Infection Control Chapter 5

most concentrates have a

10 min contact time

What is sodium hypochlorite?

1;10 diction of household bleach to water

most wipes have a

2 minutes contact time

Disinfecting

A chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces.

cleaning

A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt debris and many disease causing germs.

Prevented by wearing a mask

Airborne/Respiratory Droplet

Spreads influenza

Airborne/Respiratory Droplet

coughing, sneezing, talking

Airborne/Respiratory Droplet

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

Approves the efficacy of products used for infection control. Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States.

Why are phenolics used as a disinfectant?

Because phenol is toxic, this is chemically altered to be safer. They are most effective against tuberculosis & other pathogens.

Foot spas, especially piped models, can harbor these

Biofilms

Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria

Fungicidal

Capable of destroying fungi and molds

which of the following are chemical products that destroy most bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces?

Disinfectants

Destroys most bacteria and some viruses

Disinfecting

Requires the use of safety glasses and gloves.

Disinfecting

Second only to sterilization

Disinfecting

`all "blank" - registered disinfectants must include this information

EPA

registration number

EPA registration number must appear on the label. It indicates that the product has been registered and approved by the EPA

Regulate licensing

Federal and state agencies regulate the beauty and wellness professions. State agencies __________.

Spread from person to person through blood and, less often, through other bodily fluids

HIV

The disease that breaks down the body's immune system is known as:

HIV

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus

HIV

disinfectant lables used in salon, spa, and barbershops should always include

HIV, HBV, and MRSA if Pseudomonas is included, the disinfectant will kill other lesser bacteria.

human papilloma virus

HPV

Majority of those infected have no symptoms

HPV + HSV

highly contagious virus that can be transmitted both directly and indirectly

HPV + HSV

spread through skin to skin contact and often thought of as a sexually transmitted disease

HPV HSV

Herpes Simplex Virus

HSV

what can happen if you injure or infect a client

It is top priority & responsibility to prevent illness, disease propagation and legal burden at all time at all cost. Also, poor infection control will jeopardize the owner's state license

federal and state legislatures

Laws are written by

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

MRSA

highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics

MRSA

initially appears as a skin infection that can be difficult to cure and becomes systemic without

MRSA

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment

what are phenolics

Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectant for salon tools

What are quats?

Quaternary ammonium compounds- Also known as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.

what is the difference between non-porous and porous items and surfaces?

The big difference between porous and non-porous surfaces are their ability to hold water, air, or other liquids. A porous surface has pores which allow things to flow through them more readily versus non-porous materials, which have a much tighter cell structure preventing ease of flow.

Sterilization

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

you should wash your hands before and after working with each client

True

What is sterilization?

Using chemical or physical substance (autoclave) to kill all microorganisms on the surface of an object

Submicroscopic particles that infect and resides in the cells of a biological organism are known as

Virus

Virucidal

`Capable of destroying viruses

side effects of cleaning the skin with isopropyl alcohol?

allergic reactions or skin dryness

Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces are, as well as the human body

bacteria

mycrobacterium is a large family of these often found in soil and water

bacteria

single-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics

bacteria

At a minimum, disinfectants used in salons, spas, and barbershops must be

batericidal, virucidal, fungicidal

Resist antiseptics, antimicrobials, and disinfection through a sticky matrix substance.

biofilms

Can involve the use of an ultrasonic unit.

cleaning

can involve use of a brush

cleaning

garbage removal

cleaning

washing with soap + water

cleaning

disinfectant containers contain disinfectant for "blank" purposes

cleaning and disinfecting

if a disinfectant label includes the word "blank"then the product is not mixed and must be diluted before use

concentrate

written by the regulatory agency or state board,

determination on how laws must be applied

Spreads MRSA and warts

direct transmission

shaking hands without washing afterward

direct transmission

as concentration time goes up and contact times go down

disinfectants become more corrosive & damaging to implements

controls microorganisms on multi-use tools and equipment

disinfecting

process of cleaning and disinfecting a tool/ surface

disinfecting

requires the use of chemical disinfectants

disinfecting

significantly reduces pathogens on a surface

disinfecting

Be sure that towels, linens, and capes are thoroughly "blank"

dried

items that are not "blank"

dry may grow mold and mildew

when should you change gloves while working with the same client?

during the services

rules

establish specific standards of conduct and can be changed or updated frequently

Always add water to a disinfectant when diluting in order to prevent foaming.

false

mixing chemicals together creates disinfectants with increased efficacy

false

store disinfectants in a low, easily accessed location

false

Hand saitizers should not be overused because they are being banned by the FDA.

false (Hand sanitizers should not be overused due to their drying effect. The FDA has not banned their use; however, states regulate their use.)

