INAG110 Midterm Exam

A pleasant term substituted for a more direct but potentially less pleasant one is referred to as (chp 4)

A euphemism

Mark's history professor thinks Marks is always listening to lectures because he makes eye contact, nods, and smiles. In reality, Mark is catching up with his friends on Instagram. The professor doesn't realize that Mark is (chp 5)

A pseudolistener

A reciprocating communication pattern in which each person's message reinforces the other's is called

A spiral

"All this talk about 'family values' is hypocritical. Take old Gubbins there, who made a speech about the 'sanctity of marriage' last year. Now it turns out he was having an affair with his secretary, and his wife if suing him for divorce." This is an example of a(n) (chp 14)

Ad hominem fallacy

Chandra is speaking with Annette about her class project. Annette looks at Chandra while she speaks and nods politely, even though she is thinking of what she's making for dinner. Chandra beings to talk about what she's making for dinner and catches Annette's attention, After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about all of the emails she needs to respond to. She knows she has a personal issue she needs to resolve and she can't get it off her mind. Besides listening to Chandra about what she's making for dinner, the conversation has not gone well. What part of this description indicates message overload? (chp 5)

After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about the emails she needs to respond to

A deliberately vague statement that can be interpreted in more than one way is referred to as (chp 4)

An equivocation

A pattern in which disconfirming messages reinforce one another, often leading to a full-blown argument is called (chp 7)

An escalatory conflict spiral

Caroline tells Kevin she is not happy with hims staying out late the night before. Kevin responds by telling Caroline that she isn't the boss of him. Caroline then responds by telling him that she thinks he's hateful. The negative dialogue continues to worsen. What does this situation exemplify? (chp 7)

An escalatory conflict spiral

Friends have told Marcy that they've seen her partner on dates with other people, but Marcy doesn't seem to hear what they are saying. Marcy is most likely to be (chp 5)

An insulated listener

Annie is going to present a present to her friend Janice at her going-away ceremony at work. She texts Janice to confirm she is coming. She texts, "R U coming 2 the ceremony?" The ceremony will be held in the conference room. The conference room door says "Employees Only." Which part of this description best represents the importance of phonological rules? (chp 4)

Annie is going to present a present to her friend Janice

A movie star is convincing the general public about the dangers of immunizing children. This is an example of a(n) (chp 14)

Argumentum ad verecundiam fallacy

Define the term attribution and describe the perpetual errors your book mentions that can lead to inaccurate attributions (chp 2)

Attribution is the process of attaching meaning to behavior. The perceptual errors are individuals typically judge themselves more charitably than they judge others, people often pay more attention to negative impressions than to positive ones, when individuals do perceive positive qualities, they tend to overgeneralize, and people gravitate to the familiar,

Beatrice is a talented softball player. She has won many awards for her abilities. She often helps teens that play for the city league. They appreciate her because she helps without making them feel bad about playing poorly. What best explains why the city league players don't feel defensive about Beatrice's help? (chp 7)

Because she wasn't acting superior

Bryan's speech tends to speed up when he is nervous, and his pitch becomes higher. Which is the correct description of these nonverbal behaviors? (chp 6)

Both his speed and pitch are paralanguage

Carlos's friend Albert is in a predicament. He was trying to make some quick cash and invested his money in a risky stock. Albert is emotionally wrought because he needed that money to pay rent for his family's home. Carlos feels sorry for Albert, but he thinks Albert made poor choices. Which selection below best categorizes how Carlos feels for Albert's situation? (chp 2)

Carlos sympathizes with Albert

A BLANK is an expressed opinion that the speaker would like to audience to accept (chp 14)

Claim

Another technique for effective informative speaking is to employ BLANK, which involves using precise wording and avoiding jargon (chp 14)

Clear, simple language

According to the textbook, the ability to achieve goals while maintaining or enhancing a relationship in which it occurs involves (chp 1)

Communication Competence

A common misconception of communication states that communication is simple. Using the lessons from the chapter, explain why this assumption is wrong. (chp 1)

Communication is a skill that need to be practice so people can improve. Similar to athletes who need to practice their sport in order to become better.

