INFO 2420 Final Exam

These type of graphics are based on mathematical representation of the curves, lines and angles and can be scaled up or down without loss of resolution.

Vector

Shape

is a self contained area of geometric or organic form. A positive shape in composition automatically creates a negative shape

Hotlinking

is linking to images on the owner's server, usually done without permission uses bandwidth on other web server.

Size

is simply the relationship of the area occupied by one shape to that of another

Contrast

is the juxtaposition of opposing elements. Opposite colors on color wheel. Contrast in tone or value. Contrast in direction.

Value

is the lightness or darkness of a color • Tonal contrast is the difference between the light and dark areas in a composition.

Texture

is the surface quality of a shape. • Texture can be physical (tactile) or visual: rough, smooth, soft, hard, glossy • Visual texture is the illusion of the physical texture, created with the materials you use.

Images are made by combining .

layers

Tints

made by adding white

Repetition

means repeating a design element throughout the composition. Repetition with variation is interesting, without variation it can be monotonous.

royalty-free images

not truly free, term aggress to licensing agreement, not charged a per-use fee.

When working in GIMP, this is the only graphics mode available.

Raster Graphics

Know how a wireframe drawing can be used to layout content on a web page?

Shows placement of key page content, images are represented with boxes with an X. Label navigation, areas of text, links, logo, banner headings etc. Above the dashed line is "above the fold" are things above the viewable part of the page. Include screen dimensions. Wireframes "DO NOT" include visual design elements or color cues.

Jagged pixel edges of text or objects can be smoothed with what technique:

Anti-aliasing

Domination

Art design principle that can be applied to prevent monotony in a graphic.

This technique allows the designer to apply a treatment to multiple layers in GIMP.

Chained Layers

This special drawing mode in GIMP takes out the color from the forecolor layer only.

Color Erase

Know the definition of symmetry and how it relates to repetition?

Symmetry is a special case of repetition, it reveals the beauty of a purely abstract form, and it's not accidental that most perfect real-world creations such as the human body are nearly symmetric. It must not be too obvious. A composition where EVERY detail is in the symmetry tends to be too stable and, as a result, boring.

In the GIMP Toolbar, what feature is used to change the foreground and background color?

The Color Swatches

Temporary geometric, vector objects like circles, rectangles and polygons can be generated in GIMP through _

The Gfig filter

Free selection in GIMP is done through the use of which tool?

The lasso tool

Which of the following tools creates edges that are hard but are not antialiased? The paintbrush

The pencil

This file format in GIMP preserves layers of an image.

XCF

What is the native file type in GIMP?

XCF

Hue

a pure rainbow color from the color wheel. Color can be defined in terms of HSV:

adding border and edge effects

adding a border to the image itself can allow for more unique presentation on your site. Images made to look like a photograph by adding a white frame. Masking techniques can add special effects and transparency to edges allowing your image to blend onto a page. Consistency can be reinforced by adding same border around image that will be on the same page.

Logos usually contain?

an abstracted form or idea

Connecting to images on someone else's server, usually done without permissing is known as

hotlinking

Harmony

in composition is the visually satisfying effect of combining similar, related elements. Adjacent colors on the color wheel, similar shapes, etc.

Saturation

the proportion of this pure color vs. colorless grey

Contrast of color

use opposing hue, saturation, or brightness; among these, contrasting brightness is the most natural choice

Contrast of form

use opposites as big vs. small, horizontal vs. vertical, rectangular vs. circular; the multitude of choices are almost unlimited.

Know how the page background should be

used to tie together page elements.

Nuances

using the same old design concepts-but with a small difference. Kerning is manually adjusting the distance between letters.

Contrast of fonts

, the only meaningful opposition that can be made with fonts in logos is the contrast of different styles within one font family, such as normal, italics, and bold

Direction

- All lines have direction - Horizontal, Vertical or Oblique. • Horizontal lines suggest calmness, stability and tranquility • Vertical lines give a feeling of balance, formality and alertness. • Oblique lines suggests movement and action

Repetition

- Makes us perceive a series of objects as a line of motion, or a sequence of transformation. Most popular number is 3.

Value

- also called luminance, the overall brightness of color.

Shades

- made by adding black

masking and knockout text

- make use of different image techniques to frame content in artistic or unusual ways. Can be used to add symmetry, repetition, or highlighted elements. Layer techniques can be used to knockout text and fill it with another image. Knockout can be used with images as well as text. image adjustments

Know how to compose the components of a logo using: Proportion

- the comparative relation between things or magnitudes as to size, quantity, number.