Using a moisturizing hand lotion after washing interferes with the cleaning process and should be avoided.

false (Using a moisturizing hand lotion after washing is good practice in order to prevent excessive drying of the skin.)

the true benefit of hand washing comes from the disinfectant properties of soap

false (comes from the friction created by the soap bubbles to pull pathogens off the skin's surface)

bacteria can grow inside liquid soap containers

false only bar soaps

rules and regulations can be changed or updated "blank"

frequently

Multiply best in warm, dark, damp, or dirty places.

fungi

Ringworm is one example, afflicting the skin with circular lesions.

fungi

Tinea barbae is the most frequently encountered example of these services

fungi

single-celled organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds, mildews, and yeasts

fungi

causes AIDS

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Doorknobs, phones, work surfaces, work implements.

indirect transmission

Spreads noroviruses, rotavirus, salmonella

indirect transmission

contact with an intermediate object

indirect transmission

what is the definition of infection

invasion of body tissue by microorganisms with the potential to cause illness or disease

Safety Data Sheet (SDS) (formerly known as MSDS sheets)

is a 16 category, standard-format document that communicates the potential hazards associated with products containing chemicals

containers for disinfecting must be

large enough to contain and cover all items

written by both federal and state legislatures, to determine scope of practice

laws

3 Aspects of Beauty and Wellness the state agencies regulate in the shop

licensing and enforcement; protect the health, safety, and welfare of the consumer; and guide your conduct when you are working in a salon, spa, or barbershop.

although your state may not require you to keep a "blank" of all equipment usage, cleaning, and disinfecting, testing, and maintenance, it may be advisable to keep one.

logbook

federal agencies set guidelines for the

manufacture, sale, and of equipment and chemical ingredients.

rules and regulations are more "blank" than

more specific

Head lice is an example of these and is responsible for pediculosis capititis, among other diseases.

parasites

organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or inside another organism, while contributing nothing to survival of the host.

parasites

scabies is a skin condition caused by the itch mite, one example of these

parasites

What is PPE?

personal protective equipment

standard precautions include

proper hand washing, wearing gloves, proper handling/disposing of sharp instruments.

Always use a "blank" to dispense products, when possible. For products in a tub-type container, always use a clean spatula to remove the product.

pump or shaker

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

regulates employee exposure to potentially toxic substances and informs employees about the possible hazards of materials used in the workplace

Lowest level of decontamination

sanitation (cleaning)

how long does a freshly mixed batch of sodium hypochlorite last?

store bleach solution away from heat and light. A fresh solution should be mixed every 24 hours or when the solution has been contaminated.

Properly cleaned implements and tools, free from all visible debris, must be "blank" in disinfectant for the specified 10 minute time.

submerged

EPA Label

the words batericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal mixing and changing instructions.

how long does it take for quats to work?

they work in about 10 minutes to disinfect implements

If you get disinfectant on your skin, immediately wash the area with liquid soap and warm water.

true

Keep the SDS on hand for the disinfectants you use.

true

Place disinfectants in an unmarked container, as per the manufacturer's instruction.

true

Replace the disinfectant solution at least once a week.

true

Use tongs, gloves, or a draining basket to remove implements from disinfectants.

true

Waterless hand sanitizers and antiseptics will not work on visibly dirty hands.

true

Wear an apron and use tongs when mixing disinfectants.

true

repeated use of antibacterial soap can increase the growth of pathogens.

true

Cannot be treated with antibiotics

virus

hepatitis is a blood-borne example of this that causes disease and can damage the liver

virus

Most often spread through contact with blood or other body fluids.

viruses

infected people are most contagious before showing symptoms

viruses

staphylococci are among the most common examples of these that affect humans

viruses

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

what agency registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the united states?

what should hydrogen peroxide not be used on?

wounds & cuts, slowing the natural healing process