Communication can be a tool for expressing warm feelings and useful facts, but under different circumstances the same words and actions can cause both physical and emotional pain. This is because (chp 1)

Communication isn't always a good thing

Bella talks to Christopher about the problems she's been having with her mother. Christopher suggests she speak with her mother until they reach a solution. Which misconception of communication is Christopher most likely basing his suggestion on? (chp 1)

Communication will solve all problems

Asking yourself which interpretation of a nonverbal cue is most consistent with the sender's other nonverbal behaviors is a way of (chp 6)

Considering the context

Competent communication is BLANK communication (chp 1)

Effective

According to the textbook, BLANK are typically judged to be appealing and trustworthy (chp 5)

Effective listeners

BLANK describe deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have precise meanings known to everyone within a cultural group (chp 6)

Emblems

A BLANK is an error in logic (chp 14)

Fallacy

Child care professionals or parents who interact with children every day are exceptionally skilled at determining if children are telling the truth (chp 6)

False

A receiver's perceivable response to a message is (chp 1)

Feedback

A socially constructed set of expectations about what it means to be "masculine" or "feminine" is referred to as (chp 2)

Gender

According to the textbook, when women dig deep to find a matching experience or emotion to share, this can be one reason why (chp 5)

Happiness (as well as dissatisfaction) often feels contagious

Ahmed has only been in the US for a year and has not completely adjusted to new social norms. He notices his friend has had an acne breakout and says, "your face looks terrible." His friend is very unhappy with the comment. What could Ahmed have done to better manage his identity to follow social rules? (chp 2)

He could have chosen not to say anything to avoid making his friend uncomfortable

Alan is a fifth grade teacher. He is teaching his students about photosynthesis. He begins by reminding them that plants need sunlight to grow. Later, he continues by describing how plants are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light. How is he making it easy for his students to listen? (chp 14)

He is transitioning from familiar to newer information

Darius is a college student who plays video games every night for entertainment. Most fo the games he enjoys portray women as weak and helpless and men as strong and independent. What does research suggest we can assume about Darius? (chp 6)

His beliefs about gender are stereotypical

If you normally wear casual clothes, but dress more formally to attend a traffic court in the hope of being treated more sympathetically, you are showing that (chp 2)

Identity management can be goal-oriented

Communication scholar use the term BLANK to describe the degree of interest and attraction we feel toward and communicate to others (chp 7)

Immediacy

Bill is talking to Ted when Ted interrupts him. Bill responds to the interruption by saying, "You couldn't care less abnout anything I have to say!" This is an example of (chp 4)

Inference

A(n) BLANK is generally worded to stress audience knowledge, ability, or both (chp 14)

Informative purpose statement

Listeners that are not able to look beyond the stated words and/or nonverbal cues of a speaker to understand the real meaning are called (chp 5)

Insensitive listeners

Even though your class discussion was lively, fun, and productive in achieving its goals, you can't remember who said what. Which option below best relates to this discussion? (chp 7)

It demonstrates task-oriented communication that was not interpersonal

A collection of symbols governed by rules and used to convey messages between individuals is referred to in the chapter as (chp 4)

Language

Luis thinks that listening is an activity like breathing, which people automatically do well. However, he tends to multitask while he's on the phone and doesn't give the callers his full attention. Which myth about listening is Luis likely subscribing to? (chp 5)

Listening is a natural process

An example of external noise is (chp 1)

Loud music

Ashley told her subordinate, "Yes, I know I said I wouldn't ask you to work late again this week, but you would really be doing me a favor, and after all, you are a friend as well as an employee, and I know how much you value your loyalty to me and to this company." This demonstrates (chp 7)

Manipulative language

Clara is a very punctual person who prefers to complete one task before starting another. Clara has a BLANK orientation (chp 6)

Monochromic

An important five-step organizational pattern for persuasive speeches is referred to as (chp 14)

Monroe's Motivated Sequence

A large nation retailer uses Twitter to send messages to its customers. In this case, social media is (chp 1)

More like mass communication

A message expressed through nonlinguistic means is called (chp 6)

Nonverbal communication

Because you may overestimate how well you hide your anxiety, boredom, or eagerness from others, it is important to (chp 6)

Observe yourself

George is introverted and finds it difficult to make face-to-face conversation. However, when George is online, he is able to compose long and highly revealing messages. This best illustrates which advantage of online communication? (chp 7)

Online communication can feel nonthreatening

A BLANK conveys the affective and social relationship between two or more individuals (chp 7)

