Inflammation
A patient has been diagnosed with lung inflammation due to COPD, but the alveolar macrophage levels are still relatively low. Which immune function will be decreased in this patient?
1
A patient has been suffering from a sinus infection for the past five days. The patient complains of a stuffy nose and large amounts of nasal exudate. If the nurse drew a blood sample for a white blood cell differential, what might the results show?
1
A patient in an acute-care hospital setting calls the nurse because she notices a small area of redness around her IV cannula. The patient is concerned that she has developed a life-threatening blood infection. What can the nurse tell the patient to calm her fears?
1
A patient is having a type I hypersensitivity reaction to peanuts. Which immune cells would the nurse expect to be highly activated during this process?
1
A patient with allergic rhinitis has a differential white blood cell count showing an increase in the number of circulating eosinophils. What does the nurse teach the patient about the function of eosinophils?
1
The nurse is caring for a patient with limited mobility. When the nurse repositions the patient, he observes a red spot on the patient's hip. However, the patient denies a sensation of pain in that area. Which stage of inflammation does this represent?
1
The nurse recalls that which condition is associated with inflammation that occurs with infection?
1
The nurse recalls that which type of leukocyte releases histamine and heparin in areas of tissue damage?
1
What is the function of a monocyte during inflammation?
1
What is the nurse's understanding of a normal neutrophil count in the older adult experiencing inflammation?
1
Which type of white blood cell is most involved in immunoglobulin E presentation?
1
Which are the primary differences between an inflammatory response and an antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) or cell-mediated immunity (CMI) response? Select all that apply.
1,2
Which inflammations in the human body are caused by infections? Select all that apply.
1,2
Which cells are involved in the general inflammation process? Select all that apply.
1,2,3,5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a myocardial infarction in the hospital. Which statements about the healing process in this patient are correct? Select all that apply.
1,2,5
When assessing a patient, the nurse notices an area of inflammation on the skin. The nurse would likely be less concerned about the potential for infection in the presence of what other skin abnormalities? Select all that apply.
1,4
Which statements about stage II of the inflammatory response are correct? Select all that apply.
1,4,5
When teaching student nurses about innate immunity, the nurse practitioner lists the inflammatory response as one of the components of innate immunity. What other parts of innate immunity should the nurse practitioner include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
1,5
A patient comes in with complaints of a runny nose; sneezing; itchy, watery eyes; and a sore throat. The patient demands that the physician prescribe an antibiotic, even though a throat culture came back negative for bacteria. What should the nurse say to the patient in this situation?
2
A patient that has a low white blood cell count has a decreased inflammatory response, including impaired phagocytosis. Which step of the phagocytosis process is the first to be affected by a low white blood cell count?
2
A patient visits the doctor's office because of a suspected ingrown toenail. The toenail is red and painful, and the side of the toenail exudes pus upon pressure. Which stage of inflammation is the patient primarily experiencing?
2
A recent immigrant enters the emergency department with a roundworm infection. Which white blood cell type would the nurse expect to be most active in this patient?
2
A registered nurse is helping a student nurse understand the inflammatory response. Which statement by the student nurse indicates a need for further training?
2
How does an anti-inflammatory drug inhibit inflammation in the human body?
2
The nurse is assessing a patient who sprained an ankle while playing soccer. What statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
2
What is the process of making antigens less effective before administering them into the body for therapeutic purposes?
2
Which patient is most likely to experience an excessive inflammatory response that results in tissue damage rather than tissue healing even with timely and appropriate treatment by the medical staff?
2
What is the maturational pathway a stem cell takes when it differentiates and matures into a platelet? Place your answers in the correct order.
2,3,1,4
A patient with joint inflammation asks the nurse what causes the symptoms being experienced. Which explanations does the nurse offer? Select all that apply.
2,3,5
The nurse is monitoring a patient with an indwelling Foley catheter. If the patient reports pain associated with the catheter, what other symptoms could the nurse observe through visual inspection of the area to determine if the patient is experiencing an inflammatory response? Select all that apply.
2,4
While looking through patient charts, the nurse studies pictures taken from a blood smear. Which cells would the nurse expect to appear as immature cells rather than mature cells? Select all that apply.
2,4,5
A patient enters the emergency department with first degree and partial thickness second degree burns due to sun overexposure. Intact blisters are present on the most severely burned areas. The patient complains of severe pain, rated 5 on a scale of 0 to 10. When the nurse is providing burn care instructions to the patient and caregiver, which statement should be included?
3
A patient has been suffering from a sinus infection for the past five days. The patient complains of a stuffy nose and large amounts of nasal exudate. If the nurse drew a blood sample for a white blood cell differential, what might the results show?
3
A white blood cell differential was performed on four patients. Which patient has the greatest resistance to infection? Units are given per mm 3.
3
In the presence of significant infection in the body, which form of neutrophils will the nurse expect to be most abundant in the white blood cell count (WBC) differential?
3
The nurse is preparing a patient for discharge on postoperative day 1 after a modified radical mastectomy. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in this patient's discharge plan?
3
What condition does the nurse suspect in a patient with white blood cells (WBC) count results of 10% macrophages 80% neutrophils, 2.5% eosinophils, and 3% basophils?
3
Which cells of the immune system are similar because they engulf foreign cells through phagocytosis?
3
Which statement accurately explains otitis media?
3
Which type of white blood cell is effective during a viral infection?
3
Which type of white blood cells act by limiting inflammation and may result in infection if their numbers decrease?
3
A complete blood count with differential is performed in a patient with chronic sinusitis. Which finding does the nurse expect?
4
A patient had an adverse reaction to a blood transfusion. Which step in the phagocytosis process is most responsible for initiating the adverse reaction?
4
A patient is experiencing an inflammatory process related to a fractured fourth proximal phalanx on the left hand. If the patient is also taking antihistamines for seasonal allergies, which aspect of the inflammatory process may be inhibited?
4
A patient is suffering from recurrent episodes of allergic manifestations. What elevated laboratory finding does the nurse assess?
4
A serum sample taken from a patient undergoing stage I inflammation would likely show an elevated level of which cytokine?
4
Secretion of histamine, serotonin, and kinins in the initial stage of inflammation causes constriction of the small veins and dilates the arteriole in the area of injury. This causes warmth and redness in the tissue. Which cells are responsible for this action?
4
The emergency department nurse is caring for four patients. Which patient will have the most widespread inflammatory response?
4
The nurse is administering a prescribed anti-inflammatory medication to a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism of action of the drug is likely inhibition of which enzyme?
4
The nurse is looking at a patient's white blood cell differential. The nurse would be most concerned if which type of white blood cell had the lowest count of all the white blood cell types?
4
What functional age-related change in the older adult occurs during the immune component of inflammation?
4
What is the key function of neutrophils?
4
Where are various types of body cells, including the cells involved in inflammation and immune response, produced in the human body?
4
What are the conditions in which inflammation is not caused by an infection? Select all that apply.
4,5
