, "How can I prevent my roommate from getting my cold?" What is the nurse's best response?

Cover your cough with your forarm

Which respiratory measurement is useful in differentiating between obstructive and restrictive pulmonary dysfunction?

Forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity ratio

A client who just returned from surgery reports shortness of breath and chest pain. Which should the nurse initially administer?

Supplemental oxygen

A nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of emphysema, a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client is hypoxemic and also has chronic hypercarbia. Which statement reflects the oxygen needs of this client?

The client requires lower levels of oxygen delivery, usually 1 to 3 L/min via nasal cannula Exogenous oxygen is necessary, but it must be delivered in low concentrations. It is not the method of oxygen delivery that is a concern, but rather the concentration of the oxygen. High oxygen concentrations will increase serum oxygen levels and interfere with the stimulus to breathe, which is a lowered oxygen level. The client will develop carbon dioxide narcosis when high levels of exogenous oxygen are administered. However, the results of one recent study of clients with stable COPD indicate that the hypercarbic drive is preserved with oxygen concentrations higher than 2 L/min. More research is needed before this theory is applied clinically. Usually, the body's stimulus to breathe is an elevated carbon dioxide level. In a client with COPD, breathing instead responds to lowered oxygen levels because of the body's exposure to continuously elevated levels of carbon dioxide.

A client with a coronary occlusion is experiencing chest pain and distress. Why does the nurse administer oxygen?

To increase oxygen concentration to heart cells Oxygen increases the transalveolar oxygen gradient, which improves the efficiency of the cardiopulmonary system. This enhances the oxygen supply to the heart. Increased oxygen to the heart cells will improve cardiac output, which may or may not prevent dyspnea. Pallor, not cyanosis, usually is associated with myocardial infarction. Although increasing oxygen tension in the circulating blood may be true, it is not specific to heart cells.

A person's bathrobe ignites while the individual is cooking in the kitchen on a gas stove. What is the priority intervention after the flames are extinguished?

assess the persons breathing

A client presents to the emergency room with coughing and sudden wheezing. The nurse notes the client is progressing quickly into respiratory distress. The nurse identifies that the client is experiencing what problem?

asthma attack

Which would the nurse consider to be a potential respiratory system-related complication of surgery?

atelectasis

a client with a history of COPD complains of increased shortness of breath breath and has wheezing noted upon auscultation. the client is administered a nebulizer treatment of albuterol and introvert. which evaluation would indicate a therapeutic response to this treatment? a. increase in wheezing upon auscultation b. pink frothy sputum c.decrease in shortness of breath d. decrease in heart failure

c.decrease in shortness of breath *the client was complaining of shores of breath there fore the decrease would be therapeutic response to treatment

Thick mucous gland secretions, elevated sweat electrolytes, meconium ileus, and difficulty maintaining and gaining weight are associated with which autosomal recessive disorder?

cystic fibrosis

Which condition may lead to collapse of the walls of the bronchioles and alveolar air sacs?

emphysema

A nurse assesses a newly admitted client with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which clinical findings support this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

fatigue, hemoptysis and night sweats The general adaptation syndrome is activated in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (a gram-positive, acid-fast bacillus), causing an infectious response, which contributes to fatigue; the altered gas exchange also contributes to fatigue because it decreases the available oxygen. Hemoptysis is a response caused by damage to lung tissue; it is associated with more advanced tuberculosis. Night sweats are a common symptom of infectious diseases; the infectious process influences the temperature-regulating center of the brain. Anorexia, not polyphagia, is a common response to most infections. A black, hairy tongue is associated with fungal infection often seen with antibiotic therapy.

Which statement appropriately describes tidal volume?

it is the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath Tidal volume is the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath. Residual volume is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration. Inspiratory reserve volume is the additional air that can be forcefully inhaled after normal inhalation. Expiratory reserve volume is the additional air that can be forcefully exhaled after normal exhalation.

The nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. After the dialysate has infused, the client reports severe respiratory difficulty. Which immediate action should the nurse take?

osculate for breath sounds Lung sounds should be auscultated for signs of fluid overload.

A client with a pneumothorax has a chest tube inserted and attached to a closed chest drainage system. The client asks, "Why is the tube in my chest hooked up to a contraption with water in it?" How does the nurse explain the function of the water?

prevent reflux of air back into the chest

A client is shot in the chest during a holdup and is transported to the hospital via ambulance. In the emergency department, chest tubes are inserted, one in the second intercostal space and one at the base of the lung. What does the nurse expect the tube in the second intercostal space to accomplish?

remove the air that is present in the intrapleural space

A client is experiencing severe respiratory distress. Which response should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

tachycardia

A nurse is teaching a client with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis about recovery after discharge. What is the most important intervention for the nurse to include in this plan?

taking medications as prescribed

During data collection, the nurse inspects the client's nose and concludes that the client has an infection. Which finding supports the nurse's conclusion?

thick mucosal discharge The presence of thick mucosal discharge could indicate an infection. The client may have bloody discharge due to trauma or dryness. Watery discharge could be secondary to allergies or from cerebrospinal fluid. Purulent and malodorous discharge could indicate the presence of a foreign body.

A nurse is caring for a client who had a pneumonectomy. Which is the priority nursing assessment?

ventilation exchange Gas exchange is of primary importance to promote life. Although pulse oximetry should be monitored, it is not the priority. Although the closed chest drainage system should be monitored, it is not the priority; the client is always priority above the equipment. Although approximation of the incision should be monitored, it is not the priority.

The nurse in the postanesthesia care unit is caring for a client who had a left-sided pneumonectomy. Which goal is priority?

ventilatory exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide change is essential for life and is the priority