Relational message

A BLANK occurs when a person's expectation of an outcome, and their subsequent behavior, make the outcome more likely to occur than would otherwise have been the case (chp 2)

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Ashely gives a speech to the school board and stumbles on her words. The next time she speaks to the school board, she expects to stumble on her words again, which makes her nervous. Her nervousness causes her to stumble on her words again. This is likely a result of (chp 2)

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Esperanza was predicted and expected to do poorly in a math class. At the end of the semester, Esperanza got an F in math. This is an example of (chp 2)

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Amy is telling Katherine about some relationship issues she's having. Katherine really understands the feelings Amy is expressing. Katherine's understanding matches what Amy is saying. What best explains Katherine's response to Amy? (chp 5)

She is engaged in high-fidelity listening

Chandra is speaking with Annette about her class project. Annette looks at Chandra while she speaks and nods politely, even though she is thinking of what she's making for dinner. Chandra begins to talk about what she's making for dinner and catches Annette's attention. After a while the conversation continues and Annette thinks about all of the emails she needs to respond to. She knows she has a personal issue she needs to resolve and she can't get it off her mind. Besides Annette listening to Chandra about what she's making for dinner, the conversation has not gone well. What part of this description indicates psychological noise? (chp 5)

She knows she has a personal issue she needs to resolve and she can't get it off her mind

Annie is going to present a present to her friend Janice at her going-away ceremony at work. She texts Janice to confirm she is coming. She texts, "R U coming 2 the ceremony?" The ceremony will be help in the conference room. The conference room door says "Employees Only." Which part of this description best represents syntactic rules? (chp 4)

She texts, "R U coming 2 the ceremony"

Amy is a competent communicator. She goes to Jill's house and notices that Jill seems unhappy. She initially wonders if it's something she did, but she quickly considers that something else might have happened, or even that she may not be unhappy at all. Amy was competent in this situation because (chp 1)

She was cognitively complex

Because women use conversation to pursue BLANK needs, female speech often contains statements that show support for the other person, demonstrate equality, and keep the conversation going (chp 4)

Social

A person's name, accent, usage of powerful and powerless speech and affiliative language can affect their (chp 4)

Status

As neither characteristically male nor female styles of speech meet all communication needs, what does the text suggest for improving linguistic competence? (chp 4)

Switch and combine styles

Arbitrary constructions that represent a communicator's thoughts are referred to in the chapter as (chp 4)

Symbols

Chandra just discovered that she uses a condescending tone with people when she disagrees with them. The people she disagrees with have always known she used such a tone with them. Which area of the Johari Window represents Chandra's behavior prior to her discovery? (chp 7)

The blind area

A new theory of gender proposing that gender cannot be simply categorized, that social expectations can be confining, and that showing gender qualities may be related to context and mood, is called (chp 2)

The gender matrix

A politician is overheard calling a constituent some very colorful names. While the conversation is not meant for the public, it is reported nonetheless and a story is run in the local paper. Many constituents are angry about what was said, but what wasn't reported was that the politician went to elementary school with the constituent and he was an old friend. How might the unknown fact change the public's understanding of the words used? (chp 1)

The name-calling may have been playful banter amongst old friends, because meanings rest in people, not words.

Analyze the statements below and identify the statement that exemplifies the need step establishing the problem. (chp 14)

The prevalence of plastic waste id cluttering waterways, endangering wildlife, and damaging scenery on our planet

Ashley considers herself as someone fearful of public speaking. She is asked to speak to the school board about a new project she's working on. When she speaks to the school board, she is fearful and stumbles on her words. This is likely because (chp 2)

The self-concept influences communication with others

A person's biological category such as male, female, and intersex are referred to as (chp 2)

Their sex

Applying the results of a study of the National Basketball Association would lead you as a college coach to encourage touching among teammates in the hope of improving your team's performance (chp 6)

True

Because women have traditionally been responsible for child care, they may have learned to display and decipher nonverbal cues to better communicate with youngsters who are not yet proficient using language (chp 6)

True

A BLANK is a statement that justifies the use of evidence for a particular claim (chp 14)

Warrant

Anton is the dependable employee at his job. He is always focused and serious at work. When he's with his friends, he's considered a carefree jokester who is chronically late. What below might best explain the difference? (chp 2)

We have multiple identities

Before committing yourself to helping another person (chp 5)

Welcome