GIF and Animated GIF

- these files can be imported or exported from GIMP.GIF files support transparency

Know how logos are used to provide a recognizable, reproducible symbol for businesses or organizations?

A logo is a corporate identity. Logo's often serve as the main graphic heading, or a part of, on the page and, consequently, the visual center of the entire page.

Know the advantages and tiling or not tiling a background image?

A small tiled image will load very fast. Textures can be difficult to use as a tiling background image.

This JavaScript pop up box is used to send a message or information to the user where they must close the box.

Alert

JavaScript makes use of this HTML elements of a page in this internal representation known as .

DOM

Know the different combinations of text and background color schemes?

Dark-text-on-light-background, background color is less saturated, text color is darker shade. Light-text-on-dark-background, easiest choice because of self luminous nature of computer screens. Dark backgrounds favor high levels of saturation.

Which art design principle can be applied to prevent monotony in a graphic?

Dominance

disadvantages tiling or not tiling a background image?

Expanding the background image gives the most creative control over layout. Non-tiling image must be large.

Finishes

Finishes include decorations such as: surface textures, drop shadows, highlights, gradients, and transparency.

This action takes all the levels or layers of an image and makes just one final image.

Flatten Image

Which of the following statements about how PNG files are used in GIMP is the most true?

GIMP fully supports the PNG format

XCF

Gimp native format that allows for layers, simple animations, and transparency.

This color mode reduces the number of colors in a color palette and can be used to decrease the size of an image.

Indexed

What is the Golden Ratio?

Is often found in nature and art 1:2/3, also called the divine proportion. Aesthetically pleasing to the eye. The Rule of Thirds uses this ratio and is achieved by dividing your page into 9 equal squares, place most important content in the thirds.

Which of the following is not a part of DHTML?

Java

Know the most commonly used page layouts?

Left Column navigation most common Right Column navigation used for sub-navigation or sub-content Three-column layout used for left navigation, center content and right-sub-content

Line

Linear marks made with a brush or pen, or the edge created when two shapes meet.

Forms

Logo's usually contain abstract or simplified forms. Abstract=purified, cleared of all non-essential components. This does not mean "simple" and never means "boring". Geometric shapes.

PNG

Lossless compression supports transparency when not viewed in IE.

JPEG

Lossy compression scheme. These files can be imported as a bitmapped graphic or exported.

Know how the Golden Ratio and the Rule of Thirds, can be used to help place point's of interest on a web page?

Once page is divided into 9 equal squares elements of interest should be at one or more of the intersections. Draws the eye to those locations.

Which of the following is NOT true of JavaScript?

Ownership of source code is protected through digital rights management

Which is NOT an acceptable graphic format for the web?

PSD

Balance

Placement of objects in a graphic that focuses on the proportions (mass) of the objects in relation to each other.

Unity

Principle of unity relates the design elements to the idea being expressed in a composition. Also, the visual linking of various elements of the work.

What is the most important issue when choosing a background color or background graphic for a web page?

The readability of text on the page

Which color term is also known as luminance?

Value

The style and width of lines in GIMP are controlled through ____________

bRUSHES

An aesthetically pleasing web page makes use of

basic art design principles.

creative cropping

can eliminate uninteresting elements, bring a new perspective, or focus attention on a key element.

Color

can have an impact on the viewer, we associate color with different feelings and emotions. Use the symbolic meaning of colors to add subtle deeper meaning to your web pages.

Keep layers separate until

completely finished.

Adding two JavaScript strings together is known as

concatenation

Compound colors

contain a mixture of three primary colors: examples are browns and khaki's and earth colors

Saturated colors

contain no black, no white and none of their complimentary colors.

Contrast of finishes

decorate a contrast already expressed in form or color by also applying contrasting textures (e.g. polished vs. rough or raised with a drop shadow vs. flat)

Google ganking

ganking is searching for a specific image and then using them out of convenience

Gradation

of size and direction produce linear perspective.

Complimentary colors

opposite each other

rights-managed images

payment fee charged per image based on size of business, how many people will view image, and the amount of time image will be used.

GIMP only supports

raster graphics.

Know the difference between vector and raster (bitmapped) graphics.

raster image is made of up pixels, each a different color, arranged to display an image. vector image is made up of paths, each with a mathematical formula (vector) that tells the path how it is shaped and what color it is bordered with or filled by.

free images

restriction free

The size of many of the Tools in the GIMP Toolbox is determined by

the brush chosen

In GIMP, when altering an image, this feature allows you to lock the width and height so they stay proportional.

the chain feature